An analysis of the effects of climate variability in Northern China over the past five decades on people, livestock and plants in the focus areas.
3
Citation
0
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
This chapter presents an analysis of long-term trends of air temperature, precipitation, aridity, the interdecadal features and spatial variation of the main pastoral regions of China based on statistical data on annual temperature and precipitation from 173 meteorological stations from 1951 to 2004. It is established that over the past years, there is a distinct warming trend, with a definite shift to warmer temperatures in the late 1980s. The coldest period was in the 1960s, the warmest period in the middle/late 1990s and the warmest year was 1998. Annual precipitation varies significantly, with a general rising trend but with a relative shortage period of rain/snow in the 1960s/1970s and relatively ample rain/snow in the 1990s and early 21st century. The highest precipitation year was 2003. Finally, the impact of these climatic changes on people, livestock and plants is also analysed.Keywords:
Economic shortage
Trend analysis
The article deals with the snow capacity of snow protection facilities. The purpose of the given work is to determine the snow capacity of snow protection facilities on roads in the mountainous area. To carry out theoretical studies there were applied analytical methods. The article presents a general form of formulas for determining the snow-retaining capacity and the snow capacity of snow protection facilities through well-known geometrical parameters and there were offered protective means against snowdrift.
Snow removal
Cite
Citations (1)
This article introduced a series of environment problems caused in the long- term exploitation of arid and half arid desert mine area. The strategy of environment problem is put forward, so that the environment of arid and half arid desert mine site should be improved persistendy, realize sustainable development.
Desert (philosophy)
Desert climate
Cite
Citations (0)
Backpropagation
Aridity index
Cite
Citations (11)
Desert climate
Aridity index
Semi-arid climate
Cite
Citations (20)
In heavy snow area in Japan, more than 40 percents of roads are narrow; so that snow machines often cannot pass through them and such roads are closed by deep snow for a long time. It seems that the best way to circumvent this problem is to replace road gutters with snow removing gutters. It is known that running water in a gutter is able to flow equivalent volume of snow, and that the flow rate (the required volume of water per hour) is easily estimated by the volume of snow which is thrown into the gutter.
Snow removal
Water equivalent
Cite
Citations (0)
Over the past 20 years, Korea has been endlessly damaged by heavy snow. The damages are significantly different between regions, and therefore, it is important to analyze and understand the characteristics of greenhouse and snowfall in those regions. Snow weight, which affects the amount of damage, varies up to seven times depending on temperature and humidity, in addition to the amount of snow. Therefore, in this study, snow depth and density were compared to determine a solution. Based on a disaster report and the data collected from the Korea Meteorological Administration, field surveys were conducted by classifying four administrative districts in Gangwon containing multiple greenhouses, and snowy areas were selected and sampled. Finally, the density of snow and snow depth were measured. The snow density increased proportionally to its depth. The results of this study could help provide solutions to snow damage in the future. Keywords: Snow Damage, Amount of Snow, Snow Density
Cite
Citations (1)
By simulating atmospheric deposition experiment, this paper analyzed the relationship between the measured spectral reflectance and the concentrations of contaminants in the snow. It is found that the visible spectrum is sensitive to snow contaminants. From 350nm to 850nm, with the increase concentrations of contaminants in snow, snow reflectivity dramatically decreases. We get the conclusion that the most sensitive bands to snow contaminants are 384nm, 450nm and 1495nm.Using the non-linear regression method to analyze the relationship between spectral reflectance and the contaminants. The results showed the reflectivity of snow at visible bands logarithmically decreases with the snow contaminants increasing; the R 2 can reach 0.9.To the contrary, the spectral reflectance at nearinfrared increases with the snow contaminants increasing. Therefore, this method can be combined satellite image to forecast the contaminants in the snow at large-scale.
Deposition
Cite
Citations (2)
Crystal (programming language)
Cite
Citations (7)
Some examinations are made about errors of the water equivalent of snow measured with a snow-sampler. It is found that both the change of the sampling deficiency of a sampler related to the sorts of deposited snow and the irregular variation of the snow depth in an observation field might be the main factors that disturbed the uniformity of daily successive data. The former has not been yet sufficiently studied, but it is show that the latter could be modified to some extent by comparing it with a fixed snow-tsake in snow melting season.
Water equivalent
Snow field
Cite
Citations (0)
This Chapter is in Section 5: Measurements, edited by Thomas J. Lockhart This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction—Characteristics and Importance of Snow Measurements of Snow Properties of Snow That Make Basic Measurements Difficult Procedures for Measuring Snowfall, Snow Depth and Water Content Contribution of Technology to Snow Measurements Summary of Snow Data Continuity Sources of Specialized Snow Data
Water equivalent
Snow field
Cite
Citations (2)