Semi-Synthesis and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Pyrimidine, Thiazole, and Indole Analogues of Argentatins A–C from Guayule (Parthenium Argentatum) Resin
Chandrashekhar MadasuYa-Ming XuE. M. Kithsiri WijeratneManping X. LiuIstván MolnárA. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
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Abstract Argentatins A–C (1–3) , the major cycloartane-type triterpenoids of guayule resin, a byproduct of commercial rubber production, were converted into their pyrimidine (7–12) , thiazole (13–15) , and indole (16–18) analogues by a molecular hybridization approach. The cytotoxic activities of these fused heterocyclic analogues 7–18 were compared with those of argentatins A–C (1–3) against a panel of three sentinel human cancer cell lines [NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), and SF-268 (central nervous system glioma)], and normal human fibroblast (WI-38) cells. The cytotoxicity data suggest that the pyrimidine analogues 7 and 8 (derived from 1), 9 and 10 (derived from 2), and 12 (derived from 3 ) had significantly enhanced activity compared to the parent compounds or their thiazole (13–15) and indole (16–18) analogues. These findings indicate that triterpenoid constituents of guayule resin may be exploited to obtain value-added products with potential applications in anticancer drug discovery.Keywords:
Thiazole
Abstract Starting from the readily available ethyl 2‐phenyl‐4‐methyl‐thiazole‐5‐carboxylate (III), 2‐phenyl‐4‐chloromethyl‐thiazole (VIII) and 2‐aryl‐4‐chloromethylselenazole (XIV), 2‐phenyl‐4,10‐dihydro‐10‐oxo‐[1]benzoxepino[3,4‐ d ]thiazole (Ia), 2‐phenyl‐4,10‐dihydro‐10‐oxo[1]benzothiepino[3,4‐ d ]thiazole (Ib), 2‐aryl‐4,10‐dihydro‐10‐oxo[1]benzoxepino[3,4‐ d ]selenazoles (IIa‐IIe) and 2‐aryl‐4,10‐dihydro‐10‐oxo[1]benzothiepino[3,4‐ d ]selenazoles (IIf‐IIj) were prepared.
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Based on the data,pyrimidine analogues were classified as six species,including single substituted pyrimidine,double substituted pyrimidine,three substituted pyrimidine,four substituted pyrimidine,thiazolopyrimidine and pyridopyrimidine.Preparations and applications of pyrimidine analogues were also introduced in particular.
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Abstract Das Bromthiophen (I) wird zur Verbindung (II) nitriert und diese weiter in das Disulfid (III) übergeführt.
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Many heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atom are used in drug development. Thiazole is one of the most important heterocyclic compounds in drug design, which contains sulfur and nitrogen atom. Different site reactions in thiazole compounds extend to new drug synthesis and plays an important role in medicinal chemistry. Thiazole and derivatives are found to possess widely biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, anti-consulsant, anti-HIV, anti-hypertensive, anti-Alzheimer, anti-oxidant and anthelmintic. The aim of this review is to corroborate procedures which are available for the synthesis 1,3-thiazole derivatives
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Abstract ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
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Quinoline
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Objective:Assess cytotoxicity of medical device with silver nanoparticles and assay the reason of the cytotoxicity.Method:The nine kinds of silver nanoparticle samples in three types were tested by MTT cytotoxicity method.Result:The test showed that the cytotoxic ity in 9 final samples all were grade 3 to 4;the gels and dressings which are semi-finished products without silver nanoparticles,were grade 1 of cytotoxicity;patches were grade 4 of cytotoxicity;patches without adhesive were grade 1 of cytotoxicity.Conclusion:Silver nanoparticle medical devices in the present test showed moderate or severe cytotoxicity.Gels or dressings only which without silver nanoparticle showed slightly cytotoxicity.Patches only which without silver nanoparticle showed severe cytotoxicity,and adhesive is the main reason of the cytotoxicity.Whether the severe cytotoxicity will induce persist cell damage,and the detail mechanisms of silver nanoparticle or adhesive-induced cytotoxicity need further investigation.
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Eight aza-chalcones L1-8 and eight new platinum(IV) complexes C1-8 with aza-chalcones were synthesized. The complexes have been characterized by elemental anaylsis, IR spectra, electronic spectrum and 1H NMR. The cytotoxicity was tested byMTT assays and compared with the cytotoxicity of cisplatinum. The results indicate that the complexes C1-3 and C5-8 have cytotoxicity against tested A-549 cell line; moreover, the cytotoxicity of complexes C6 approached cisplatinum. The complexes C3, C4 and C6 have cytotoxicity against tested Hela cell line, but the cytotoxicity of these complexes is lower than cisplatinum.Most of the coorespounding ligands have no cytotoxicity against tested two cell lines, and the cytotoxicity of all ligands is lower than complexes.The results suggest that the cytotoxicity of all complexes againstA-549 cell line is better than against Hela cell line.
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