First phytochemical study of six tree and shrub species with high health-promoting potential from Madagascar: Innovative uses for food and medicinal applications
6
Citation
31
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Keywords:
Phytochemical
Flavonols
Cinnamic acid
Forty-one apple samples, representing eight of the most widely cultivated varieties in western Europe, were collected in Trentino, Italy. Samples were extracted from fresh fruit with a mixture of acetone/water to achieve a good extraction of polyphenols, including proanthocyanidin oligomers which were analyzed by normal-phase HPLC. Up to 20 compounds including catechin, epicatechin, B2 procyanidin, hydroxycinnamates, flavonols, anthocyanins, and dihydrochalcones were analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC and LC-MS. Total polyphenol content was independently measured with an optimized Folin−Ciocalteu assay. The mean content of total polyphenols lay between 66.2 and 211.9 mg/100 g of FW depending on the variety. With chromatographic analysis, it was possible to explain the whole amount of total polyphenols measured by the FC assay. Flavanols (catechin and proanthocyanidins) are the major class of apple polyphenols (71−90%), followed by hydroxycinnamates (4−18%), flavonols (1−11%), dihydrochalcones (2−6%), and in red apples anthocyanins (1−3%). Keywords: Apple; polyphenols; hydroxycinnamates; flavonols; dihydrochalcones; anthocyanidins
Cite
Citations (442)
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (24)
HPLC-ESI-MS/MS was applied to rapid analysis of flavonoids in the extract of blueberry. An- thocyanins and flavonols were identified as the primary components. The different structures lead to the dif- ferences in their UV-Vis absorptions, ionizations and fragmentations. Although both shown absorption maximum at 270 nm, anthocyanins and flavonols possessed characteristic absorption at 530 and 372 nm, re- spectively. Anthocyanins and flavonols could be distinguished since anion and radical anion were generated from flavonols in the negative ion ESI-MS, while anthocyanins gave no obvious signal under the same con- ditions. Different characteristic product ions in MS/MS diagram further confirmed the distinctions in struc- ture between anthocyanins and flavonols. This study is helpful for the quality analysis and control of the ex- tract of blueberry.
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (1)
Flavonols are a subclass of flavonoids of the group of plant secondary metabolites. In planta, flavonols play various functions such as antioxidant and natural regulator of auxin polar transport. Many lines of evidence have shown that flavonols also contribute to human health in anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, and even prevention some types of cancer. Several methods have been utilized to measure flavonols such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and diphenylboric acid-2-aminoethyl ester (DPBA) staining. While HPLC or LC-MS can quantitatively determine the level of flavonols, DPBA staining can provide an in-situ view of flavonols accumulation in the plants. In this protocol, a detailed procedure for staining the flavonols in Arabidopsis root tips is described. Five-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings are soaked in a solution containing DPBA and latterly the flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin) can be observed under a confocal microscope.
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (3)
Flavonols are polyphenolic secondary plant metabolites that are present in varying levels in commonly consumed fruits, vegetables and beverages. Flavonols have long held an interest for nutritionists, which has increased following a Dutch study in the early 1990's showing that dietary intake of flavonols was inversely correlated with the incidence of coronary heart disease. The main factors that have hindered workers in the field of flavonol research are (i) the accurate measurement of these compounds in foods and biological samples, and (ii) a dearth of information on their absorption and metabolism. This review aims to highlight the work of the authors in attempting to clarify the situation. The sensitive and selective HPLC procedure to identify and quantify common flavonols and their sugar conjugates is described. In addition, the results of an on-going screening program into the flavonol content of common produce and beverages are presented. The bioavailability of dietary flavonols is discussed with reference to an intervention study with onions, as well as pilot studies with tea, red wine and cherry tomatoes. It is concluded that flavonols are absorbable and accumulate in plasma and that consuming high flavonol-containing varieties of fruits and vegetables and particular types of beverages could increase their circulatory levels.
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (171)
Phytochemical tests provide information about the phytochemical constituents like carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic compounds and alkaloids of plant extract. Phytochemical test were performed out by following standards procedure
Phytochemical
Cite
Citations (1)
Flavonols such as kaempferol and quercetin are believed to provide protection against ultraviolet (UV)-induced damage to plants. Recent in vitro studies have examined the ability of flavonols to protect against UV-induced damage to mammalian cells. Stability of flavonols in cell culture media, however, has been problematic, especially for quercetin, one of the most widely studied flavonols. As part of our investigations into the potential for flavonols to protect skin against UV-induced damage, we have determined the stability of a series of flavonols that differ only in the number of substituents on the B-ring. We measured the stability of these flavonols over time to UVA radiation, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), and Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) using high performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC–UV). The identification of the breakdown products of flavonols was accomplished by using a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer coupled with liquid chromatography. Tandem mass spectrometric analysis (MS/MS) of flavonol photoproducts was confirmed by comparing with the known standard samples. We have determined that flavonol stability decreases with increasing B-ring substitution, suggesting that future investigation of potential photoprotective flavonols will need to be cognizant of this trend.
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (59)
Chokeberry and elderberry fruits are a rich source of polyphenols, the compounds with significant antiradical and chelating properties. They are studied intensively because of beneficial effects on the human health. In this study, three fractions enriched with different polyphenol classes were isolated from chokeberry and elderberry to study their antiradical activity using the DPPH test. The first fraction contained flavonols and phenolic acids, the second anthocyanins, and the third proanthocyanidins. The polyphenol content was determined by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Anthocyanins were found to be the main polyphenolic components of these berries with the highest portion in the total antiradical activity, followed by proanthocyanidins and phenolic acids and flavonols. Furthermore, proanthocyanidins were found to be more effective in free DPPH• radical scavenging than flavonols, phenolic acids and anthocyanins. A biphasic reaction was observed in the reaction between DPPH• radicals and polyphenols, with “ fast” and “ slow” scavenging rates. All polyphenol classes showed strong antiradical activity in first fast period, while in slow period antiradical activity of polyphenols decreased. This kind of biphasic reaction could be important in the biological activity of chokeberry and elderberry. This study is a contribution to a better understanding of antiradical activity of polyphenols from chokeberry and elderberry.
Flavonols
Cite
Citations (1)
Summary In this review the qualitative and quantitative occurrence of flavonols and flavones, particularly in fruit and vegetables, are considered. They occur practically in all plants. Their formation normally depends on light so that they are mainly concentrated in the outer tissues. the concentration of flavonols in free standing leaves exceeds that in other parts of the same plant considerably, except in onions. Flavonols act as antioxidants and protect the ascorbic acid from auto‐oxidation, for example in fruit juices. On the other hand, flavonols can lead to discolourations. Beneficial effects on the human organism have also been described.
Flavonols
Flavones
Cite
Citations (578)