Choosing a Test Automation Framework for Programmable Logic Controllers in CODESYS Development Environment
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Programmable Logic Controllers are computer devices often used in industrial control systems as primary components that provide operational control and monitoring. The software running on these controllers is usually programmed in an Integrated Development Environment using a graphical or textual language defined in the IEC 61131-3 standard. Although traditionally, engineers have tested programmable logic controllers' software manually, test automation is being adopted during development in various compliant development environments. However, recent studies indicate that choosing a suitable test automation framework is not trivial and hinders industrial applicability. In this paper, we tackle the problem of choosing a test automation framework for testing programmable logic controllers, by focusing on the COntroller DEvelopment SYStem (CODESYS) development environment. CODESYS is deemed popular for device-independent programming according to IEC 61131-3. We explore the CODESYS-supported test automation frameworks through a grey literature review and identify the essential criteria for choosing such a test automation framework. We validate these criteria with an industry practitioner and compare the resulting test automation frameworks in an industrial case study. Next, we summarize the steps for selecting a test automation framework and the identification of 29 different criteria for test automation framework evaluation. This study shows that CODESYS Test Manager and CoUnit are mentioned the most in the grey literature review results. The industrial case study aims to increase the know-how in automated testing of programmable logic controllers and help other researchers and practitioners identify the right framework for test automation in an industrial context.Keywords:
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A new experimental device of programmable logic controller for teaching is developed. Students can freely study the digital and analog input and output of the programmable logic controller with this device, and practice to control the sequential actions by the programmable logic controller to simulate the industrial pneumatic robot. It is effective for the curricula building and teaching of the programmable logic controller.
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Whether the dispatching automation system or substation automation system can run safely, steadily, reliably, its power supply system is an important factor. The paper analyzes the current situation of automation system in Yucheng Electric Co., a scheme for optimized power supply in the substation automation system is put forward. Through the actual examination of the substation automation system, the concrete countermeasures are made.
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The main objective of this project is to perform exterior car washing by using programmable logic controller. A PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) is a digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a programmable memory for the internal storage of instructions by implementing specific functions such as logic sequencing, timing, counting, and arithmetic to control, through digital or analog input/output modules, various types of machines or processes. PLC sends the information like entry and exit of the car and emergency conditions to the customer (or) operator through alarm. After receiving the information from the PLC, the operator can be able to act upon it. Car washing includes spraying of soap solution, cleaning with water, wiped by brushes and finished with the forced air drying.
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هدف البحث معرفة فاعلية أسلوب العرض التركيبي بتنمية كل من الأداء التحصيلي مادة ال PLC "Programmable Logic controller" في قسم الأجهزة الطبية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم اعتماد المنهج التجريبي، جرى اختيار العينة من متعلمي ومتعلمات قسم الأجهزة الطبية، وهم (60) متعلم ومتعلمة، تم تصميم اختبار تحصيلي في مادة ال PLC "Programmable Logic controller.
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فاعلية استراتيجية العرض التركيبي في تنمية التحصيل الدراسي للمتعلمين في مادة ال PLC "Programmable Logic controller في قسم الأجهزة الطبية.
انعدام الفروق الإحصائية بين متعلمي مجموعة التجريبية بالأداء التحصيلي في مادة ال PLC "Programmable Logic controller" وفق الجنس.
وتم تقديم مجموعة من الاقتراحات والتوصيات
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This project work is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the history and development of Programmable Logic Controllers and its subsequent applications in different industries. In The second part PLC was implemented to control 3 different processes namely lift car controller, Liquid level controller, Temperature controller. Automation of many different processes, such as controlling machines or factory assembly lines, is done through the use of small computers called a programmable logic controller (PLC). This is actually a control device that consists of a programmable microprocessor, and is programmed using a specialized computer language. Before, a programmable logic controller would have been programmed in ladder logic, which is similar to a schematic of relay logic. A modern programmable logic controller is usually programmed in any one of several languages, ranging from ladder logic to Basic or C. Typically, the program is written in a development environment on a personal computer (PC), and then is downloaded onto the programmable logic controller directly through a cable connection. The program is stored in the programmable logic controller in on-volatile memory.The programmable logic controller has made a significant contribution to factory automation. Earlier automation systems had to use thousands of individual relays and cam timers, but all of the relays and timers within a factory system can often be replaced with a single programmable logic controller. Today, programmable logic controllers deliver a wide range of functionality, including basic relay control, motion control, process control, and complex networking, as well as being used in Distributed Control Systems. There are several different types of interfaces that are used when people need to interact with the programmable logic controller to configure it or work with it. This may take the form of simple lights or switches or text displays, or for more complex systems, a computer of Web interface on a computer running a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system. Programmable logic controllers were first created to serve the automobile industry, and the first programmable logic controller project was developed in 1968 for General Motors to replace hard-wired relay systems with an electronic controller.The lift controller controls the movement of the lift. The program is designed to make the lift car move to the correct floor based on floor request. The temperature controller controls the temperature of the fluid based on a set point. The level controller controls the level of a liquid in a tank.
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The use of the programmable logic controller has advanced tremendously since its introduction in the late 1960’s. The programmable logic controller, affectionately known as the PLC in today’s industries, was first introduced as an electrical control relay replacer. The purpose of this paper is to assist those who are considering the application of a PLC in their facility to better understand where programmable logic controller technology has advanced to today. Paper published with permission.
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With the development of industrialization, programmable controllers have been widely used in various types of industrial production. Programmable Logic matrix experienced controllers, programmable sequence controller, programmable logic controllers and programmable logic controller of several different periods of time, the memory can be programmed through the digital or analog input and output control of machinery or production. With the development of information technology, computer technology and the programmable controller allows the joint use of the efficiency of industrial production has been greatly improved.
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Logixpro Lab Manual for Use with Programmable Logic Controllers(4th Edition) Activities Manual to accompany Programmable Logic Controllers(3rd Edition) By Frank Petruzella: Programmable Logic Controllers Fourth (4th) Edition (-Author-) on Activities Manual to accompany Programmable Logic Controllers. Activities Manual To Accompany Programmable Logic Controllers, 4th Edition. Activities Manual To Accompany Programmable Logic Controllers, 4th Edition.
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Programmable controllers were originally evolved as programmable logic controllers to be used solely for replacement of hardwired logic schemes. In the course of time the PLC hardware has become more powerful and programmable controllers are taking their designated place deservingly in the upper range automation systems and handle some of the special control functions which were hitherto being executed only by process computers or analog controllers. The paper deals with automation of a single stand aluminium cold rolling mill using programmable controllers and PC's. It highlights the various special functions realized using the programmable controllers.< >
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Programmable automation controllers (PAC) have been dubbed as the future of control. In order to verify this claim, this paper examines what a programmable automation controller (PAC) is, how it compares to the PLC (programmable logic controllers) and what benefits the PAC has for control and automation engineers.
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