Fluorite
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The water curtain (WC) system has been applied to the greenhouse agricultural practice as an additional heat source during the cold season in South Korea. Thus, heavy groundwater extraction induces a drawdown of the groundwater level and an influx of adjacent surface water into the aquifers. Along with many reports on physicochemical transitions caused by groundwater–surface water mixing, not much knowledge exists about the resulting possible shifts and/or transitions of the subsurface and/or groundwater microbial community structures. Here, we studied a WC system's active site during a winter season to evaluate potential shifts of microbial community structures across the groundwater and surface water by next generation sequencing in combination with conventional physicochemical monitoring of groundwater. We found that there were shifts of groundwater microbial communities at groundwater (WJ-1 and WJ-2) near the adjacent stream, but there was a relatively delayed response of the community in the groundwater (WJ-3) located at some distance from surface water despite proximity to the wells of heavy groundwater extraction.
Drawdown (hydrology)
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Distribution characteristics of the shallow high-fluoride groundwater in Taiyuan basin are discussed in this paper. It is indicated that the shallow high-fluoride groundwater is mainly distributed in the southern area of Taiyuan basin, and F~-concentration is getting higher from west to east. A statistical analysis of the groundwater hydrochemical compositions and hydrochemical model reveals that the high-fluoride water is mainly high-mineral water and has characteristics of the transitional groundwater type, i.e., it is dominantly alkaline groundwater of NaCa or NaMg type. F~-contents are consistent with the proportions of the main ions in the groundwater. During the evolution of the high-fluoride groundwater, the hydrochemical actions of dissolution and evaporation control the variation of F~-contents.
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Whole of people living in KUMAMOTO area are using groundwater for drinking water. The amount of groundwater for drinking use is over 200 million cubic meter per year. Main recharging area of this groundwater bain is farm area which exists in middle SHIRA-River. But recently, groundwater level shows a yearly decrease. In this paper, the authors shows the change of groundwater level in KUMAMOTO groundwater basin and discuss the cause of this decrease of groundwater level. As the results, we show that decrease of groundwater level is mainly caused by decreasing of paddy field area. Moreover, we show the plan for recovering the groundwater and estimate the effect of this plan by field experiment.
Paddy field
Groundwater discharge
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Abstract The value of groundwater lies in its widespread occurrence and availability and also its consistent good quality. Groundwater, on the whole, is cleaner than most surface water and maintains a nearly uniform temperature. As groundwater moves through the subsurface, physical, chemical, and biological processes interact to change its original quality. The earth materials through which groundwater moves act as natural filters to screen out some bacteria and some impurities from the water. Groundwater is usually clear and colorless and of excellent sanitary quality, making it drinkable directly as withdrawn. This does not mean, however, that groundwater is completely free of impurities. In fact, all groundwater contains some dissolved minerals.
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Groundwater utilization as a source of clean water for the community increases, both for domestic and non-domestic needs, thus lowering the groundwater table. The Dayeuhkolot area is part of the Bandung-Soreang Groundwater Basin, which has a groundwater table decline resulting from excessive groundwater utilization. The Experimental Station of Groundwater modeled the groundwater condition in 2010-2020 concluded that the groundwater decline for a particular area reaches up to 50 m. This study aims to analyze the potential for groundwater table restoration that can be carried out at the research location by reducing groundwater utilization through the substitution of surface water use. The prospect of surface water that can be utilized can be identified by identifying its quantity and quality for the feasibility of using surface water as a substitute for groundwater utilization to implement the concept of conjunctive use. Groundwater modeling is carried out with a substitution scheme for groundwater utilization with surface water. Modeling results show that the reduction in groundwater utilization positively impacts the restoration of the water table level. Based on the model result, the groundwater level can recover as high as 2.37 m from 2020 conditions.
Conjunctive use
Groundwater model
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Based on dynamic monitoring data of groundwater observation wells,the authors analyzed the dynamic variation trend and reason of main groundwater type in Changchun.Since 2000,the groundwater level has been in picking up state,and the depth of pore-water decreased for 0.16 m in loosening rocks and about 0.78 m in bedrock fissure water reduccd for each year,which was mainly caused by exploitation restriction of groundwater.The tendency of groundwater level of typical observation holes shows the groundwater level in shallow layer is closely related to air temperature,but there is a response lag for about 1～1.5 months.
Bedrock
Water well
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To properly manage the groundwater resources, it is necessary to analyze the impact of groundwater withdrawal on the groundwater level. In this study, a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network was used to evaluate the groundwater level prediction performance and analyze the impact of the change in the amount of groundwater withdrawal from the pumping wells on the change in the groundwater level in the nearby monitoring wells located in Jeju Island, Korea. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency between the observed and simulated groundwater level was over 0.97. Therefore, the groundwater prediction performance of LSTM was remarkably high. If the groundwater level is simulated on the assumption that the future withdrawal amount is reduced by 1/3 of the current groundwater withdrawal, the range of the maximum rise of the groundwater level would be 0.06–0.13 m compared to the current condition. In addition, assuming that no groundwater is taken, the range of the maximum increase in the groundwater level would be 0.11–0.38 m more than the current condition. Therefore, the effect of groundwater withdrawal on the groundwater level in this area was exceedingly small. The method and results can be used to develop new groundwater withdrawal sources for the redistribution of groundwater withdrawals.
Groundwater model
Groundwater resources
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Citations (38)
Based on the analysis of the dynamic characteristics of shallow groundwater in Shijiazhuang Plain,the inter-annual and intra-annual dynamic variation law and effect elements(groundwater exploitation and precipitation) of groundwater level lowering were identified.The results showed the inter-annual falling trend of groundwater level was apparently.For each month,the inter-annual lowering rate of groundwater level was different,which showed a more rapid falling of water table during January and May than that during June and December.The variation of groundwater level was affected by the groundwater exploitation and precipitation.In terms of the inter-annual variation of groundwater level,increasing of groundwater exploitation led to the continuous lowering of groundwater level.It was showed that precipitation affected groundwater dynamic changes,according to rising or slow falling of groundwater level in wet years but rapid falling in dry years.In terms of the intra-annual variation of groundwater level,increasing of groundwater exploitation and low precipitation induced the lowering of groundwater level from March,while the increasing of precipitation and decreasing of groundwater exploitation led to the recovery of groundwater level from June.
Falling (accident)
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During the past decades,isotopic and tracer technologies are widely used for groundwater study,out of which groundwater dating using isotopes is prominent.This paper concludes that groundwater age is important in assessment of groundwater renewability,recognizing groundwater movement and mass transport process,and constraining parameters of groundwater model based on many case study examples both at home and abroad.Whereafter,this paper indicates that groundwater dating is disturbed by human activities and discrepancies of dating results are induced by using different methods of groundwater dating,as well as affected by mixing processes of groundwater and atmosphere-water-rock interactions naturally.This paper also points out that the ages of tracers in groundwater samples measured do not veritably represent those of groundwater itself,and factors influencing groundwater dating due to processes discussed above should be considered adequately.
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