Cross-cultural adaptation of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale in Greek clinical population
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Abstract:
Catastrophizing is an important psychological construct in mediating the behavioral response toward pain.The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) in Greek clinical population.The scale was administered in 376 patients with chronic cervical and lumbar pain. Test-retest reliability, internal consistency (Cronbach α ) and concurrent validity were assessed. Exploratory (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were used to test the factorial validity of the hypothesized three factor structure.The PCS factors suggested high levels of test-retest reliability, whereas Cronbachs' α values were acceptable. The EFA yielded a three-factor solution and indicated a marginal fit to the data. CFA procedures indicated a rather acceptable fit to the data. The concurrent validity of the instrument was confirmed.PCS seems to be a reliable and valid instrument in Greek patients with chronic cervical and lumbar pain.Keywords:
Exploratory factor analysis
Pain catastrophizing
Concurrent validity
Aim To develop an end‐of‐life care management scale to assess care for older adults who wish to remain at home, and examine its reliability and validity. Methods An item pool was created based on a literature review, and the 46‐item, tentative version of end‐of‐life care management scale was developed. Next, a cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 2583 care managers using a self‐reported questionnaire. An exploratory factor analysis was used to evaluate the scale's internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha. Intra‐rater reliability was evaluated using the correlation with a repeat test. Construct validity and criterion‐related validity were determined using a confirmatory factor analysis, and correlations between this scale and previous scales, respectively. Results Valid responses were obtained from 477 care managers. Exploratory factor analyses identified 23 items from four factors: “further the teamwork to realize the individual's wishes,” “rapid care planning that anticipates changes in the situation,” “support to family members preparing for end‐of‐life care at home” and “support to become familiar with the older adult's views of life, death and suffering.” Cronbach's alpha was 0.819 for the entire scale and ≥0.709 for each factor. The intraclass correlation coefficient of the test–retest ranged from 0.756 to 0.863. The correlation coefficients between the previous scales and the entire scale ranged from 0.569 to 0.795 ( P < 0.001). Conclusions The scale showed acceptable internal consistency and concurrent validity. Care managers' use of this scale might improve quality of care management and fulfil older adults' wishes to remain at home during the end‐of‐life period. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 131–140 .
Exploratory factor analysis
End-of-Life Care
Concurrent validity
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Exploratory factor analysis
Health psychology
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The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) is a short screening tool developed to identify, with good sensitivity, non-specific psychological distress in the general population. Sensitivity and specificity of the K-10 have been examined in various clinical populations in South Africa; however, other psychometric properties, such as construct validity and factor structure, have not been evaluated. We present evidence of the prevalence and severity of psychological distress in an outpatient setting in South Africa and evaluate the internal reliability, construct validity, and factor structure of the K-10 in this population.We explored prevalence estimates of psychological distress using previously established cutoffs and assessed the reliability (consistency) of the K-10 by calculating Cronbach's alpha, item-total correlations and omega total and hierarchical coefficients. Construct validity and factor structure of the K-10 were examined through split-sample exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), comparing several theoretical models and the EFA.Overall, there was low prevalence of psychological distress in our sample of 2591 adults, the majority of whom were between the ages of 18-44 (77.7%). The K-10 showed good construct validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84 and omega total of 0.88. EFA yielded a four-factor solution with likely measurement artifacts. CFA showed that the four-factor model from EFA displayed the best comparative fit indices, but was likely overfitted. The unidimensional model with correlated errors was deemed the best fitting model based on fit indices, prior theory, and previous studies.The K-10 displays adequate psychometric properties, good internal reliability, and good fit with a unidimensional-factor structure with correlated errors. Further work is required to determine appropriate cutoff values in different populations and clinical subgroups within South Africa to aid in determining the K-10's clinical utility.
Psychological research
Factor (programming language)
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Abstract Background The Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) is a reliable and valid scale for assessing mental health nurses’ attitude towards providing physical healthcare to patients diagnosed with serious mental illness. Aims To psychometrically evaluate the Chinese adaptation of the PHASe. Methods A total of 520 mental health nurses from 11 hospitals across Taiwan participated in this study. Brislin’s translation model was utilized for the validation process. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to establish the construct validity of the scale, and Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were used to determine reliability. Results The four-factor 17-item Chinese version of the PHASe demonstrated satisfactory fit with significant factor loadings. Each factor had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70 to 0.80). Known-group validity was supported by the significant differences between groups with different attitudes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of PHASe is acceptable for evaluating nurses’ attitude towards providing physical health care both within culturally Chinese societies and in cross-cultural studies.
