A Universal Method for the Preparation of Covalent Protein–DNA Conjugates for Use in Creating Protein Nanostructures
Benjamin P. DuckworthYan ChenJames W. WollackYuk Y. ShamJoachim D. MuellerT. Andrew TatonMark D. Distefano
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Musterbildung mit Proteinen: Ein Protein, das mit einer Azidmarkierung selektiv gekennzeichnet war, wurde mit alkinfunktionalisierter DNA umgesetzt. Die Protein-DNA-Konjugate wurden genutzt, um eine mit DNA (blau) aggregierte Proteinnanostruktur (weiß) herzustellen. Die Methode könnte die Erzeugung von Protein-DNA-Hybridstrukturen mit nützlichen strukturellen und funktionellen Eigenschaften vereinfachen.Keywords:
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IAA-conjugate formation in carrot tissues transformed with aux- Ti plasmids was induced by exogenously applied IAA. When the tissues were treated with NAA or 2, 4-D, IAA-conjugate formation was also induced. This result suggests that IAA-conjugate formation may be generally induced by substances having auxin activity.On the other hand, 2, 4-D was not metabolized to conjugate form even when the transformed carrot tissues were treated with IAA. This suggests that the effect of 2, 4-D is different from that of IAA in carrot.
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Abstract Benzalcyanoacetamides were designed and synthesized as reversible thiol conjugate addition acceptors. These thia‐conjugate additions can rapidly and reversibly achieve equilibrium under aqueous conditions at neutral pH. Kinetic studies show that electron‐withdrawing groups at the 4‐position of the phenyl ring of the benzalcyanoacetamides promote the conjugate addition at equilibrium. Dynamic thiol exchange of these conjugate acceptors is faster than singly activated α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds. These thia‐conjugate additions can be assembled as potentially useful components in dynamic combinatorial chemistry.
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Aqueous medium
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This chapter provides the coding details for fulfilling the design principle of generality. It teaches the readers about template support in C++ with an emphasis on the aspects that arise in the Standard Library. The chapter begins with a discussion on using templates for generic programming. It shows the syntax on how to write templates and examples where templates are really useful. The chapter explains how to write class templates, how to use template parameters, and how to templatize methods of a class. It further discusses how to use class template specialization to write special implementations of a template where the template parameters are replaced with specific arguments. The chapter helps the readers learn about variable templates, function templates, and the elegant new C++20 abbreviated function template syntax. It concludes with an explanation of another C++20 feature called concepts, allowing the readers to put constraints on template parameters.
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A modified procedure has been worked out for preparing a conjugate of porcine insulin with E. coli beta-galactosidase employing a heterobifunctional reagent, N-hydroxysuccinimidyl m-maleimidobenzoate. Optimal conditions for insulin acylation and subsequent coupling with beta-galactosidase were selected that afforded the conjugate in a high yield. The ability of the modified antigen to react with antibody was evaluated in the reaction of conjugate binding with immobilized monoclonal antibody to insulin. The conjugate almost completely retained the enzymatic activity and reacted with high specificity with the antibody to insulin. The conjugate can be used in competitive ELISA of insulin.
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A series of MgO-rich MgAl2O4 samples were prepared by co-precipitation in the presence of CTAB, Triton X-100, and glucose or a combination of CTAB and glucose, which act as templates. The effects of different types and amounts of single template, as well as adding order of the mixed templates, on the specific surface area and particle size were investigated by BET and XRD analyses. The addition of the single template can lead to the increase of the specific surface area, wherein the samples using glucose as templates own the maximum specific surface area of 198 m2/g; as for the use of mixed templates, results revealed that adding CTAB first, followed by the addition of glucose, is better, giving a surface area of 223 m2/g.
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C++ provides language support not only for object-oriented programming, but also for generic programming. The goal of generic programming is to write reusable code.The fundamental tools for generic programming in C++ are templates. This chapter starts with a discussion on using templates for generic programming. It then describes the syntax on how to write templates and examples where templates are really useful. It explains how to write class templates, how to organize the code in different files, how to use template parameters, and how to templatize methods of a class. It further discusses how to use class template specialization to write special implementations of a template where the template parameters are replaced with specific arguments. In order to understand class templates, it is helpful to examine the syntax. The chapter finishes with an explanation of function templates and variable templates.
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One of the greatest strengths of Dreamweaver MX is templates. If you have used templates in a previous version of Dreamweaver, then take note, because templates in Dreamweaver MX are a whole new ball game with four brand-new features that open up a world of possibilities: nested templates, repeating regions, optional regions, and editable attributes. In this chapter we cover how to use templates, the new templates features in Dreamweaver MX, and the common problems you'll face when dealing with templates.
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The preparation of new tin templates, stannathianes 1-3 is described. New templates have been successfully applied to the synthesis of macrocyclic polythialactones 4-9 by cyclization of corresponding stannathianes 1-3 with pimeloyl dichloride.
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