Current practice in the measurement and interpretation of intervention adherence in randomised controlled trials: A systematic review
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Ideally all participants in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) should fully receive their allocated intervention; however, this rarely occurs in practice. Intervention adherence affects Type II error so influences the interpretation of trial results and subsequent implementation. We aimed to describe current practice in the definition, measurement, and reporting of intervention adherence in non-pharmacological RCTs, and how this data is incorporated into a trial's interpretation and conclusions.We conducted a systematic review of phase III RCTs published between January 2018 and June 2020 in the National Institute for Health Research Journals Library for the Health Technology Assessment, Programme Grants for Applied Research, and Public Health Research funding streams.Of 237 reports published, 76 met the eligibility criteria and were included. Most RCTs (n = 68, 89.5%) reported adherence, though use of terminology varied widely; nearly three quarters of these (n = 49, 72.1%) conducted a sensitivity analysis. Adherence measures varied between intervention types: behavioural change (n = 10, 43.5%), psychological therapy (n = 5, 83.3%) and physiotherapy/rehabilitation (n = 8, 66.7%) interventions predominately measured adherence based on session attendance. Whereas medical device and surgical interventions (n = 17, 73.9%) primarily record the number of participants receiving the allocated intervention, a third (n = 33, 67.3%) of studies reported a difference in findings between primary and sensitivity analyses.Although most trials report elements of adherence, terminology was inconsistent, and there was no systematic approach to its measurement, analyses, interpretation, or reporting. Given the importance of adherence within clinical trials, there is a pressing need for a standardised approach or framework.Keywords:
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This paper elaborates on the personal reflections about the implementation of terminology education.It is reflected on the issues relating to the definition of the terminology education,what is terminology awareness and why do we implement terminology education and how do we develop it.These are the key questions that must be answered firstly before launching the terminology education in Chinese universities.
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How to define terminology is one of the most important problems in terminology theory. This paper sets out the different viewpoints of the Russia terminology school. Lastly, the author makes a attempt to give his personal definition to terminology.
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Summary Translation activities have long been on the rise since Turkey committed itself to join the European Union. The majority of the translation activities fall into the category of technical translation in Turkey, which is an indicator of the significance of terminology. Problems encountered in translating technical texts can be solved with the help of terminology databases. Unfortunately, the importance of such databases has not been recognized in Turkey yet. Furthermore, the lack of consistency in terms used in translations stands out as a problem. The lack of established terminology networks for specific fields is also a major problem for the public organizations which are in close contacts with EU bodies. Consistency in the use of terms in translations produced by various departments or institutions is a must for sound translations. Such an inconsistency leads to economic losses due to different interpretations of the same translated texts. In this regard, launching an EU-funded project on terminology called TermTurk became a must in order to attract the attention of private and public bodies to the importance of terminology. Accordingly, this paper presents the TermTurk project as a terminology policy case in Turkey.
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Abstract: With the present paper we intend to explore the benefits of terminology centres in managing terminology, more specifically, computer science terminology. Our analysis is focused on the "Terminology Information and Research Centre" (Centrul de Informare şi Cercetare Terminologicâ – C.I.C.T) developed within the Department of Computer Science at the Politehnica University of Timisoara.
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This paper identifes various terminology users that deal with terminology from their own perspectives and thus have different needs as the intended users of terminological dictionaries. The basic difference between groups of terminology users is that only experts understand terminology as a set of designations for concepts from a conceptual system of a particular domain. They recognize terminology as designations for specialized content. Other terminology users do not deal with terminology at the conceptual level, but at the expression level. A terminological dictionary and the information contained in it should be adjusted to the intended dictionary users.
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Russian terminology school is one of the earliest and the most famous schools in the world. Apart from a great number of achievements in the terminology research, this school attaches great importance to terminology teaching. Its terminology courses brought up groups of terminology personnel, which has given impetus to the terminology theory research.
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In order to obtain lucidity, it is essential to choose adequate terminology when speaking of prehistoric houses. The understanding of house construction requires a terminology with a focus on construction. Very often, archaeologists instead use a terminology with a focus on the remains, and use an inadequate terminology for constructions, indicating that they do not fully consider howthe constructions work. The article presents some suggestions for adequate construction terminology.
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