Abstract:
Kangaroo care refers to an approach to breast feeding first tried in Colombia during the late 1970s in an attempt to reduce the spread of infections resulting from newborns sharing hospital incubators. The method involves draping a blanket around the mother and infant, dressing the infant in only a diaper and holding him or her upright between the mother's breasts during feeding. In kangaroo care, the mother essentially became the infant's incubator. A study led by Dr. Jo-Ann Blaymore Bier, an Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at Brown University, has determined that for underweight newborns, the direct skin-to-skin contact with their mothers during breast feeding experienced through kangaroo care may be beneficial to their health. The study involved 50 newborns who weighed less than 3.3 pounds at births. The infants breast fed through kangaroo care were more likely than preemies who were breast fed while clothed and cradled in their mothers' arms to still be breast feeding 1 month after hospital discharge. Moreover, mothers in the kangaroo care group had more stable milk production and breast fed longer, helping infants' immune systems strengthen. It is thought that the direct skin-to-skin contact helped the mothers and infants bond psychologically, stimulating maternal milk production. Kangaroo care infants also had higher oxygen levels in their blood, possibly because they received more oxygen from their mother's breast milk. Immature infants' lungs need high levels of oxygen in order to develop properly.Keywords:
Kangaroo care
Incubator
Underweight
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Aim and objective: To study the infant feeding practices among mothers accompanying infants in a well baby clinic.To evaluate the association between educational status and religion of mother and the feeding practice.Methods: A clinic based cross-sectional descriptive study among mothers accompanying infants for immunization and check up during a period of six months.Data was collected using a pre tested questionnaire Results: A total of 432 mothers and their infants were enrolled in the study.19.8% of infants were given prelacteal feeds.All the babies received colostrum.92.5% were initiated breast feeding within one hour after delivery.97% of the mothers practiced breast feeding on demand.72% of babies who were less than 6 months of age were exclusively breast fed.Among babies older than 6 months 71.6% were started on early complementary feeding and 2.1% of them were not on complementary feeding.Early initiation of breast feeding was significantly more in mothers with higher educational status.Exclusive breast feeding was less and artificial feeds usage was more in mothers with higher educational status.Religion also showed significant association with type and time of first feed.Conclusion: Despite higher rate of early initiation of breast feeding, colostrum feeding and demand feeding, exclusive breast feeding was comparatively low.Early initiation of complementary feeding was also noted.Knowledge and practice of infant feeding varied with religion and educational status of the mother Key words colostrum, complementary feeding, exclusive
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There is conflicting evidence on the protective role of breastfeeding in relation to allergic sensitization and disease. The factors in breast milk which influence these processes are still unclear and under investigation. We know that colostrum and breast milk contain a variety of molecules which can influence immune responses in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue of a neonate. This review summarizes the evidence that variations in colostrum and breast milk composition can influence allergic outcomes in the infant, and the evidence that maternal and environmental factors can modify milk composition. Taken together, the data presented support the possibility that maternal dietary interventions may be an effective way to promote infant health through modification of breast milk composition.
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A cross-sectional survey on 523 pairs of mother and suffered from acute respiratory infections child6-23 months old treated at the Maternity and Children’s Hospital of Ha Nam provine in 2016-2018to assess the nutritional status of children and describe some mother’s child-feeding practices. Theresults showed that: The rates of stunting and wasting of children were high: 21.2% and 11.1%(respectively); the rate of underweight was 14.0%. The rates of mothers who breastfeed their babieslate after the first hour after birth and of mothers who give complementary foods too early or too late(before 6 months or after 8 months of age) were quite high: 62.5% and 53.0% (respectively); the rateof mothers squeezed colostrum before first breastfeeding was 24.3%. Children who were started oncomplementary feeding at the wrong time compared with those who were fed at the right time hadhigher rates of stunting: 24.2% and 18.8% (respectively) (OR=1, 4; 95%CI 0.9-2.3) but no statisticallysignificant difference (p=0.1075); the rate of underweight malnutrition was also higher: 19.5% and7.8% (respectively) statistically significant difference (OR=2.9; 95%CI 1.6-5.3; p=0.0001).
