Bluebottle Flies
Colin BerryJason M. MeyerMarjorie A. HoyJohn B. HeppnerWilliam TinzaaraClifford S. GoldClifford S. GoldWilliam TinzaaraBarbara BentzArturo BazJacqulyn C. PendlandDrion G. BouciasDini MillerJamie EllisJames H. CaneJohn L. CapineraMichael C. ThomasMarjorie A. HoyMarjorie A. HoyInna Ioffe-uspenskyIgor UspenskyPeter G. MasonJack SchusterSusan P. WornerKenneth W. McCravyHow-jing LeeNorma E. SánchezNancy M. GrecoClaudia V. CédolaJulio MedalMaricela MartínezJames P. CudaGeorge HangayAlison BlackwellJohn L. CapineraByron KatsoyannosPeter H. AdlerPeter G. MasonYien Shing ChowWalter J. TabachnickGeorge HangayJohn L. CapineraMurray B. IsmanDavid ReinaJavier Martı́nezEantiago HernándezIgnacio NavarretePierre JolivetJohn B. HeppnerJohn B. HeppnerJ. howard FrankJames H. TsaiIgor UspenskyKeith R. WillmottJulieta BrambilaGreg S. HodgesChyi-Chen HoCyrus AbivardiJohn B. HeppnerJohn B. HeppnerLinda wienerJaret C. Daniels
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The genetic and evolutionary relationships of the Australian cockatoos (excluding Probosciger) and of the cockatiel, Nymphicus hollandicus, were examined by the technique of isozyme electrophoresis. A cladistic analysis of data from 28 loci showed that Nymphicus is more closely related to cockatoos than to any ofthe non-cockatoos; accordingly Nymphicus should be included within the Cacatuinae, but in a monotypic tribe. The other genera form two well defined groupings. One comprises all of the white cockatoos (Cacatua) and the gang gang Callocephalon fimbriatum, and the other, the black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus). Within the white cacatuine cockatoos there seem to be at least two minor groups. One, clearly indicated by the electrophoretic data, comprises the galah Cacatua roseicapilla and Australo-Papuan corellas, all of which have short plain crests and usually coloured periophthalmic skin. The other, neither denied nor confirmed biochemically, is a looser assemblage characterized by coloured up-curving crests and plain periophthalmic skin; it included the sulphur-crested cockatoo Cacatua galerita and the pink cockatoo Cacatua leadbeateri, and their allospecies on islands north of Australia. Isozyme electrophoresis of the loci examined in this study could not differentiate members of the Calyptorhynchus funereus superspecies, nor of the Cacatua tenuirostris-pastinator group of corellas. The results are therefore in accord with other studies that show that isozyme electrophoresis has limited application in elucidating species boundaries in birds.
Psittaciformes
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Abstract Eggs of 3 new species of feather mites of the genus Genoprotolichus Gaud & Atyeo (Pterolichoidea, Pterolichidae) and 3 new species of the genus Protonyssus Trouessart (Analgoidea, Xolalgidae) were taken from 3 species of New World parrots, namely, Aratinga holochlora (Sclater), A. canicularis (L.) and the extinct Conuropsis carolinensis (L.). Among congeners, egg shape and ornamentation were similar, and oviposition sites were identical.
