The antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Solanum nigrum against oxidative stress
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Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical screening and in vivo antioxidant potential of Solanum nigrum against phenylhydrazine induced liver injury. The Solanum nigrum extract has significant in vitro antioxidant activity. Moreover, HPLC analysis of ethanolic Solanum nigrum extract showed revealed the presence of phenolic compounds. The Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups for in vivo analysis: G1 (negative control group), G2 (positive control group), G3 (rats receiving standard drug), and G4 (rats receiving Solanum nigrum extract i.e.1.0g/kg b.w.). The Solanum nigrum also reduced the level of liver enzyme, and bilirubin. An opposite trend was seen in the case of albumin, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Histology slides also showed the normal cell structure of hepatocytes. Gene expression analysis demonstrates the upregulation of antioxidant and anti-apoptosis genes. Conclusively, Solanum nigrum has the ability to alleviate liver toxicity in an animal model by reducing oxidative stress and downregulating the apoptosis genes.Keywords:
Solanum nigrum
Phytochemical
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Alloxan
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Damage caused by oxidative stress leads to the premature aging of cells. Mogrosides, the main active components of Siraitia grosvenorii, have strong antioxidant activity; however, it is unclear whether mogroside V (MV) exerts these effects in skin cells. This was investigated in the present study by evaluating the protective effects of MV against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in skin fibroblasts.Mouse skin fibroblasts (MSFs) were treated with H2O2 and cell viability, total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and antioxidant enzyme activity were assessed.Treatment with MV reduced the ROS level and MDA content in MSFs treated with H2O2. This was accompanied by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) activities.MV reduces H2O2-induced oxidative stress and enhances endogenous antioxidant activity in skin fibroblasts. Thus, MV can potentially be used as an ingredient in anti-aging cosmetic products.
Malondialdehyde
Skin Aging
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Introduction: Pregnancy is state of dynamic changes in body systemsresulting in increased oxygen consumption. Pregnancy is associated withoxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), are main causes of oxidativestress (OS) which are generated constantly by external and internal stimuli.ROS causes cellular injury by attacking the phospholipids of cell membranesand reacting with polyunsaturated fatty acids commonly associated withdisorders of pregnancy. Aim of this study was to evaluate the level of pro-oxidant and antioxidant in healthy non pregnant and pregnant women.Materials and methods: Parameters of the oxidative status Malondialdehydeand antioxidant Superoxide dismutase and Catalase was estimated in serumof 35 non pregnant and 35 pregnant women in the age group of 20-40 years.Results: Findings were, that there was an increase in Malondialdehyde levels(p<0.0001) and a decrease in superoxide dismutase and catalase activities(P<0.0001 and P<0.0001) in pragnent women significantly.Conclusion: This study shows that there was difference in oxidative statusdue to dynamic changes in body and circulation that are inherent. Duringpregnancy oxidative stress is increased that can be fatal to the health of themother and the fetus.Keywords: Oxidative stress, Antioxidants, Normal pregnancy, Whole blood,Serum, MDA, SOD, Catalase
Malondialdehyde
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We evaluated the effect of overexpressing antioxidant enzymes on the lifespans of transgenic mice that overexpress copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase, or combinations of either CuZnSOD and catalase or CuZnSOD and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Our results show that the overexpression of these major antioxidant enzymes, which are known to scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments, is insufficient to extend lifespan in mice.
Dismutase
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Reactive oxygen species(ROS) produced by alga cells under the environmental stress can cause damages of alga cells,but cells are able to remove reactive oxygen by many means to protect cells for acclimation so as to build a potent recovery system including antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide Dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT).Effects of inorganic salts(N,P and salinity) on the antioxidant enzymes activities of Scrippsiella trochoidea were investigated in the present study.According to orthogonal experiment,antioxidant enzymes activities of Scrippsiella trochoidea cells cultured under different conditions were determined periodically.The results indicated that the variation of inorganic salts content has different degree effects on antioxidant enzymes activities.The varying of P content is the main contributor to the change of SOD and CAT activities,and the effects on SOD activities of N content is merely weaker than P.Salinity reveals no considerable effects on SOD and its effect on CAT activities is different at different phase.
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