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    Tobacco use is one of the major preventable causes of premature death and disease in the world. The Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), part of the Global Tobacco Surveillance System initiated by the World Health Organization (WHO), CDC, and the Canadian Public Health Association, was developed to monitor tobacco use, attitudes about tobacco, and exposure to secondhand smoke among youths and has been conducted in 140 countries. This report presents findings from the GYTS conducted in the Kurdistan region of Iraq (i.e., Irbil, as-Sulaymaniyah, and Dahuk governorates) in 2005, which revealed that one in 10 students currently smoked cigarettes or used other tobacco products. Boys (21%) were statistically significantly more likely than girls (2.1%) to smoke cigarettes, but no significant difference was observed between boys and girls in their use of other tobacco products. Public health authorities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq can use the baseline information from the GYTS to design and implement tobacco-control programs to reduce youth smoking.
    Secondhand Smoke
    Tobacco smoke
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    EUPHA REPORT 2004-1 The European Public Health Association (EUPHA) is an umbrella organisation for public health associations in Europe. At the moment, EUPHA has 48 members from 38 countries and includes more than 10,000 public health experts in Europe. This network is a great tool to find out more about public health problems in Europe and different national policies and practices to deal with these. The present report is the first in a series of reports where EUPHA provides overviews of current public health issues in Europe. These reports are set up using our extensive network and organising workshops and email exchange on selected issues. Introduction
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    1. The global context for public health 2. Global health status at the beginning of the twenty-first century 3. Public Health in the United Kingdom 4. Public health in Sweden: facts, vision and lessons 5. Public health in eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union 6. Public health in North America 7. Public Health in Latin America 8. Public health in Africa 9. Public health in China: History and contemporary challenges 10. Public health in South Asia 11. Public health in Australia and New Zealand 12. Bioterrorism: The extreme politics of public health 13. Ethical issues in global public health 14. Putting the public into public health: Towards a more people-centred approach 15. Strengthening public health for the new era
    Global Health
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    The paper theoretically elaborates what modern public health is, what functions public health should do to respond public health emergency, and how public health plays the role in responding public health emergency. And it elicits how to develop Chinese modern public health system.
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