Prevention of pregnancy complications and delivery at low placentation
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Objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed method of preventing pregnancy complications with low placentation from early gestation.Material and methods. We have examined 119 pregnant women with low placentation. This diagnosis was made at 6-7 weeks of gestation on the basis of echographic research. The main group consisted of 64 pregnant women with low chorionic location who underwent prevention from pregnancy complications in early gestation by the complex of medicines developed by us and a control group -55 women with low placentation who had not undergone complications prophylaxis from early gestational periods. The prophylactic complex included Luteina, ginkgo biloba extract, folio and biolectra. To assess the effectiveness of the therapy in the study groups, we analyzed the course of pregnancy in early and late gestation, as well as complications of pregnancy and delivery.Results. The frequency of pregnancy pathologies in the main group, where the prevention of pregnancy complications from early gestation with low placentation, was significantly lower than in the control group. According to the study, the risk of abortion with bleeding and without bleeding in the first and second trimesters significantly decreased in the main group of pregnant women (p<0.05). In the third trimester of gestation in the group where the prevention of pregnancy complications was significantly reduced, the incidence of preterm birth, premature detachment of the low-lying placenta, fetoplacental dysfunction, fetal developmental delay syndrome and fetal distress during pregnancy (p<0.05). Also, in the main group there was a lower percentage of premature births and births that ended by cesarean section.Conclusions. 1. The place of attachment of the placenta in the uterine cavity is closely related to its function, the development of placental dysfunction, pregnancy and delivery. 2. Studies have shown the effectiveness of our proposed comprehensive drug prevention of complications of pregnancy with low placentation, which in turn has led to improved pregnancy and delivery and has become an effective means of preventing placental dysfunction.Keywords:
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Abstract The placenta regulates maternal-fetal communication, and its defect leads to significant pregnancy complications. The maternal and embryonic circulations are primitively connected in early placentation, but the function of the placenta during this developmentally essential period is relatively unknown. We thus performed a comparative proteomic analysis of the placenta before and after primary placentation and found that the metabolism and transport of lipids were characteristically activated in this period. The placental fatty acid (FA) carriers in specific placental compartments were upregulated according to gestational age, and metabolomic analysis also showed that the placental transport of FAs increased in a time-dependent manner. Further analysis of two mutant mice models with embryonic lethality revealed that lipid-related signatures could reflect the functional state of the placenta. Our findings highlight the importance of the nutrient transport function of the primary placenta in the early gestational period and the role of lipids in embryonic development. Summary Sentence The placenta is activated characteristically in terms of lipid transport during primary placentation, and the lipid-related signatures closely reflect the functional state of the placenta.
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Introduction. Complications of pregnancy, which cause high perinatal morbidity and mortality, are accompanied by pathological changes in the placenta, namely, placental dysfunction (PD). 50.7% of PD are diagnosed in pregnant women with a low‐lying placenta (LLP). Aim. Тo study the pathomorphological parameters of placental dysfunction against the background of low placentation. Morphological and histometric features of the placenta from pregnant women with placental dysfunction (PD) against a background of low placental location were studied. The conducted studies show that the formation of placental dysfunction in pregnant women with a low location of the placenta is due to the violation of the physiological mechanisms of the formation of the feto-placental system in the first and second trimesters of gestation, as evidenced by: the predominance of the placenta of oval and anomalous forms (pleated, waist, with additional lobules ); the domination of the eccentric type of attachment of the umbilical cord and the main and intermediate types of branching of vessels. The manifestation of a positive type of compensatory-adaptive reactions at the organ level was a reduction in the thickness of the placenta in combination with an increase in the area of its maternal surface. A negative type of reaction in women with PD on a background of low placentation is a decrease in the volume of the placenta. At the tissue level in placentas from women with PD on a background of low placentation, compensatory-adaptive reactions were diagnosed in 70% of cases: a high percentage of terminal villi (69.4%), terminal villi with SCM (62.3%) and syncytial knots formation (29.5%), increased vascularization of villi (29.5%). In 25% of cases the degree of compensatory-adaptive reactions was significantly lower than in the control. Conclusions. In pregnant women with abnormal placentation, it is advisable to prevent the development of placental dysfunction from early gestation.
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During pregnancy the viviparous vertebrates develop a complex system of nutritional membranes surrounding the fetus. In place of the union or apposition of the fetal membranes with the uterine lining is formed the placenta. The placental types may be categorized into several complementary levels that reflect placental characteristics, being the swine placenta classified as chorioallantoic, diffuse, pleated, epitheliochorial and cross to counter-current. Structures, as the yolk sac, have function even before the appearance of the chorioallantoic placenta. The areola is also an accessory structure of the placenta, which may be found in ungulates. The extraembryonic membranes are linked intimately in the placentation, and these are important in swine early pregnancy, since the definitive placenta starts developing by the 18th day of gestation. Modifications in the swine placenta, like the presence of areolas, might have arisen as domestic species adaptions in order to supply nourishing needs during the development of concept.
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