Beta Cell Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress and S6K1 Activation in Pancreas in the Zucker Obese Rat Model

Background. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term regulation of pancreatic β-cell volume after pancreas transplantation into adult rats. Methods. A syngeneic pancreaticoduodenal transplantation was made in normoglycemic Wistar-Furth rats. By this means, the recipients doubled their pancreatic islet volume. Nine months after transplantation, the total β-cell volume was measured in serial pancreatic sections immunostained for insulin from both the native and transplanted pancreata, and in the native pancreas of age-matched Wistar-Furth rats that did not receive transplants. Results. No changes in the volume of individual β-cells were seen. A 50% decrease in total β-cell volume was observed in both the native and transplanted pancreas when compared with that of age-matched controls. However, the combined β-cell volumes of the native and transplanted pancreas in the rats that received transplants were similar to those of the native pancreas in control animals. No signs of increased apoptosis in any of the glands could be seen during the first postoperative week or after 9 months. Conclusions. These findings provide evidence of a negative feedback system, which regulates the total β-cell volume to the levels seen in age-matched rats that did not receive transplants. The underlying mechanisms for the decreased β-cell volume are unknown, but may involve a diminished replicatory rate of the β-cells.

Pancreas transplantation

Islet cell transplantation

10.1097/00007890-199811270-00023

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Important Role of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Huntington’s Disease

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2011)

Isaac Túnez Fernando Sánchez‐López Eduardo Agüera Ricardo Fernández‐Bolaños Francisco Manuel Sánchez

This study examined global oxidative stress (GOS) and antioxidant system and their correlation with disease stage in 19 patients with HD. The results revealed an increase in oxidative stress biomarkers and a reduction in antioxidant systems in HD patients. The effects were more intense in HD1 than in HD2 patients. Additionally, carbonylated proteins and GOS were correlated with disease stage. These findings suggest that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HD.

Pathogenesis

10.1021/jm200605a

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A BAD portion of glucose can be good for inflamed beta cells

Nature Metabolism (2020)

Christian Frezza

BETA (programming language)

10.1038/s42255-020-0198-5

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: The modulatory potential of herbal antioxidants against oxidative stress and heavy metal pollution: plants against environmental oxidative stress

Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021)

Navid Omidifar Amir Nili‐Ahmadabadi Amin Nakhostin-Ansari Kamran Bagheri Lankarani Mohsen Moghadami

Arsenic toxicity

10.1007/s11356-021-16530-6

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Oxidative Stress in Relation to Aging and Exercise

Encyclopedia (2022)

Dimphna Verhaegen Kelly Smits Nádia Osório Armando Caseiro

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of the oxidants, resulting in disruption of redox signaling and control and causing molecular damage. Oxidative stress is related to a variety of diseases, for example, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and cancer. It might be that oxidative stress, and, more specifically, reactive oxygen species (ROS), affects longevity in a subtle way through signaling. Possible therapies to reduce oxidative stress in the elderly are nutritional intervention (for example, caloric restriction (CR)) and exercise. Exercise is associated with favorable changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes and the oxidative stress status in general. A diet with CR also seems to be a promising way to reduce oxidative stress by decreasing oxidant emission and improving antioxidant mechanisms. A better understanding of where the antioxidant mechanisms in the elderly fail could be a big step forward in developing new therapies (such as exercise or diet) that prevent oxidative damage and cellular dysfunction with age.

10.3390/encyclopedia2030105

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The overexpression of 11 type 1 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in pancreatic beta cells prevents beta cell failure induced by a fatty regime

Diabetes & Metabolism (2012)

Sophie Turban X. Liu Lindsay Ramage Scott P. Webster Brian R. Walker

BETA (programming language)

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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma

Current Opinion in Pharmacology (2012)

Vicki Chrysostomou Fatemeh Rezania Ian A. Trounce Jonathan G. Crowston

10.1016/j.coph.2012.09.008

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Steroids (2017)

Mavis A.A. Tenkorang Brina Snyder Rebecca L. Cunningham

10.1016/j.steroids.2017.12.010

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Susquehanna Chorale Spring Concert "Roots and Wings"

Deborah Hawkins

The nationally-recognized Susquehanna Chorale will delight audiences of all ages with a diverse mix of classic and contemporary pieces. The ChoraleAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂ¢AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂs performances have been described as AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂ¢AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂemotionally unfiltered, honest music making, successful in their aim to make the audience feel, to be moved, to be part of the performance - and all this while working at an extremely high musical level.AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂ¢AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂ Experience choral singing that will take you to new heights!

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