Underweight
Respiratory infection
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To compare the time of colostrum expression and quantity of breast milk between early postpartum women who practiced exclusively breastfeeding and who had combined breast and bottle feeding.Seventy mothers who delivered term normal, singleton infants were voluntarily recruited during immediate postpartum period and allocated into two groups. Study group was 35 mothers who practiced exclusively breastfeeding and 35 mothers who practiced combined breast and bottle feeding were control group. Expression of colostrum at 12, 24, and 48 hours and quantity of breast milk at 48 hours after delivery were evaluated and compared between two groups.At 12 and 24 hours after delivery, 65.7% and 88.6% of study group had colostrum compared to 37.1% and 68.6% in control group, respectively. The difference was significantly higher in study group. However, at 48 hours after delivery, there was no statistical difference in both groups. Quantity of breast milk at 48 hours after delivery was 5 mL (2, 10) in the study group compared to 2 mL (0, 8) in the control group, which was significantly different.Exclusively breastfeeding since immediate postpartum significantly promote earlier expression of colostrum and higher quantity of breast milk.
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A study on comparison of feeding practices among rural and urban children and its effect on their nutritional status in western UP - JPMHH- Print ISSN No: - 2454-6704 Online ISSN No:- 2454-6712 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.jpmhh.2020.004, Journal of Preventive Medicine and Holistic Health-J Prev Med Holist Health
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Infants are the most vulnerable group among all the age groups in our society. Breastfeeding decisions and practices are influenced by multiple factors including knowledge, attitude and beliefs. This rural based cross sectional descriptive study carried out among 320 mothers having infant up to 1 year of selected villages at Dhamrai from 7th August to 31th January 2014, to determine the characteristics of feeding practices and nutritional status of infants. Near fifty percent infants belonged to age group 9-12 months and of them one third were more than 8 kg. Regarding feeding status 284(88.8%) of respondents got colostrums bit about fifty-five percent mother did not know the benefit of exclusive breastfeeding. The observation regarding complementary feeding 142(50.9%) infants were started after six months of age and the common types of complementary food were khichuri (49.7%), shagu, suji (21.5%), fruit juice (6.8%) given as family food. It was found that 208(65%) mothers were encouraged by doctors to practice weaning food. The prevalence of severe underweight and moderate underweight in the studied children were 10.9% and 14.1% respectively, the prevalence of moderate and severe wasting children was 6.2% and 3.2% respectively and the prevalence of severely and moderately stunted children were 8.3% and 10.9% respectively. Proper breastfeeding practices are effective ways for reducing infant morbidity and mortality. So it may be concluded that correct breast feeding practices should be supported and promoted to improve the well-being of infants.
Underweight
Infant feeding
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There is seemingly consistent and compelling evidence that there is no association between breastfeeding and breast cancer. An assumption follows that milk borne viruses cannot be associated with human breast cancer. We challenge this evidence because past breastfeeding studies did not determine "exposure" of newborn infants to colostrum and breast milk. We conducted a prospective review of 100 consecutive births of infants in the same centre to determine the proportion of newborn infants who were "exposed" to colostrum or breast milk, as distinct from being fully breast fed. We also report a review of the breastfeeding practices of mothers of over 87,000 newborn infants in the Australian State of New South Wales. This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia). Approval 05063, 29 September 2005. Virtually all (97 of 100) newborn infants in this centre were "exposed" to colostrum or breast milk whether or not they were fully breast fed. Between 82.2% to 98.7% of 87,000 newborn infants were "exposed" to colostrum or breast milk. In some Western communities there is near universal exposure of new born infants to colostrum and breast milk. Accordingly it is possible for the transmission of human milk borne viruses. This is contrary to the widespread assumption that human milk borne viruses cannot be associated with breast cancer.
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