A Study on the Productivity Comparison of Red Seabream (Pagrus major) in Brass Nets and Fiber Nets for Offshore Sea Cages
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This study aimed to investigate the productivity of red seabream (Pagrus major) raised in brass net cages and fiber net cages installed in the offshore sea with a depth of more than 35 meters. The weight gain (WG), daily growth rate (SGR), feed coefficient ratio (FCR), and survival rate (SR) of red seabream were calculated to compare the productivity of a brass net cage and a fiber net cage. The productivity of red seabream was calculated by giving weight gain (WG), feed efficienct ratio, and survival rate of 50%, 30%, and 20% weights, respectively. The growth rate, feed efficienct ratio, and survival rate of red seabream were higher in the brass net cage than in the fiber net cage, and the productivity was improved by 34.7% (P<0.05).Keywords:
Pagrus major
Brass
Cage
The dezincification rate of β-brass in vacuum has been measured by the thermobalance method over a temperature range 500 to 800°C. The effects of Ag, Mg, Al, Mn, Si, Ge, Sn and Ni as alloying elements was also studied. The results were discussed in comparison with the case of α-brass reported previously. Results are summarized as follows:(1) The dezincification rate of β-brass obeyed the parabolic rate law as was expected from the diffusion-controlled mechanism, while in the case of α-brass with 30 wt% Zn the amount of weight-loss was proportional to time.(2) The dezincified β-brass layer consisted of two parts observed in α-brass with 30 wt% Zn, one of them near the specimen surface was more porous.(3) Additions of Si, Ge, Sn and Al increased the rate of dezincification, while no effect was observed by additions of Ag, Mg, Mn and Ni. The effect of each alloying element on the dezincification rate of β-brass was smaller than that observed in α-brass.
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Brass is an alloy between copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) where the majority of the elements are copper. Brass that undergoes a cold rolling process will experience changes in microstructure and mechanical properties. This study aims to find out the effect of cold rolling process on changes in microstructure and hardness of brass. The composition of brass is analyzed by using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy technique, while microscope optic is used to obtain microstructure photograph of brass. The hardness of brass is measured before and after cold rolling process. The test results show that cold rolling process causes the increase of hardness on brass, change of grain shape, and the appearance of deformation bands on brass.
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First, the influences of hardness of steel shaft on the wear of brass have been studied, and then wear phenomena in rubbing against a shaft made of same kind of brass have been observed.The wear manner of 60 : 40 brass and 70 : 30 brass containing pb is little influenced by the hardness of mate-steel. But, the wear of the 70 : 30 brass free from Pb, rubbed against annealed steel, is perfectly adhesive and the wear of that aginst hardened steel is oxidizing.In rubbing the blanks of same kind of brass each other, the wear grows easily adhesive, and its relationship to rubbing speed is similar to that of the adhesive wear between brass and steel.
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Abstract Study of the brass configuration on wires from a number of cords from different sources shows that the brass on all of the wires is highly nonuniform in its distribution. It is not a “layer” as the word is generally understood. In some areas, the steel is almost bare; in some areas, brass coverage may be 0.1–0.2 µm thick; in still other areas there are “intrusions” of brass extending into the steel much more than a micrometer. It is believed that this brass configuration is typical of all steel wires which have been drawn after brass plating; hence, it is probably typical of all wires currently used in brass-plated steel tire cord. Consideration should be given to this erratic brass configuration in studies of adhesion of tire rubber to brass-plated steel tire cord. Perhaps the current model(s) should be modified to include the possible effect of the reservoirs of brass in the “intrusions” which exist in the steel.
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A set of simulating test equipment has been made and used to make the simulating erosion test of brass tubes of HSn70-1A. The results indicate that the erosion of the entering end of condensers' brass tubes is 1.4 times as much as the inner erosion of brass tubes.
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By measuring cutting Forces in case of cutting rolled Pb-brass, A (cutting force at the unit depth of cut) and n in the experimental equation R= atn (R= cutting force, t= depth of cut) were calculated. The results are ;1) The difference between cutting forces, Whether it is parallel or rectangular to the direction of rolling, was scarcely notable.2) The effect of Pb on cuting force is very large, but the effect on rolling reduction is not so remarkable.3) Mono-phase alloys of α or β are hard to be cut and the standard structure of 4:6 brass. (α+β) is easy to be cut.4) The value of n is small in the cases of Pb-brass and high reduced plate, and α-brass and β-brass confer high values.
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With the self-made erosion test device,the erosion test of HSn70-1A brass and HA177-2A brass was carried out,and the right experiment data were matched into curves.The results showed clearly that the [Cl~-]and sand content influence the erosion.With the [Cl~-]or sand content increasing independently,the material erosion rate increased in a parabolic relationship.HSn70-1A brass was more sensitive to Cl~- than HA177-2A brass,but it was more resistant to the erosion of sand in comparison with HA177-2A brass.However,when the sand content was low,the erosion resistance of HA177-2A brass was higher than HSn70-1A brass while in high sand content conditions,the result was just reversed.
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