Fabrication of a mimetic vascular graft using melt spinning with tailorable fiber parameters
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Smooth muscle cells play a pivotal role in maintaining blood pressure and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. These cells have a characteristic spindle shape and are aligned in the radial direction to aid in the constriction of any artery. Tissue engineered grafts have the potential to recreate this alignment and offer a viable alternative to non-resorbable or autologous grafts. Specifically, with melt spinning small diameter fibers can be created that can align circumferentially on the scaffolds. In this study, a set of simplified equations were formulated to predict the final fiber parameters. Smooth muscle cell alignment was monitored on the fabricated scaffolds. Finally, a co-culture of smooth muscle cells in direct contact with endothelial cells was performed to assess the influence of the smooth muscle cell alignment on the morphology of the endothelial cells. The results show that the equations were able to accurately predict the fiber diameter, distance and angle. Primary vascular smooth muscle cells aligned according to the fiber direction mimicking the native orientation. The co-culture with endothelial cells showed that the aligned smooth muscle cells did not have an influence on the morphology of the endothelial cells. In conclusion, we formulated a series of equations that can predict the fiber parameters during melt spinning. Furthermore, the method described here can create a vascular graft with smooth muscle cells aligned circumferentially that morphologically mimics the native orientation.In the paper, characteristics of HOY spinning process was studied, the effect of primary processing parameters on spinning was discussed, and the mechanism of fibers formation and super-molecule structure were researched. The results indicated that the quality of PET chips and the processes of drying, temperature of spinning and hot zone, speed of spinning, total denier and dpf etc, had bigger influence on the spinnability, mechanical property and super-molecule structure.
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Comparative analysis of smooth muscular tissue of bronchi and of rectal pelvic region was performed using electron microscopic and cytophotometric methods. Smooth myocyte population of organs studied were demonstrated to include three cell types: small, medium and large ones. The population structure of smooth muscular tissue has similar pattern in bronchi and intestine, despite the established statistically significant diversity in their smooth myocyte volumetric parameters. Small smooth myocyte subpopulation was found to contain the cells considered to be smooth muscular tissue cambial elements by their ultrastructural and cytophotometrical characteristics.
Smooth muscle tissue
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Probing is done into the peak value CVb with the ring spinning tubes regarding the draft pressurizing mechanism,spinning process,and textile accessories and parts involved with ring spinning frames.Comparative analysis finds the difference of CVb value of the tubes caused by the pressurizing mechanism,spinning process,spinning accessories and parts.The paper concluded itself with some proper measures against the difference.
Textile
Value (mathematics)
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By testing the performances of several kinds of yarns,it analyzed and compared with compact spinning yarn,ring spinning yarn,compact spinning yarn with the same count and different ratio,compact spinning yarn with a close ratio and different count.It proposed spinning enterprises should pay attention to the research of compact spinning principle,from process,operation and other aspects,to strengthen production management and optimize production process.
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It made a summary on the definition and development of complex spinning.A new definition on the complex spinning yarn was proposed.The relevant methods for the complex spinning have been introduced,including rotor spinning,hollow spindle wrap spinning and ring spinning.The comparison in advantages and disadvantages is made between them.
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Abstract A study of operating conditions that are conducive to the occurrence of reverse spinning are reported, and it is established that reverse spinning could be reasonably stable and also could revert to the normal mode. Particular attention was given to the tension variations during change-over between the two modes of spinning, and the properties of reverse-spun yarn were determined.
Mode (computer interface)
Tension (geology)
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In order to know the mechanism of new spinning process,spinning feature,and the product for full use of the spinning process,introduction is made to the innovation and development of ring-spinning process,mechannism of new spinning processes such as rotor spinning,air-jet spinning,air-jet backset spinning and the fiber forms.Comparative analysis of soinning characeristic of new spinning processes and the hairiness varieties proves that reduction of hairiness over 3 mm in the process of air-jet spinning is similar to that in compact spinning while hairiness in 0.2 mm of the air-jet spinning is of 40% more than that in ring-spinning,thus applicable for abraded fabric.
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The process for AB spinning such as A + B spinning and A + AB spinning are introduced,and the A + AB spinning and its calculation are emphasized.Also,the causes of some common defects like color difference,single fiber spinning and wrap yarn are analyzed, and technical solutions are proposed.
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Introduction is done to the status of the spinning system including rotor spinning,air-jet spinning and backset spinning with analysis of the the advantages and disadvantages.Conclusion is made that Priority should be given to the development of high quality rotor spinnig frame instead of air-jet spinning frame,which is of poor varieties adjustability.Backset spinning process will have a bright future if the limitation of spinning is breaken.
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The spinning characteristics of traditional cotton spinning frame and the reformed method with compact spinning technique are analysed in this paper.And the principle of compact spinning as well as the structure features of the compact spinning frame produced by Shanghai No.2 textile machine works are also introduced.The spinning test shows that some performances of the yarn with compact spinning technique are better than that of ring spinning technique.
Textile
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