Acute Effects of Static Self-Stretching Exercises and Foam Roller Self-Massaging on the Trunk Range of Motions and Strength of the Trunk Extensors
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Although the effectiveness of static self-stretching exercises (SSSEs) and foam roller self-massaging (FRSM) in joint range of motion and muscle strength of the lower limbs has been extensively investigated, little is known about their effectiveness on the posterior trunk muscles. The present study aimed to investigate the acute effects of two 7-min SSSEs and FRSM intervention protocols on the range of trunk movements and the strength of the trunk extensors. Twenty-five healthy active males (n = 14) and females (n = 11) performed each intervention separately, one week apart. The range of motion (ROM) of the trunk-hip flexion (T-HF), the ROM of the trunk side-flexion (TSF) and rotation (TR) bilaterally, as well as the isometric maximum strength (TESmax) and endurance (TESend) of the trunk extensors were measured before and after each intervention. The ROMs of T-HF, TSF, and TR were significantly increased following both SSSEs and FRSM. The TESmax and TESend were also significantly increased after FRSM, but decreased following SSSEs. While both interventions were effective in increasing the range of motion of the trunk, a single 7-min session of FRSM presented more advantages over a similar duration SSSEs protocol due to the increase in the strength of the trunk extensors it induced.Isometric contractions of the handgrip muscles were exerted by eight male subjects (age range 19-24 yr) to determine the relationship between fatiguing and nonfatiguing isometric contractions. In a first series of experiments, subjects exerted fatiguing isometric contractions at tensions of 25, 40, or 70% of the maximum strength of the subjects (MVC) following a contraction at a nonfatiguing tension of 5 or 10% MVC for 3, 7, or 20 min. In a second series of experiments, subjects exerted pairs of fatiguing isometric contractions at the same tensions; however, during the 3-, 7-, or 20-min interval between the contractions the subjects either rested or exerted a contraction at 5 or 10% MVC. Nonfatiguing isometric contractions exerted prior to fatiguing contractions had little influence on the endurance for the fatiguing static effort. In contrast, when contractions at nonfatiguing tensions were exerted in the recovery interval following an isometric contraction at a fatiguing tension, the recovery of endurance was dramatically reduced.
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Background: Frozen shoulder is the most common self limiting disability which affects about 2-5% of the population with the females being more prone. It’s having three phases and the treatment depends upon the phases. The best treatment choice should be started from the conservative treatment then proceed to invasive. Frozen shoulder case is clinically diagnosed and requires minimal investigations as there is complete restriction in the passive and active range of motion.
Objective: The objective of this case study was to provide the relief to the patient in terms of pain as well increase the range of motion which helps in enhancing the functional activities. This case study evaluates the effect of combined treatment methods used in the physiotherapy.
Case Description: A 48 year female visited OPd with the complaints of pain and restricted active and passive range of motion in the left shoulder. The shoulder disability index of the patient was approximately 90% and the severity of the pain in the shoulder as well as the surrounding structures of shoulder was about 9 out of 10 on the NPRS. She was provided with the treatment after the proper assessment with combination of exercise, electrotherapy, manual therapy and rehabilitative exercises. The treatment was continued for 4 weeks and after that post assessment was done and there was change in the parameters which was taken initially.
Outcome measures: the outcome measures or the assessment tools used for this study was Numerical pain rating scale for the pain, goniometer to assess the range of motion, Manual muscle testing to check strength of shoulder muscles and the shoulder pain disability index for both pain as well disability.
Result: the study findings shows drastic changes in the parameters taken in the beginning of the study. There was reduction in the pain and increase in all the range of motion which was restricted. Shoulder disability index also shows improvement.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the physiotherapy treated provided beneficial effect to the frozen shoulder cases. This study adds to the evidence about the physiotherapy rehabilitation progressive effects.