Exploratory factor analysis
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Exploratory factor analysis
Concurrent validity
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Abstract Background The Physical Health Attitude Scale (PHASe) is a reliable and valid scale for assessing mental health nurses’ attitude towards providing physical healthcare to patients diagnosed with serious mental illness. Aims To psychometrically evaluate the Chinese adaptation of the PHASe. Methods A total of 520 mental health nurses from 11 hospitals across Taiwan participated in this study. Brislin’s translation model was utilized for the validation process. Both exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to establish the construct validity of the scale, and Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability were used to determine reliability. Results The four-factor 17-item Chinese version of the PHASe demonstrated satisfactory fit with significant factor loadings. Each factor had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.70 to 0.80). Known-group validity was supported by the significant differences between groups with different attitudes. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the Chinese version of PHASe is acceptable for evaluating nurses’ attitude towards providing physical health care both within culturally Chinese societies and in cross-cultural studies.
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Objective: Mental health services in Australia are increasingly becoming recovery orientated. However, there are varying meanings for recovery and few measures that specifically target recovery outcomes. The current study aimed to assess the construct and concurrent validity of a patient self-report measure, the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS). Method: Participants were 168 individuals with severe and persistent psychiatric disability who were participants in the Australian Integrated Mental Health Initiative (AIMhi) project. They completed self-report recovery and other mental health measures and their case workers completed the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to examine the factor structure of the RAS. Results: Exploratory factor analysis of the RAS produced five factors that were replicated using confirmatory techniques. Each factor has satisfactory internal reliability (Cronbach α range = 0.73–0.91). The factors displayed convergent validity with positive and significant correlations with other recovery measures. Concurrent validity was demonstrated with significant but lower correlations with symptoms and clinician-rated measures of psychiatric functioning. Conclusion: The factors of the RAS are consistent with the consumer literature on recovery. Correlations with other variable suggest that the RAS is measuring something different from traditional symptom or functional mental health measures. Further research is needed to clarify the extent to which the RAS is able to capture the range of recovery experiences that have been described by patients.
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Aim: The aim of this study was to develop the Rational Drug Use Scale which can be used to determine the knowledge, attitude and behaviors of patients for rational drug use according to the Theory of Planned Behavior. Methods: The sample of this methodological study consisted of 550 patients who are being admitted to a Family Health Center. In the validity study of the Rational Drug Use Scale; content validity (content validity rate), construct validity (exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis) and criterion validity (Pearson's correlation analysis) were evaluated. In reliability analysis; internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient) and item analysis were used. Results: The mean age of the patients was 53.00±9.62 years and 66.9% of them were female. It was found that there was consistence between the expert views on the items of scale (90.71%). As a result of the exploratory factor analysis for construct validity, 36-item scale with 6 factors was reached. After confirmatory factor analysis, it was determined that the model was acceptable with data. For criterion validity, equivalence analysis was performed and Morisky 8-item Medication Adherence Scale was used. A significant positive correlation was found between Morisky 8-item Medication Adherence Scale (X=5.57±2.26) and Rational Drug Use Scale (X=51.04 ± 7.39) mean scores. The Rational Drug Use Scale Cronbach's alpha was found 0.85. Conclusion: It was determined that Rational Drug Use Scale was a valid and reliable measurement tool. Accordingly, it may be advisable to use Rational Drug Use Scale to assess patients' knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards rational drug use.
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The study provided validity and reliability evidence of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) in Greek patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The FSS was administered to 72 MS patients, without co morbid fatigue and 75 matched paired controls with respect to gender and age. Both groups responded to the FSS, SF-36v2, BDI-II and a demographic questionnaire on two time points separated by a 1-week interval. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test construct validity, concurrent and divergent validity, internal and test-retest reliability were also examined. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, intercorrelations with BDI-II (r = 0.552, p < 0.01) and SF-36v2 vitality (r = −0.715, p < 0.01) and physical functioning (r = −0.673, p < 0.01) subscales, and differences between patients and non patients (t (145) = 6.007, p < 0.001), revealed sufficient construct, concurrent and divergent validity evidence. The factor analysis demonstrated a unidimensional structure Cronbach alpha (0.953) and ICC (0.889) was high, indicating that the responses of our sample were internally consistent and stable across time. The Greek version of FSS is valid and reliable and may be used by clinicians and researchers to assess fatigue of Greek MS patients.
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Concurrent validity
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Varimax rotation
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Item analysis
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