Lignocellulosic Fiber Structure
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Keywords:
Hemicellulose
Microfibril
Cellulose fiber
Secondary cell wall
Primary (astronomy)
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Digestion
Plant cell
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Abstract A possible relation between cellulose microfibril angle and lignin content in the S2 layer was investigated by X-ray diffraction and cellular UV microspectrophotometry on spruce tissues [ Picea abies ] with different structural features and chemical composition. A strong correlation was not found, neither for the individual tissue types nor for the compiled data of all tissues. As the data did not confirm the findings in former studies, further examinations are necessary concerning a possible general interrelation between microfibril angle and lignin content.
Microfibril
Softwood
Suberin
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Hemicellulose
Secondary cell wall
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Hemicellulose
Hydroxymethylfurfural
Lignocellulosic Biomass
Hydrothermal Carbonization
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This chapter examines some of the observed empirical relationships of lignin concentration and composition with cell wall digestibility. It emphasizes information regarding molecular aspects of cell wall lignification and mechanisms by which these factors may limit bacterial fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis of forages. For the purposes of this chapter, core lignin is considered to be the phenylpropanoid polymer deposited in the cell wall from polymerization of cinnamyl alcohols during secondary wall thickening. Composition of the core lignin polymer has been discussed as a factor which influences degradability of cell wall polysaccharides. Pyrolysis is a methodology that is currently seeing increased use for analysis of lignin structure in forages. Inferences regarding relationships of lignification to cell wall degradability drawn from data such as presented in the preceding section must be made cautiously because cell wall composition data result from analysis of total plant herbage.
Phenylpropanoid
Secondary cell wall
Middle lamella
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Hemicellulose
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Limiting
Secondary cell wall
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Abstract Poor dimensional stability restricts the commercial utilization of fast-growing wood. In this study, fast-growing poplar ( Populus cathayana ) was treated by removing hemicellulose with hydrothermal treatment and impregnating alkali lignin via full-cell process, synergistically, for enhanced dimensional stability. After modification, hydroxyl groups were reduced in hemicellulose removed wood (DHC), alkali lignin was observed to fill in the cell lumens of vessels and wood fibers in the impregnated wood (AL) and in the wood modified by hemicellulose removal with alkali lignin impregnation (DHCAL). Compared with untreated wood, the volumetric swelling ratio of DHC and AL decreased by 11 % and 21 % under relative humidity (RH) of 89 %, respectively. The volumetric swelling ratio of DHCAL decreased by over 50 %, indicating a positive synergistic effect. The combination of hemicellulose removal and alkali lignin impregnation treatment improved the dimensional stability of wood significantly by reconstructing wood chemical components with various levels of hygroscopicity. This work could meaningfully contribute to the efficient utilization of fast-growing wood and promote the added value of industrial alkali lignin.
Hemicellulose
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