Electronically Conductive Hydrogels by in Situ Polymerization of a Water‐Soluble EDOT‐Derived Monomer
Dan My NguyenYuhang WuAbigail NolinChun‐Yuan LoTianzheng GuoCharles DhongDavid C. MartinLaure V. Kayser
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Electronically conductive hydrogels have gained popularity in bioelectronic interfaces because their mechanical properties are similar to biological tissues, potentially preventing scaring in implanted electronics. Hydrogels have low elastic moduli, due to their high water content, which facilitates their integration with biological tissues. To achieve electronically conductive hydrogels, however, requires the integration of conducting polymers or nanoparticles. These “hard” components increase the elastic modulus of the hydrogel, removing their desirable compatibility with biological tissues, or lead to the heterogeneous distribution of the conductive material in the hydrogel scaffold. A general strategy to transform hydrogels into electronically conductive hydrogels without affecting the mechanical properties of the parent hydrogel is still lacking. Herein, a two‐step method is reported for imparting conductivity to a range of different hydrogels by in‐situ polymerization of a water‐soluble and neutral conducting polymer precursor: 3,4–ethylenedioxythiophene diethylene glycol (EDOT‐DEG). The resulting conductive hydrogels are homogenous, have conductivities around 0.3 S m −1 , low impedance, and maintain an elastic modulus of 5–15 kPa, which is similar to the preformed hydrogel. The simple preparation and desirable properties of the conductive hydrogels are likely to lead to new materials and applications in tissue engineering, neural interfaces, biosensors, and electrostimulation.Keywords:
Gelatin
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Conducting polymer is a used material for many purposes, including active compound of chemical sensor. Polypyrrole, one type of conducting polymers, is frequently used because of its advantages, namely owing high conductivity, strong mechanical properties and relatively stable compound. This research was aimed to develop an alcohol sensor based on polypyrrole. Electropolymerisation of the polypyrrole was carried out using cyclic voltammetric technique. This research investigated some parameters electropolymerisation, namely variation of dopant electrolyte concentration, potential scan-rate, surface morphology of the polymer resulted, characteristic of the sensor performance when exposed to some alcohol compounds. According to the result of investigation, it was found that variation of potential scan-rate and dopant concentration has significant effect to the electropolymerisation process as well as to the resulted polymer, as indicated by the voltammogram profiles, the surface morphology of the resulted polymer and the response of resistance change of the polymer when exposed to the alcohol compounds.Keywords: polypyrrole, conducting polymer, alcohol sensor, cyclic voltammetry, electropolymerisation.
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This paper deals with a fundamental review of preparation methods, characterizations, thermal and environmental stabilities and practical applications of polypyrrole (PPy) conducting electroactive polymers. In this article some of the most important factors affecting the electrical, electrochemical, thermal and environmental stabilities of polypyrrole conducting polymers have also been reviewed.
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Conducting polymers have been studied extensively because of the fundamental interest and the potentiality in practical applications. An outstanding property of the polymers is that the conductivity of some of them, such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline and so on, is affected by the applied voltage. For the polypyrrole, the oxidized state is of an electronic conductor and the reduced state is essentially insulating. Using this property, the
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