Frozen shoulder
Manual therapy
Electrotherapy
Limiting
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Background. Constraint-induced therapy (CIT) is effective in improving upper extremity motor function, but evidence is lacking about effectiveness grasp and trunk control. Objective. This study investigated whether distributed CIT combined with trunk restraint (dCIT + TR) benefited movement kinematics of grasping and the trunk, as well as motor ability of the upper extremity, more than dCIT alone. Methods. A total of 45 stroke participants received 2 hours of dCIT + TR, dCIT, or the dose-matched control intervention for 3 weeks. Movement kinematics, motor ability, and daily function were the outcome measures. Movement kinematics included grasping, joint range, and trunk movement at various phases of reach-to-grasp tasks. Motor ability and daily function of all participants were evaluated using the Fugl-Meyer Assessment and the Motor Activity Log. Results. Four to 5 participants in each group were not included for kinematic analysis because of their inability to grasp a can. The dCIT + TR group showed better preplanned grasping movement and less trunk motion at the early phase of the reach-to-grasp movements than the dCIT or control groups. Compared with the controls, the dCIT + TR participants showed better motor ability in the overall and distal arm scores of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment. The dCIT + TR and dCIT participants demonstrated significantly greater functional use of the affected arm. Conclusions. Administering dCIT + TR produced additional benefits by improving grasping control and reversing the compensatory trunk movement at the early phase of a reach-to-grasp movement. The use of experimental tasks beyond and within arm’s length might improve our understanding of optimal upper extremity rehabilitation.
Constraint-induced movement therapy
Motor Control
Functional movement
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Purpose: Deficits in lower-extremity function and trunk control ability have a negative impact on individuals with hemiplegia. This case report aimed to describe the effect of trunk stability exercises using proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) on trunk control ability, balance, and gait in a patient with hemiplegia. Methods: A 77-year-old man with hemiplegia and trunk and lower extremity impairment participated in this four-week training intervention. Results: The patient demonstrated improvements in trunk control ability, balance, and gait performance. Outcome measures (Fugl-Meyer Assessment Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), Trunk Control Test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go test, 10 Meter Walk test) were measured before and after the training program. Conclusion: The results of this case suggest that a trunk stability exercise using a PNF program may improve trunk control ability, balance, and gait in a patient with hemiplegia.
Proprioception
Berg Balance Scale
Facilitation
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Abstract Study aim : To evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for frozen shoulder in perimenopausal diabetic women. Materials and methods : A single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted on sixty-two perimenopausal women diagnosed with diabetic frozen shoulder. They were divided randomly into two groups. Group (A) received physiotherapy program in the form of maitland joint mobilization for shoulder joint, self-stretching exercises, range of motion exercises (ROM) and strengthening exercises. Sessions were held 3 times per week, for 4 weeks. Group (B) study group: received the same physiotherapy program in addition to ESWT, once per week, for 4 weeks. Visual analogue scale was used to measure pain intensity, shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI) was used to evaluate disability level, while an electrogoniometer was used to measure shoulder flexion, abduction and external rotation range of motion. All measurements were recorded pretreatment and posttreatment program. Results : For intragroup comparison, significant improvement in all treatment outcomes was noted in both groups (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were found between both groups regarding all outcome measures in case of intergroup comparison in the study (P > 0.05). Conclusion : The use of ESWT have a positive effect in reducing pain and improving shoulder range of motion in perimenopausal women suffering from frozen.
Frozen shoulder
Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
External rotation
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Aims: This study aimed to determine the effects of manual therapy and scapular stabilization exercises combined with conventional physiotherapy on pain, functional status, and quality of life, and whether they are superior in individuals with subacromial impingement.
Methods: 30 patients between the ages of 25-65 who were diagnosed with subacromial impingement syndrome were included in the study. Individuals were randomized 1:1 to "conventional physiotherapy+scapular stabilization" and "conventional physiotherapy+manual therapy" groups. Individuals' age, gender, medication use, and presence of chronic disease were recorded. The presence of pain was measured by the Visual Analogue Scale, shoulder range of motion was measured by a goniometer, quality of life was measured by Short Form-12 Quality of Life Survey, and functional status was evaluated with the Questionnaire Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems. The conventional physiotherapy program applied to both groups included electrotherapy, passive and active assisted range of motion exercises, and rotator cuff strengthening exercises. Both groups received a total of 12 sessions of physiotherapy, 3 days per week, for 4 weeks.
