A proactive lane-changing risk prediction framework considering driving intention recognition and different lane-changing patterns
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Bridge (graph theory)
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Driving simulator
The advancement of in-vehicle technology for driving safety has considerably improved. Current Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS) make road safer by alerting the driver, through visual, auditory, and haptic signals about dangerous driving situations, and consequently, preventing possible collisions. However, in some circumstances the driver can fail to properly respond to the alert since human cognition systems can be influenced by the driving context. Driving simulation can help evaluating this aspect since it is possible to reproduce different ADAS in safe driving conditions. However, driving simulation alone does not provide information about how the change in driver’s workload affects the interaction of the driver with ADAS. This paper presents a driving simulator system integrating physiological sensors that acquire heart’s activity, blood volume pulse, respiration rate, and skin conductance parameters. Through a specific processing of these measurements, it is possible to measure different cognitive processes that contribute to the change of driver’s workload while using ADAS, in different driving contexts. The preliminary studies conducted in this research show the effectiveness of this system and provide guidelines for the future acquisition and the treatment of the physiological data to assess ADAS workload.
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The M48 Severn Bridge is a 988 m span suspension bridge carrying the M48 motorway across the River Severn in the UK. The bridge is substandard to current UK assessment codes but is permitted to continue in operation on the basis that application of the HighwaysAgency document, BD79, which allows a risk-based management approach to bridge operation, indicates the risk presented is acceptable given the mitigation and monitoring in place. A key aspect of the work involved in verifying that the bridge can remain in operation is undertaking continuous structural assessment, taking into account the results of previous cable intrusive investigations and data from the various continuous monitoring systems.
Bridge (graph theory)
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Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) are making continuous progress in order to solve issues in vehicle traffic. However, drivers cannot adjust to these advances, because ADAS can assist even complicated driving behaviors that require higher skills. The more advanced the driving interactions ADAS can perform, the more risk the system may have when used by drivers who have insufficient knowledge of the system. Thus, it is important to establish teaching or training methods, which enable drivers to become educated about ADAS. In this study, we developed a driving simulator for teaching or training drivers. Using the driving simulator, the drivers can make the most of ADAS, the use of which will become more widespread and advanced. In this paper, the importance of teaching and training for driver is explained first. Details of the driving simulator developed in this study are then described. Finally, the results of the simulation development are summarized.
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For today’s vehicles several advanced driver assistance systems are on the market supporting the driver in critical driving situations or automating parts of the driving tasks. In the future there will be even more. Currently, those assistance systems do not use a common and consistent interaction strategy to communicate with the driver. The goal of the present study is to present and to evaluate a concept using ambient light for presenting information of different assistance systems in an integrated way. Research on visual peripheral warnings showed positive effects on driver reaction times in demanding situations. This paper presents results of a driving simulator experiment, in which an ambient light concept using peripheral visual perception were tested. A 360° LED stripe was installed around the driver in a fixed-based driving simulator providing interaction signals via peripheral vision. The developed ambient light display should support the driver in different driving situations by a consistent colour-coded interaction design. In a between-group design 41 participants (21 with and 20 without ambient light) drove eight different highway scenarios to test the display. Results of the ambient light interaction design regarding driver reactions and subjective evaluation regarding comprehensibility of the ambient light concept are reported and discussed.
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The article proposes a method to develop bridge deterioration model in bridge manage ment systemby Markov Process or Semi- Markov Process, and programfor themas well. We can predict bridge future con- dition through the bridge deterioration model. Its result can help the bridge manager to make decisions, and also can be the foundations for bridge decision optimization. When bridge condition data are not enough, its procedure can be an instruction for the data collection ofbridge management system.
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This paper, from a special issue on driving simulator applications in research and clinical practice, explores potential driver behavior changes due to the interactions with advanced vehicle technologies emerging on the market. These technologies, called Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), can take control over specific functions of the vehicle and provide warnings to assist drivers in a variety of driving tasks. The authors explore the evidence that ADAS may change the way drivers behave on the road, resulting in traffic operational improvements and congestion mitigation. The study evaluated performance measures of a vehicle equipped with two types of ADAS in a driving simulator (STISIM Drive) environment; the two systems were Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) and Lane Change Assist (LCA). A specific route was created in the driving simulator, which consisted of an arterial section followed by a freeway. Participants (n = 25) drove the route twice, once without the systems and then using the two ADAS. Researchers collected data on speed, lane change maneuvers, and headway with the front vehicle. The study found changes in driving behavior due to the systems as well as specific driver characteristics that are more likely to be affected by these technologies. Average and conservative drivers may be more affected by the availability of ADAS, as they may be more willing to accept shorter headways and higher speeds when such systems are in operation.
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* Engineering challenges before the bridge * Design of the bridge * Construction of the bridge * Maintaining the bridge * The men behind the bridge * Crossing the forth in 2090 * Results of Scottish School's Forth Bridge Competition * Index
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Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) are rapidly being developed for autonomous vehicles [...]
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The article deals with designing temporary bridges from the MMT Bridge set. It focuses on this particular bridge set closely and describes another temporary bridge constructions in general. The incorporation of the MMT Bridge set into the IPEC library is described either. Altogether all designed components create complex aid tool for designing temporary bridges from the MMT Bridge set. Moreover, two specific cases of bridge construction were examined thoroughly.
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The teaching contents of bridge engineering were reformed by the teaching cases of bridge selected from outstanding and collapsed bridges in recent years in China. The professional knowledge of bridge engineering was effectively connected with the teaching cases of bridge through task-driven teaching method. Students actively constructed professional knowledge and skills of bridge engineering by solving practical bridge problems. The students’ qualities of bridge engineering, such as communication skills, team-work spirit, professional skills and responsibility, are improved during studying bridge cases and designing bridge process.
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