Adolescent Time Perspective: Temporal Dimensions and Implications for Psychological Development
Zena R. MelloJames AndrettaDilrani BhadareEmilene J. FearnMichael GalavizElizabeth HartmannAdena YoungFrank C. Worrell
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The article aims to explore the ralationship between different financial behaviours and temporal perspective. Psychological time is defined and measured in different ways. In the studies presented in the current paper a concept by Philip Zimbardo and John Boyd (2009) was used. It distinguishes five temporal perspectives: (a) past-positive, (b) past-negative, (c) present-hedonistic, (d) present-fatalistic, (e) future. In order to measure this construct, a 15-item short version of Time Perspective Inventory (Short Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, SZTPI, Zhang, Howell, Bowerman, 2013) was used. Two experiments using representative (of Polish society) samples were carried out (numbers of participants were 360 and 1090). Different financial behaviours were measured: saving, investing, insurance, and loan raising. Also, their relationship with temporal perspective was looked at (SZTPI). The results revealed a relationship between temporal perspective and financial actions: a higher level of hedonistic-present perspective encouraged cash loans, and a higher level of future perspective was associated with mortgages. Future perspective was beneficial in terms of saving and insurance. High level of fatalistic-present perspective encouraged financial passivity
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We all have our time machines, don't we.Those that take us back are memories...And those that carry us forward, are dreams. H.G
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Recent researches about time perspective both in China and around the world are summarized in the paper.As to the concept,time perspective is defined in an integrative and multiple-dimension way.As to the theory,foreign researchers proposed five-factor(past negative,present hedonistic,future,past positive,present fatalistic) model of time perspective,balanced time perspective and transcendental-future time perspective.Some psychologists in China examined time perspective,past time perspective and future time perspective systematically and provided theoretical models.Finally,future research trends are proposed from three points.
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Samples of 84 middle and 106 late adolescents responded to the Future Time Perspective Inventory and the Personal Lifestyle Questionnaire. Statistically significant positive but weak correlations (.20-.26) were found between length of future time perspective and the practice of positive health behaviors in both samples. Subscale analyses of individual health practices in relation to future time perspective yielded some statistically significant positive but weak correlations for both samples.
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The authors propose that the salience of a distant-future time perspective, compared to a near-future time perspective, should increase attitude-behaviour and attitude-intention consistency for future-oriented behaviours. To test this prediction, time perspective was experimentally manipulated in three studies. Across studies, participants in the distant-future time perspective condition demonstrated a strong positive relationship between attitudes towards future-oriented behaviours (saving and environmental protection) and corresponding intentions, as well as between attitudes and behaviour. In the near-future time perspective condition, the relationship between attitudes and intentions and attitudes and behaviour was significantly weaker than in the distant-future time perspective condition. The theoretical implications of these results and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Measurement of Time Perspective Time Perspective Profiles and Findings from Time Perspective Research Balanced Time Perspective Time Perspective and Well-Being Critiques and Future Research Directions Applications of Time Perspective Conclusion
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