Results: 19 females and 11 males, participated in the study. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at baseline assessment for pain at rest, activity, and night (p=0,37; 0,39; 0,17, respectively), range of motion of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and, external rotation (p=0,5; 0,1; 0,91; 0,9, respectively), Questionnaire Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems score (p: 0,09) and Short Form-12 Quality of Life Survey scores physical and mental component (p=0,23; 0,98, respectively). After treatment, both groups observed positive improvements in pain at rest, activity, and night (p=0,001), range of motion of shoulder flexion, abduction, internal rotation, and, external rotation (p=0,001), Questionnaire Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Problems score (p=0,001) and Short Form-12 Quality of Life Survey scores physical and mental component (Group1; p=0,001; 0,001, Group 2; p=0,001; 0,005, respectively). There was no statistically significant advantage among the treatment methods except for shoulder abduction and internal rotation range of motion parameters (p=0,04; 0,009, respectively).
Conclusion: When applied with traditional physiotherapy, both treatment methods provided significant improvements in pain, functional condition, quality of life, and joint motion clarity compared to before treatment. However, the methods applied are not superior to each other. It is important to choose the appropriate technique for the patient in the treatment of subacromial impingement syndrome, and it is useful to prepare personalized, combined programs. It is envisaged that researching more effective exercise methods for patients with subacromial impingement syndrome in the future will increase the usefulness of the treatment.
Shoulder Impingement Syndrome
Manual therapy
Subacromial impingement
Internal Rotation
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Abstract Thirty-six male college students served as subjects in a study that examined the relationship between isometric strength and relative isometric endurance of the right forearm flexor muscles. The percentages of maximum isometric strength used for the endurance tests were 30, 45, 60, and 75. Three equal groups were formed based on the strength level of the subjects, and an analysis of variance test was used to determine the existence of significant differences. Significant negative correlations were found between isometric strength and relative isometric endurance. The weak subjects performed significantly better than the strong subjects on the light weight loads, with no difference existing between the endurance performances on the heavy loads.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the role of isometric strength and range of motion in predicting Functional Movement Screen (FMS) scores of adults. A total of 120 participants (age = 34.62 ± 11.82 years; height = 170.56 ± 9.63 cm; weight = 73.62 ± 15.39 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. Anthropometric measurements were performed, including height, body weight, muscle mass, and body fat. Following this, the ranges of motion of the shoulder, hip, knee, and ankle joints were measured sequentially. Isometric strength and FMS tests were then performed. Hip extension isometric strength explained 23% of the variation in FMS total . The common effect of knee flexion, shoulder flexion, and dorsiflexion joint range of motion explained 34% of the change in FMS total (F (3−116) = 20.375, p < 0.001). A significant relationship ( R = 0.658, R 2 = 0.413) was found between hip extension isometric strength, knee flexion, shoulder flexion, and dorsiflexion range of motion and FMS total (F (4−115) = 21.952, p < 0.001). The common effect of all these variables explains 43% of the change in FMS total . The results indicate that the FMS test scores, which are utilized to evaluate the risk of injury in sedentary adults, can be significantly predicted by the effect of hip extension isometric strength and parameters related to knee flexion, shoulder flexion, and dorsiflexion joint range of motion. At this time, it is advised that range of motion and isometric strength be taken into account when determining a person’s functional movement capacity.
Ankle dorsiflexion
Knee flexion
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[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the relationships among trunk impairment, functional performance, and muscle activity during forward reaching tasks in patients with chronic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] Twenty-three chronic stroke patients participated in this study. Trunk impairment and functional performance were evaluated using the Trunk Impairment Scale, Berg Balance Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, and 10-Meter Walk Test. All subjects were asked to perform 3 different forward reaching tasks (affected side reaching, forward reaching, and less-affected side reaching), and measurements were taken during these 3 tasks by using surface electromyography. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the relationships among trunk impairment, functional performance, and muscle activity during the forward reaching tasks. [Results] Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a strong, significant correlation between the Trunk Impairment Scale and functional performance, that was associated with balance and gait ability. During the 3 different forward reaching tasks, muscle activities of the less-affected lower extremity were significantly correlated with functional performance. [Conclusion] This study revealed the correlations among trunk impairment, functional performance, and muscle activity during forward reaching tasks in patients with chronic stroke and emphasized the importance of trunk rehabilitation.
Berg Balance Scale
Functional impairment
Motor impairment
Chronic stroke
Stroke
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