Influence of seed fortification treatment with organic nutrients on seedling production in Jatropha curcas (L.).
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Jatropha curcas
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Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata are the promising biofuel species worldwide that contained 35 to 45% seed oil, respectively. Due to the reason of high oil content of these seeds are liable to getting easily deteriorated by fungal and insects during storage and that could hold the limitation of spreading through afforestation. To resolve this problem, the present study was carried out with J. curcas and P. pinnata seeds pelleted with leaf powders of Azadirachta indica, P. pinnata and Adhatoda vasica in order to study the effects of botanical pelleting storability and production of quality seedlings at nursery. This experiment was conducted at Department of Seed Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India during 2009 to 2010. The results revealed that J. curcas and P. pinnata seeds pelleted with pungam and neem leaf powder showed the maximum germination percentage and growth characters at nursery, respectively. From the study, it was also observed thatJatropha seeds pelleted with pungam leaf powder recorded 169% higher germination and P. pinnata seeds pelleted with A. indica leaf powder registered 92% higher germination than control after 9 months of storage. We conclude from this study that, botanical leaf powder seed pelleting not only improve the longevity of seeds through protecting the seeds from fungal and insect attack but also improve the seed and soil relationships through enriching the rhizosphere region of seed to produce better growth and development.
Key words: Jatropha, pungam, leaf powder pelleting, seed storage, growth, development.
Pongamia
Jatropha curcas
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A field experiment was carried out during summer season of 2004 to assess the effect of growth media, size and weight of seed and depth of seed sowing on the growth and quality of seedlings of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas Linn.). The analysis of data revealed that germination percentage (80.5%), final seedling stand before transplanting (75.6%), seedling height (90.50 cm), number of branches per seedling (1.93), collar diameter (2.61 cm), root total length per seedling (608 cm), leaf area per seedling (10597 cm2), total dry weight per seedling (164.2 g), total chlorophyll content (2.92 mg/g of tissue) and quality index (Dickson’s quality index and sturdiness quotient) of seedlings were significantly higher under raised seedbed of soil + FYM mixture (3:1 ratio) closely followed by raised seedbed of soil alone. Seedlings grown on polythene bags filled with soil + FYM mixture (3:1 ratio) recorded least values of all these parameters. Cost of nursery raising based on 5000 seedlings (Rs. 7660) was highest under polythene bags filled with soil + FYM mixture (3:1 ratio) while net returns (Rs. 6120) and benefit: cost ratio (1:21) was highest under raised seedbed of soil alone followed by raised seedbed of soil + FYM mixture (3:1 ratio). Negative net returns (Rs 1315) and benefit: cost ratio (-0.17) were recorded under polythene bags filled with soil + FYM mixture (3:1 ratio). Bold seeds sown at 3 to 4 cm depth produced significantly superior seedlings in terms of growth and quality parameters over the normal seeds sown at 5 to 6 cm depth. Bold seeds sown at 3 to 4 cm depth also improved economics of nursery raising over normal seeds sown at 5-6 cm depth.
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