Fast tailoring of gold nanoflowers by an interface-modified reverse microdroplet strategy
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The structure,synthesis,sythetic mechanism,protonation,application of polyaniline and the research advancement of polyaniline composites were comprehensively elaborated, and the study on coal based polyaniline was introduced in detail.In contrast with polyaniline,coal based polyaniline's conductivity drops slightly,but it has cheaper cost and strenghened thermal stability. The novel methods and the new chances for coal's nonfuel application are provided by coal based polyaniline.The coal based polyaniline has a certain extending value.
Polyaniline nanofibers
Thermal Stability
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Nano-fibrous polyaniline was synthesized stainless steel electrode in 0.5 mol·L-1 H2SO4 solution by pulse galvanostatic method. The effects of synthetic conditions of pulse galvanostatic method the electroactivity of polyaniline were investigated. The results show that the electroactivity of polyaniline film strongly depends the synthetic conditions, such as the ratio of on time to off time(ton/toff), frequency, monomer concentration, temperature and mean current density. Different electroactivities of polyaniline are caused by different morphologies of polyaniline. The nano-fibrous polyaniline has higher electroactivity than polyaniline with other morphologies. Under the following conditions: mean current density of pulse galvanostatic method 1-3 mA·cm-2, ton/toff 1, frequency 200 Hz, monomer concentration 0.3 mol·L-1 and temperature 20 ℃, nano-fibrous polyaniline film with the highest electroactivity can be obtained.
Polyaniline nanofibers
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Abstract Polyaniline (PAni) films of different intrinsic oxidation states, including emeraldine salt, emeraldine base and leucoemeraldine base, were synthesized. Free‐standing membranes and thin film bilayers of aluminum–polyaniline were fabricated by magnetron sputter deposition of aluminum onto polyaniline films. Aluminum–polyaniline samples were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to investigate the microstructures of specimens, including cross‐sectional TEM micrographs of the metal‐polyaniline interfacial structure not previously reported in the literature. Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to study the chemical bonding and interaction between deposited aluminum and polyaniline at the interface. Results indicated that the intrinsic oxidation state of the polyaniline influenced the chemistry of the aluminum–polyaniline interface. Distinct interaction between aluminum and polyaniline in the emeraldine salt‐form was observed. However, there was no evidence of direct interactions of the aluminum with emeraldine base and leucoemeraldine base polyaniline. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyaniline nanofibers
Auger electron spectroscopy
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Through intruding sulfonic acid groups on polyaniline backbone,water-solubility of polyaniline was improved.The sulphonated conditions and the effects of it to sulphonated polyaniline were discussed.The experiment indicated that polyaniline,the amount of chlorosulfonic,reaction time,and sulfonation time were greatly affected the water-solube.By the comparison the water-solube of sulphonated polyaniline,the optimal conditions were found that APS/AN was 2,the theorerical degree of sulfonation was 1.3,the reaction time was 70 ℃,sulfonation time was 5 h,the solubility of sulphonated polyaniline under room temperature was 1.50 g.
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Reaction conditions
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This paper introduced the structure of polyaniline,and three methods for synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline.And the paper summarized the research advances of polyaniline in the field of anticorrosion coatings,and it expatiated the anticorrosive mechanism of polyaniline and application of polyaniline anticorrosive coat.We had expected foreground about polyaniline,and we think that the synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline and the analysis of corrosion theory need to be further studied.
Polyaniline nanofibers
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Polyaniline nanofibers
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Summary form only given. The enzyme electrode was formed by immobilizing enzyme in polyaniline films, which can conveniently show the cause of the instability of polyaniline films. The anions in the polyaniline film were resulted from adsorption and electrochemical doping. The anions absorbed on the polyaniline film were easily desorbed, but the anions doped in the polyaniline film can longer and stably exist, which was demonstrated by high stability (lifetime 30 months) of polyaniline glucose oxidase electrode. The results of the scanning electron micrograph indicate that the macroshape of the polyaniline film has changed after enzyme was immobilized in the polyaniline film.
Polyaniline nanofibers
Glucose oxidase
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Nano-fibrous polyaniline was synthesized on stainless steel electrode in 0.5mol·L~(-1) H_2SO_4 solution by pulse galvanostatic method. The effects of synthetic conditions of pulse galvanostatic method on the electroactivity of polyaniline were investigated. The results show that the electroactivity of polyaniline film strongly depends on the synthetic conditions, such as the ratio of “on time” to “off time”(t_(on)/t_(off)), frequency, monomer concentration, temperature and mean current density. Different electroactivities of polyaniline are caused by different morphologies of polyaniline. The nano-fibrous polyaniline has higher electroactivity than polyaniline with other morphologies. Under the following conditions: mean current density of pulse galvanostatic method 13mA·cm~(-2), t_(on)/t_(off) 1, frequency 200Hz, monomer concentration 0.3mol·L~(-1) and temperature 20℃, nano-fibrous polyaniline film with the highest electroactivity can be obtained.
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Polyaniline nanofibers
Base (topology)
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In this contribution we extend our previous studies on polyaniline blends to the study of some physical properties of different polyaniline polyvinylchloride (PANI-PVC) blends. Previous data on polyaniline-polyethylene (PANI-PE) blends have revealed a rapid drop of the mechanical features of the blend, as the concentration of polyaniline (PANI) is increased and a relatively slow increase in the electrical conductivity. As the blend has been prepared by mechanical mixing of components, the electrical conductivity decreases in time, probably due to a stabilisation of the blend towards oxygen accompanied by the transformation of the conducting polyaniline (emeraldine salt) into the insulating form of the polyaniline.
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