Trapping parameters of repulsive centers in SbSI single crystals
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Frequency factor
The kinetics of the reaction between polymethane polyphenyl isocyanate(PAPI) and the liquefied product of bagasse in various temperatures(30 ℃,40 ℃,50 ℃) in dioxane solvent was studied by means of the di-n-butylamine method.The reaction presented an apparent second-order rate law.The reaction rate constants at the four temperatures have been calculated.The activation energy and frequency factor from the Arrhenius equation were also calculated.The activation energy is 101.6 kJ/mol and the frequency factor is 3.99×1015 g/mol·s.
Bagasse
Frequency factor
Isocyanate
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Thermally stimulated currents (TSC) method was used to study trap parameters in thin 1,4 cis polybutadiene films. Trap depths, a capture cross section for trapping and an attempt-to-escape frequency factor have been estimated. Two groups of trapping levels with energy of 0,63 eV and 1,1 eV have been found.
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Trap (plumbing)
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It has been shown that a thermoluminescence (TL) peak of BeO cannot be fitted with a numerically generated glow peak involving only three trapping parameters, namely trap depth, frequency factor and order of kinetics. The peak can be fitted with a TL peak numerically generated by the exact solutions of the basic differential equations. This enables one to determine the five important intrinsic trapping parameters: trap depth, frequency factor, retrapping probability, recombination probability and the concentration of a disconnected trap, an impossible feat under the kinetics formalism.
Frequency factor
Trap (plumbing)
Formalism (music)
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A method has been developed for the evaluation of activation energy of thermoluminescence peak recorded with hyperbolic heating scheme by taking into account temperature dependent frequency factor. We have arrived at a number of expressions of activation energy involving the peak temperature and/or temperatures corresponding to the two points of inflection of the peak. It has been observed that the temperature dependence of frequency factor might lead to an error of the order of 10% in the determination of activation energy.
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Inflection point
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Frequency factor
Entropy of activation
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The kinetic study of pyrolysis involved the use of a homemade thermogravimertic analysis (TG) system and showed that the reaction is first order at high temperature range (390- 450) ºc. The reaction rate constant has been increased with temperature (0.15903- 0.9183) min-1 at the same range of temperature above according to Arrhenius model equation modeled Bovier and Gelus, which can be used to estimate the kinetic parameters .the activation energy of reaction is found to be 1.33 kcal/mol. , whereas the frequency factor is equal to 1x 10-8 l/mol. sec. From comparison between theoretical and experimental conversion due to the same model above it could be seen that there is a good agreement between theoretical and experimental results and higher temperatures (390-450) ºc but become worse of low temperatures (200-350) ºc.
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Scrap
Atmospheric temperature range
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Secondorder reaction kinetic model under changing of temperature is founded through assuming and predigesting.The effects of additive SiO2,and its adding amount on DMT and EG ester interchange reaction dynamics are studied.By curve fitting,the action energy and frequency factor of the reaction system are calculated by Arrhenius equation.The results showed that the action energy and frequency factor increases with the adding of nanometer SiO2 and the increasing of its adding amount.
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Nanometre
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Abstract Thermal degradations of biomass corn leaves were studied for kinetic modeling. Thermogravimetric-differential analyzer runs at 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min −1 heating rates were employed. Apparent activation energy and frequency factor values were calculated for first-order kinetics using several procedures. The procedure of Coats and Redfern showed 28.89 to 31.78 kJ mol −1 apparent activation energy and 15.5 to 157.12 min −1 frequency factor, respectively. Calculation of the apparent activation energy and frequency factor using Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose procedure gave 229.9–364.2 kJ/mol and 8.567 × 10 23 and 1.13 × 10 31 (min −1 ), respectively as the conversion increased from 0.1 to 0.9. The newly introduced excel solver procedure indicates a distribution activation energy over the entire range of conversion. For first-order reaction kinetics, the calculated apparent activation energy magnitudes ranged between 5.0 kJ mol −1 with frequency factor equals to 0.239 and 196.2 kJ mol −1 with frequency factor 2.89 × 10 12 in the studied range. The low or high magnitudes of the calculated activation energy are not associated with a particular value of the conversion. The calculated apparent activation energies are related to the direct solution of the simultaneous equations that constitute the basis of the excel solver.
Frequency factor
Thermogravimetric analysis
Solver
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Abstract Die gemäß Reaktion A dargestellte Titelverbindung kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe C2/m mit Z=2.
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Kinetics of boride layers formation on C15 carbon steel has been investigated in this paper. Pack boronizing is carried out at a temperature range of 870 – 970 °C in durations of 4 – 8 h. Average thickness of obtained layers ranges from 65, 3 to 215, 5 µm. Values of frequency factor (3, 02 x 10-4 m2/s) and activation energy (195, 43 kJ/mol) are determined by means of Arrhenius equation. Based on these values, empirical expression showing functional relationship between boride layer thickness and boronizing temperature and duration has been obtained.
Frequency factor
Atmospheric temperature range
Carbon fibers
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