The impact of fragile X premutation carrier status on embryo morphokinetic development
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FMR1
Blastula
Fertilization and embryo development following intracytoplasmic injection of round spermatids collected from hybrid sterile mice (BALB/c) were investigated. The rates of oocyte activation, blastocyst formation and development into live offspring were compared with those after intracytoplasmic injection of round spermatids from fertile mice (B6D2F1). The injection of oocytes with round spermatids from hybrid sterile or sterile males resulted in similar rates of normal fertilization and embryo development. The rates of development to term of 2-cell embryos were also similar, regardless of the origin of the round spermatids injected. This finding suggested that round spermatids from hybrid sterile mice have the ability to fertilize normally and to allow normal embryo development.
Oocyte activation
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The success of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) warrants further study on the role of paternal factors in early human embryogenesis. To investigate whether poor sperm parameters can influence embryo development, we examined the development of ICSI-fertilized embryos to the blastocyst stage. We present results of blastocyst development from supernumerary ICSI embryos after co-culture on monkey kidney epithelial cells. In addition, we compare the development of supernumerary embryos to the blastocyst stage after ICSI and in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Of 168 supernumerary ICSI embryos, 45 (26.8%) developed to blastocysts. Sperm concentration and morphology did not influence blastocyst development. In contrast, blastocysts arose from spermatozoa that had a significantly higher (P = 0.015) forward progressive motility compared with spermatozoa from those patients who failed to produce blastocysts (42.7% versus 28.2%, respectively). Overall the rate of embryo development to the blastocyst stage after ICSI was lower (26.8%) than that after IVF (47.3%). When the rate of blastocyst development was calculated for patients with three or more supernumerary embryos, it remained significantly higher for the IVF patients than for the ICSI patients (45.6% versus 30.0%). There was no significant difference in the mean cell number and quality of the supernumerary embryos between the IVF and ICSI patients. This study confirms previous reports that have postulated that abnormal spermatozoa may manifest a negative paternal effect on preimplantation embryo development.
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To establish a culture and development model in vitrofor intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI)-mediated porcine transgenic embryos,the effects of 2types of porcine embryo culture media(NCSU-23 and PZM-3), different sperm treatment(TritonX-100 and repeated freezing in liquid nitrogen)as well as different TSA treatment concentration and duration on the development in vitro of porcine transgenic ICSI embryos were comparatively investigated.The showed that there were no differences in cleavage rates percetage-percetage of EGFP positive embryos and blastocyst rates between NCSU-23group were and PZM-3group.The cleavage rate and blastocyst rate derived from PZM-3group were slightly higher than those from NCSU-23medium.Sperm treated with TritonX-100and repeated freezing in liquid nitrogen yielded increased number of EGFP positive embryos but no difference with the control.Interestingly,the cleavage rate of treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control.Culture using PZM-3medium containing 25nmol/L TSA for 24hresulted in an increased cleavage rate,percetage of EGFP positive embryos and developmental rate to blastocysts as compared to cuture for 12h,but there were no differences among groups.
Cleavage (geology)
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Abstract To examine the effects of oxygen toxicity on embryonic development, mouse pronuclear embryos were cultured under low oxygen conditions with or without superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the blastulation rate was compared with that of embryos cultured under standard conditions. The blastulation rate of mouse pronuclear embryos cultured under standard conditions was only 1.5% (2/131). This rate was increased significantly, to 28.5% (43/151), when the embryos were cultured under low oxygen conditions; and to 31.0% (35/113) when SOD (500 μg/ml) was added to the medium under standard conditions; the rate was increased to 75.2% (115/153) when the embryos were cultured under low oxygen conditions in the presence of SOD. The minimum effective concentration of SOD in the culture medium was 50 μg/ml under conditions of 5% O 2 . The blastulation rate was significantly decreased after 1‐hr exposure of pronuclear embryos to room atmospheric oxygen concentration (20% O 2 ), and subsequent culture under 5% O 2 with SOD did not result in an improved blastulation rate. Culture with SOD under 5% O 2 promoted the development of two‐cell stage embryos to the blastocyst stage. When two‐cell stage embryos were collected 48 hr after hCG and cultured for 66 hr, their blastulation rate was similar to that of embryos collected from mice 114 hr after hCG. These results suggested that embryonic development in vitro is greatly affected by atmospheric oxygen throughout the early embryonic stages and that this harmful effect can be prevented by culturing embryos under low oxygen conditions and in the presence of SOD.