Psittaciformes
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Parakeet
Mallophaga
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Reptile parasites imported from the wild differ from those grown in captivity. Thus, captive-grown reptiles tolerate the process of disadaptation better than imported wild animals, even under proper conditions of keeping and feeding. It should be noted that determining the origin of reptiles is sometimes difficult or impossible. For this, special methods are needed. In this regard, the purpose of research was to confirm or refute the theory, in reptiles from different places of residence, various parasites are found. We studied panther chameleons (Furcifer pardalis) imported from the wild and raised in captivity. To determine the parasites in the laboratory, methods of native smear, sequential washing and flotation were used. 10 species of intestinal parasites were found in panther chameleons imported from the wild, in particular Trematoda gen. sp. 1, Tremaitoda gen. sp. 2, Cestoda gen. sp., Spinicauda freitasi (Olfers, 1919), Hexametra angusticaecoides (Chabaud et Brygoo, 1960), Pharyngodonidae gen. sp., spirurates of the genus Thubunaea sp., larvae of the family Rhabdiasidae gen. sp., flagellates from the series Kinetoplastida gen. sp. and Eimeria sp, with prevalence 87.56%. In panther chameleons grown in captivity only Pharyngodonidae gen. sp. was found, prevalence was 94.05%. It is noted that under appropriate conditions of keeping and feeding in captive panther chameleons, a small number of parasites with a direct development cycle and their insignificant toxic effect on the body can develop
Captivity
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Studied the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Acomys (represented by A. minous) to other rodent genera of the famiIies Muridae and Arvicolidae (represented by Mus domesticus, Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus flavicollis, and Microtus (Terricola) thomasi, respectively). A total of 51 adult individuals of both sexes were used to determine the albumin differentiation by means of the microcomplement fixation test (MC'F). The immunological distances of Acomys from the murid taxa were found to be greater than that of the Microtus (T.) thomasi to the murid species tested. This means that the Acomys evolutionary lineage splitted off earlier than the appearence of the common ancestor of murids and arvicolids, at a time of 22-27 million ears before present
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Muridae
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Animal ecology
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Abstract The karyotypes of three vespertilionid bat species from Turkey were examined. The karyotypes of these species were found as 2n=44, NF=54 and NFa=50 for Myotis myotis; 2n=42, NF=50, and NFa=46 for Myotis bechsteinii; 2n=44, NF=54, and NFa=50 for Myotis brand- tii. The M. brandtii karyotype of was studied for the first time for Turkey. Further details on the karyotype of M. bechsteinii, which had been described previously, are given.
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Eulimdana lari (Yamaguti, 1935) n. comb. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) was found in 1 of 26 Phalaropus lobatus (L.) and 3 of 9 P. tricolor (Vieillot) collected in Canada near Deer Island, New Brunswick, and Delta, Manitoba, respectively. This is the first report of the parasite in the New World and extends the distribution of the parasite across the Holarctic. Eulimdana lari is now known from 17 species of Charadriiformes, including P. tricolor which is a new host record. It is suggested that E. lari is a parasite of shorebird communities. Eulimdana lari is redescribed and a taxonomic review of Eulimdana Founikoff, 1934 is provided, including an amended generic diagnosis and an annotated list of the five species. Heimnema Chabaud, Brygoo, and Richard, 1964 is placed in synonymy with Eulimdana. In addition to E. lari (Yamaguti, 1935) n. comb., the following changes are made: E. micropenis (Travassos, 1926) n. comb. and E. heimi (Chabaud, Brygoo, and Richard, 1964) n. comb. Eulimdana mazzantii (Railliet, 1893) Neveu-Lemaire, 1936, is considered a species inquirenda. It is pointed out that the type species, E. clava (Wedl, 1856) Founikoff, 1934 has a worldwide distribution in pigeons.
Charadriiformes
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Lung tissue of 156 rodents (genera Apodemus, Myodes, Microtus,
and Muscardinus) from the Czech Republic, 29 rodents of the
species Spalax ehrenbergi from Israel and 106 rodent specimens
from Africa (genera Heliophobius, Mastomys, Acomys, Aethomys,
Saccostomus, Tatera, Mus, Cryptomys, Dasymys, Dendromus,
Grammomys, and Steatomys) were examined for presence of
adiaspores of the fungal genus Emmonsia. In the Czech Republic,
nine (5.8 %) animals revealed adiaspores of E. crescens. The
positive samples were found in rodents sampled in three of the
five Czech areas studied. Out of six species of the Czech
rodents, three species were positive: Apodemus flavicollis,
Myodes glareolus and Microtus agrestis. A. flavicollis was the
most frequently infected species, whereas A. sylvaticus,
Microtus subterraneus and Muscardinus avellanarius were
negative. Adiaspores were recorded in five females and four
males. A significant preference of the fungus for the host sex
was not observed. Tissue samples of rodents from Africa and
Israel were all negative.
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Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene from all species of the dasyurid marsupial genus Planigale reveals several key differences with morphology-based estimates of relationship. Planigale maculata is the most divergent member of the genus, possibly forming a separate clade with Sminthopsis. Planigale ingrami, Planigale gilesi, and Planigale novaeguinea form a clade in which the latter two are probably sister species. The position of Planigale tenuirostris is less well resolved, but it appears to be related to the P. ingrami clade. Cytochrome-b sequences from two specimens collected in the Pilbara region of western Australia are highly divergent from other planigales and from each other and may represent previously unrecognized species.
Sister group
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