Investigation of Displacement Ductility Capacity for Tall Piers
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In this paper, the incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is used to investigate the effect of higher vibration modes on the displacement ductility capacity of a tall pier. The results show that if the conventional method is used to evaluate the displacement ductility capacity of tall piers, there will be large error. The contribution of higher vibration modes to response has a significant effect on the yield, ultimate displacement and displacement ductility capacity for a tall pier.Keywords:
Ductility (Earth science)
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The ductility of a column is one of the most important characteristics of a structure subjected to unexpected overloads, load reversals, blast loads or dynamic impacts. Structural ductile members are capable of dissipating large amounts of energy by undergoing large deformations before failure, hence providing early warning to the occupants of the building. Previous analyses conducted by the authors suggest that, in addition to the type of column (steel, reinforced concrete and composite steel–concrete), the applied measure of ductility as well as other factors (the materials used and the loading and boundary conditions) have a significant influence on a column's ductility. This paper proposes a new approach to the analysis of the ductility of columns. This approach distinguishes between the column's pre-peak, post-peak and total ductility, and develops ductility parameters based on the displacement and energy for each of these ductility types. Based on experimental and numerical research on two-chord composite steel–concrete columns subjected to vertical monotonic loads, the influence of concrete strength and batten plate spacing on the columns' vertical ductility is evaluated. It is concluded that designing two-chord composite steel–concrete columns to have small batten plate spacing and a relatively low concrete strength class can maximise the vertical ductility.
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A new finite element procedure is developed to study the ultimate strength and ductility behavior of the concrete piers up to softening stage. In the computer code, a degenerate isoparametric curved shell element with layered model is adopted. The arc-length algorithm combined with line search acceleration is employed to overcome the numerical difficulties near and beyond the failure stage. The structural responses of the concrete piers are simulated and compared with experimental results, which shows the efficiency and reliability of the computer code. The stiffening efficiency with different stiffening lengths is discussed, and other two practical stepped concrete piers are also studied. For the covering abstract see ITRD E111699.
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Ductility (Earth science)
Slab
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In order to obtain the ductility a seismic performance of reinforced concrete box piers,the equivalent plastic hinge length and ultimate displacement calculation methods for reinforced concrete box piers were discussed based on bi-axial quasi-static tests of 14 piers and moment curvature analyses of reinforced concrete box cross-section under action of bi-axial load. The results showed that the piers with larger height-width ratio have bigger plastic damage area, meanwhile their ultimate curvature drops obviously; the calculated yielding displacement and ultimate displacement are close to the actual measured ones,so the ultimate displacement calculation method can be used in ductility a seismic analysis for reinforced concrete box piers.
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本研究は, 耐震性能評価設計を念頭に置き, 鉄筋コンクリート柱の主鉄筋降伏以後のせん断耐力と変形性能に関する数値解析法を提示するものである. 大型構造物を対象範囲に包含するものとし, 降伏以後のせん断挙動に関して, 有限要素解析結果と実験結果の比較を行い, 適用性を評価した. また, 側方鉄筋の無い梁について影響因子の感度解析を行い, その結果を概括する目的で簡単な評価式を提示した.
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Abstract This study performs parametric analyses on the displacement ductility capacity of a fixed-head reinforced concrete pile in homogeneous clay, considering the spread of plasticity in the pile. The parametric study regards the pile as a limited ductility structure, which conditionally allows the pile to have inelastic response during large loading. The variables considered include the pile section parameters and p-y model parameters. A large number of pushover analyses are conducted to examine the displacement ductility capacity of the pile. The results show that the plastic hinging will occur at the pile head region for a fixed-head pile, and the displacement ductility capacity of the pile is mainly influenced by the over-strength ratio of the pile section. Furthermore, the second plastic region may occur in ground when the axial force is in high tension. Based on the design concept of limited ductility structures, the high tensile force in pile should be avoided in pile design. A quantitative relationship between the displacement ductility capacity and over-strength ratio is suggested for engineering applications.
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The structural design under seismic loading has been performed in the last years using force-based methods for considering the effects of elastoplastic behavior. Currently, displacement-based methods are also being used for designing structures under seismic loading. These methods use moment-curvature relationships for determining the ductility capacity of a structural element. This paper intends to analize the seismic performance of bridges using displacement-based methods and evaluate the influence of concrete confinement on the ductility capacity. For this, a two-span bridge is modeled, analyzed and designed, in accordance with AASHTO (2010). A verification of the ductility capacity in accordance with CALTRANS (2006), of the central pier of the bridge is performed for several cases of axial loading, cross sections and concrete confinement, following the provisions for transverse reinforcement of NBR-6118 (2014) and ACI-318 (2011). The ductility capacity results for a typical case are shown in Figure 1. A pushover analysis is done to evaluate the obtained results. Figure 1 Ductility Capacity versus Dimensionless Compressive Force. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315207681/cd556cd4-4dcf-4efe-8e29-56fc67b8bfbd/content/fig224_1.tif"/> From the moment-curvature relationships it was noticeable that, for certain values of compression forces (–0.1 ˃ η ˃–0.5), as long as the concrete confinement is increased, the resistance drop is less abrupt. It is possible to assure a good bridge performance, by regulating the compression rate to which the pier is subjected to, for being in its optimal range, avoiding fragile rupture and increasing the possibility of an eventual structure recovery. After performing nonlinear static pushover analyses, it can be noticed that ductility capacity increased as the transverse reinforcement increases also. It is also noticeable that two-dimensional models provided results that were closer to results obtained with threedimensional models. The two-dimensional model represents satisfactory results regarding bridge's behavior with respect to ductility capacity. Representing piles by their real length and springs to simulate the soil-structure interaction provides higher ductility values than fixing the piles in the model. It is noticeable than that the determined ductility capacity increases as the foundation representation in structural model is closer to reality.
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Three estimate methods of the ductility is described.The author pointed out the relationship between these methods through studying the tests result of the combination columns at the same time.These factors that affected ductility of the component is analyzed.Finally the difference between ductility and deform capability.
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