Oxygen toxicity
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This study aims to investigate the embryo development potential of extending culture of abnormally fertilized zygotes with no pronuclear (0PN) and monopronuclear (1PN) and poor-quality day 3 embryos and to determine the associated clinical outcomes. This is a retrospective study performed between January 2014 and May 2018 at Jinhua People's Hospital. The normal developed embryos and the abnormal 0PN, 1PN and poor-quality day 3 embryos were cultured to day 5 or 6 for embryo transfer. Clinical outcomes resulting from abnormal embryos and normal developed embryos were compared. A total of 6466 embryos (1542 0PN, 852 1PN and 4072 poor-quality day 3 embryos) from 831 treatment cycles were cultured to the blastocyst stage. The total blastulation rate was 17.3% (1121/6466) with 18.2% in 0PN, 26.1% in 1PN and 15.2% in poor-quality day 3 embryos. The rate for good-quality blastocyst formation was 9.5% (616/6466) with 11.2% in 0PN group, 14.8% in 1PN group and 7.8% in poor-quality day 3 embryos, respectively. Blastulation rates of 0PN and 1PN derived from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) were significantly lower compared with in vitro fertilization group. A total of 243 cycles were transferred with blastocysts originating from abnormal embryos, resulting in 109 (44.9%) clinical pregnancies and 19 (17.4%) miscarriages; in the control group, a total of 350 cycles result in 214 (61.1%) clinical pregnancies and 18 (8.4%) miscarriages. The live birth rate was significantly lower in abnormal embryo group than that in control group. Collectively, conventional in vitro fertilization derived 0PN and 1PN zygotes, not ICSI, together with day 3 embryos with poor quality were able to reach blastocyst stage and produce a fair pregnancy rate and live birth rate.
Embryo quality
Blastula
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Embryo quality
Blastula
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Inner cell mass
Blastula
Embryo quality
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Objective To explore related factors for blastocyst development during the in-vitro fertilization(IVF) and Intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) cycles.Methods D3 surplus embryos after embryo t ransfer or Vitrification from IVF/ ICSI cycles were cultured into blastocyst by the sequential method,then the blastocyst development were observed.Results A total of 7438 surplus embryos after embryo transfer or Vitrification were collected and formed 1382 high-quality blastulas(18.58%) af ter the sequential culture.At D3 cleavage stage,6-cell embryo had the significantly higher rate of high-quality blastula formation(10.34%) than 4 or 5-cell embryo(5.45%)(P=0.011);7-9cells embryo had the significantly higher rate of high-quality blastula formation(19.95%)than 6-cell embryo,≥10-cell embryo had the significantly higher rate of high-quality blastula formation(27.47%)than 7~ 9-cell embryo(P0.001).At D2 cleavage stage,4-cell embryo had the significantly higher rate of high-quality blastula formation(25.40%)than 3 or 5-cell embryo(10.26%,15.41%)(P0.001).At D2/ D3 cleavage stage,the embryo with I-IIgrade fragment had the significantly higher rate of high-quality blastula formation than the embryo with III-IV grade fragment(P0.001).Conclusion In-vitro blastocyst culture can have significant advantage to screen the high-quality embryo with development potential.The blastocyst formation has close relationship with D2/D3 embryo blastomere number and fragment.
Blastula
Blastomere
Cleavage (geology)
Embryo quality
Vitrification
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Blastomere
Blastula
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