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    Effect of Immediate versus Early Oral Hydration on Caesarean Section Postoperative Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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    Abstract:
    Background: caesarean sections performed every year are increasing in number dramatically all over the world.So, it became very important to give more attention for their postoperative care.Aim of the Work: to evaluate the effect of immediate oral hydration initiated within 2 hours after uncomplicated caesarean section on the following post-operative outcomes: post-operative vomiting and abdominal distention, post-operative nausea and abdominal pain, the return of intestinal movements, duration of intravenous fluid administration, duration of hospital stay and participant satisfaction.Patients and Methods: this randomized controlled study was conducted at Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital.It was carried during the period from July 2016 to July 2017.140 women, all of them underwent uncomplicated cesarean section under regional anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups.In the immediate group: oral hydration was received in the first 2 hours postoperatively, and in the early group: oral hydration was received after 8 hours postoperatively.Results: all the results of the postoperative outcomes of both groups had non-significant differences except for the psychological satisfaction which was significantly higher in the immediate group with a (p<0.001).Conclusion: immediate oral hydration group showed non-significant differences comparing with early oral hydration group regarding most of the postoperative outcomes, but the results were relatively better towards the immediate group.Also, immediate hydration is significantly better than early hydration regarding psychological satisfaction of women, allowing them to be more able to breastfeed their kids and to spend a less stressful time in the hospital.
    Seperti pada dewasa, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik kini makin popular digunakan oleh ahli anestesikarena keuntungannya. Namun demikian selalu ada risiko dan kemungkinan timbulnya komplikasi dari setiap tindakan yang dilakukan, termasuk tindakan anestesi regional pada pediatrik. Insidensi komplikasi anestesi regional pada pediatrik tidak banyak, dan kalaupun terjadi komplikasi adalah minor. Komplikasi bisa diakibatkan dari identifikasi ruang saraf, alat, obat, teknis tindakan anestesi regionalnya dan komplikasi lainnya.Walaupun tidak banyak kejadian komplikasi regional anestesi yang dilaporkan pada pediatrik, dan bukanlah komplikasi yang fatal, teknik regional anestesi pada pediatrik harus dilakukan dengan lebih hatihati, pertimbangan risiko dan keuntungannya untuk menghindari terjadinya komplikasi, terlebih karena kebanyakan komplikasi dapat dihindari dengan mempelajari teknik yang benar, menggunakan peralatan yang sesuai, dan sangat menerapkan prinsip keamanan pada pasien dengan baik.
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    Genentech is partnering with the German cancer company Affimed to develop immunotherapies for multiple kinds of solid and blood cancers. Affimed is developing therapies that engage natural killer cells of the innate immune system to help direct them to attack cancer cells. Genentech will pay Affimed $96 million up front and up to $5 billion more in potential payments.
    We evaluated maternal complications in relation to number of previous caesarean sections in Princess Badea Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan. Analysis of the medical records of 1739 patients delivered by caesarean section was conducted. It revealed a 14-fold increase in the risk of caesarean hysterectomy in patients with placenta praevia and previous caesarean section compared to patients with placenta praevia and no previous caesarean section. The risk of caesarean hysterectomy increased with increasing number of previous caesarean sections. Those with 3 or more previous caesarean sections were at significantly higher risk of blood transfusion. Post-operative pyrexia was commoner in women with 3 or more previous caesarean sections compared to those undergoing their first one.
    Elective caesarean section
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