Experimental Limitations to the Validity of Semiclassical Radiation Theories
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Semiclassical physics
Abstract The soliton of the effective chiral action of QCD is quantized in a semiclassical fashion using the “cranking approach” developed for the description of rotating nuclei. It is shown that for the Skyrmion model this approach is equivalent to the semiclassical quantization proposed by Adkins et al. Contrasting the assumptions of the cranking approach to the experimental excitation spectrum of the nucleon leads to the conclusion that the semiclassical quantization is inapplicable to the chiral soliton if the latter is to describe the physical nucleon.
Semiclassical physics
Skyrmion
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Abstract Despite wide recognition that speculation is critical for successful science, philosophers have attended little to it. When they have, speculation has been characterized in narrowly epistemic terms: a hypothesis is speculative due to its (lack of) evidential support. These ‘evidence-first’ accounts provide little guidance for what makes speculation productive or egregious, nor how to foster the former while avoiding the latter. I examine how scientists discuss speculation and identify various functions speculations play. On this basis, I develop a ‘function-first’ account of speculation. This analysis grounds a richer discussion of when speculation is egregious and when it is productive, based in both fine-grained analysis of the speculation’s purpose, and what I call the ‘epistemic situation’ scientists face.
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This article addresses the following question: Can speculation be used in social science research or should this not be an option? The secondary literature on speculation, which is minimal, is presented and discussed. It is noted that natural scientists often differentiate between a scientific form of speculation and the old metaphysical form of speculation. Following the lead of Charles Lave and James March in An Introduction to Models in the Social Sciences, close attention is also paid to the kind of speculation that is part of ordinary research, as opposed to the extraordinary type of speculation that can be found in the work of geniuses like Newton or Galileo. An attempt is then made to outline situations in which it is not only helpful but also necessary to speculate in social science. It is concluded that speculation is an important tool for social scientists if used with caution.
Genius
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This article attempts to elaborate the confusion in the terms risk and speculation by explaining the differences between the two, as well as the relationship between them.This article also explains the concept of classifying speculation into positive and negative and formulates and analyzes indicators of both. The research method used is a qualitative method with a comparative study approach. The data sources are classical books, journal articles, related dissertations, dictionaries, economic dictionaries and internet articles. The data collection and analysis are done deductively. The results of this study are: 1. There is a close relationship between risk and speculation. Speculation is sometimes used to mean risk (positive speculation), and sometimes it is used to mean negative speculation; 2. Positive speculation is speculation that has a small possibility of loss, occurs in derivative activities, contains large benefits, is harmless and does not contain elements of akl al-mal bilbathil;3. Negative speculation is speculation that has a large chance of loss, occurs in major economic activities, contains great danger, is not beneficial and contains elements of akl al-mal bilbathil. 4. Not all speculation is forbidden by Islam. Only negative speculation is forbidden.
Confusion
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This paper presents and tests a model of house price speculation. The mechanisms by which price speculation may occur in the housing market are described and formalised. A model of house prices is constructed that allows for speculation. Aspects of this model are tested using time-series data for the UK and the Greater London area (1969-95). Overall, the analysis presents some evidence of the process of speculation as a possible determinant of house prices in the London and UK-wide housing markets.
House price
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Semiclassical methods provide important tools for approximating solutions in quantum mechanics. In several cases these methods are intriguingly exact rather than approximate, as has been shown by direct calculations on particular systems. In this paper we prove that the long-conjectured exactness of the supersymmetry-based semiclassical quantization condition for broken supersymmetry is a consequence of the additive shape invariance for the corresponding potentials.
Semiclassical physics
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In a recent paper [Takatsuka, Takahashi, Koh and Yamashita, J. Chem. Phys. 126 (2007), 021104], it was shown that the semiclassical quantization of chaos can be accurately achieved only with the phases (the action and Maslov phases) without use of the amplitude (preexponential) factor, which is known to diverge exponentially in chaos. The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of the semiclassical amplitude in energy quantization from various points of view, and we actually show that it is indeed quite limited. Therefore even chaos is quantized mainly by the phase constructive and destructive interferences.
Semiclassical physics
Constructive
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Much empirical research has already been conducted in order to analyze how speculation affects commodity and especially food prices. This paper examines the effects of speculation based on the most recent research. It is time to break with the innumerable studies examining the same material, yet always reaching different conclusions. Investigations using econometrics prove neither an influence of speculation on prices, nor the contrary. This paper explains however that speculation influences spot prices of commodities and food if it creates a significant excess demand over a significant time period. In this case speculation might be seen as harmful and unethical, why regulation should be discussed.
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Present day Quantum Field Theory (QFT) is founded on canonical quantization, which has served quite well but also has led to several issues. The free field describing a free particle (with no interaction term) can suddenly become nonrenormalizable the instant a suitable interaction term appears. For example, using canonical quantization , has been deemed a “free” theory with no difference from a truly free field [1] [2]. Using the same model, affine quantization has led to a truly interacting theory [3]. This fact alone asserts that canonical and affine tools of quantization deserve to be open to their procedures together as a significant enlargement of QFT.
Free field
Free particle
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Although the semiclassical quantization condition of a general (asymmetric) double minimum potential has been known for some time it has only been applied to the simpler symmetric case. In this work, new versions of a method for evaluating higher-order semiclassical phase integrals are applied to semiclassical quantization of an asymmetric double minimum potential. The quantization condition is discussed and energy eigenvalues for a model potential are determined in the first- , third- , and fifth-order phase integral approximations. Agreement of three, five, and seven significant digits, respectively, where the exact quantum mechanical eigenenergies are obtained.
Semiclassical physics
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