Application of Logistic Regression Analysis to Combustion of Toluene over γ-Alumina-supported Platinum Catalyst
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Catalytic combustion of an organic compound is characterized by an S-shaped curve for the temperature dependence of the reaction. Expression of this S-shaped curve with a mathematical function would allow highly accurate analysis based on a small number of data points. This study used toluene combustion over a γ-alumina-supported platinum catalyst as an example of a catalytic combustion reaction, and investigated whether the temperature dependence of the toluene conversion could be expressed by a logistic function. The parameters were obtained from the reaction data using a single regression analysis. The logistic function well represented the experimental data using the linear relationship as the function of temperature. Furthermore, the temperature at which the toluene conversion reaches 50 % can be objectively determined.Keywords:
Catalytic combustion
Logistic function
In this study, the photocatalytic decomposition characteristics of single toluene, toluene mixed with benzene, toluene mixed with acetone, and toluene mixed methyl mercaptan (MM) by UV reactor installed with $TiO_2$ -coated perforated plate were studied. The photocatalytic decomposition rate of single toluene, toluene mixed with benzene, toluene mixed with acetone, and toluene mixed with MM fitted well on Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) kinetics equation. The maximum elimination capacity was obtained to be $628g/m^3{\cdot}d$ for single toluene, $499g/m^3{\cdot}d$ for toluene mixed with benzene, $318g/m^3{\cdot}d$ for toluene mixed with acetone, and $513g/m^3{\cdot}d$ for toluene mixed with MM, respectively. The negative effect in photocatalytic decomposition of toluene are found to be in the order of acetone>benzene>MM.
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Ag-doped δ-MnO2 catalysts were synthesized using an alcohol-initiated redox precipitation method at room temperature; toluene was used as a probe molecule of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to evaluate the catalytic activity of the as-prepared catalyst. The catalytic activity evaluation revealed that the activity for catalytic combustion of toluene was much enhanced by Ag doping. The optimized catalyst (1Ag-MnO2) presented the best catalytic activity for toluene combustion, with the conversion of toluene corresponding to 50% (T50) and 90% (T90) at just 182 and 190 °C under testing conditions, respectively. In addition, 1Ag-MnO2 exhibited excellent long-term stability and water resistance. A series of techniques were used to characterize the as-prepared catalysts, and the characterizations demonstrated that the enhanced catalytic performance of Ag-MnO2 catalysts was closely associated with the much-increased active oxygen species content generated by Ag doping. Therefore, the alcohol-initiated redox precipitation method is a versatile process to prepare Ag-doped MnO2 catalysts, and the as-prepared Ag-doped MnO2 catalyst is a robust material for the abatement of toluene.
Catalytic combustion
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The Ce/Cu0.5Mn0.5/SBA-15 catalysts supported by mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 were prepared by means of impregnation.The structure and the surface properties of catalysts were characterized by XRD and TPR methods.They were tested for catalytic properties of toluene's combustion in atmospheric fixed-bed reactor.It was found that they all maintain characteristic of mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15.The active catalysis component Cu and Mn existed respectively as CuO and MnO2.When the Catalytic additive CeO2 was added in maintaining the active component Cu and Mn was highly dispersed and displayed higher catalytic properties.The best result of toluene's entire combustion at 480℃ could be attained with 12%Cu0.5Mn0.5 and 3.5% Ce.If toluene density is high and air speed is fast,the toluene conversion will become low.
Catalytic combustion
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Dichloromethane
Catalytic combustion
Catalytic Oxidation
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Surface oxides on smooth platinum, electrodeposited platinum black, and platinum black‐polytetrafluoroethylene molded electrodes have been characterized by anodic oxidation and cathodic stripping. The oxidation sequence for smooth platinum and platinum black electrodes is . At higher potentials smooth platinum forms and while platinum black forms . The initial oxidation of platinum to and subsequent reduction has been used as a basis for the determination of platinum electroactive surface areas. The formation of a "tight" structure on smooth platinum at higher potentials may account for some of the unusual properties of smooth platinum electrodes. The failure of platinum black to form tight may be due to irregular platinum atom arrangement and related to its catalytic properties.
Platinum black
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Chlorobenzene
Catalytic combustion
Catalyst poisoning
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Combustion catalysts free from precious metals, such as platinum, for removal of volatile organic compounds were investigated. Common metal oxides (titanium(IV) oxide (TiO2), alumina and silica) were selected as candidates for a catalyst for combustion of toluene at low concentrations. Complete conversion of toluene was not achieved even at 500°C without catalysts, although the ignition point of toluene is 480°C. TiO2 exhibited the highest activity for combustion of toluene among representative metal oxides. Toluene was almost quantitatively converted to carbon dioxide (>99% yield) over TiO2 under the condition of appropriate contact time at 500°C.
Catalytic combustion
Titanium oxide
Titanium Dioxide
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Various ZSM-5 zeolites with different morphologies (plate, brick, and spherical-like) supported Pt were synthesized as catalysts for the combustion of toluene. H2-TPR, SEM, XRD, N2 sorption, and NH3-TPD, among other methods, were adopted to measure their physicochemical characteristics. The findings show that zeolite shape substantially impacts the performance of the combustion of toluene. When compared to the other two catalysts, the plate-like ZSM-5 supported Pt (denoted as P-Pt/ZSM-5) exhibits better performance for toluene combustion due to its better dispersion of Pt species, smaller Pt particle sizes, and more potent acid sites. At 170 °C for 60 h, P-Pt/ZSM-5 exhibits the high stability with a 97% toluene conversion. Additionally, the toluene conversion only decreases by around 8% with the addition of 3.0 wt% H2O.
ZSM-5
Catalytic combustion
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Chlorophytum Phnom Penh and ivy were used to degrade various concentration of toluene and then the toluene content was detected by gas chromatography.The experiments show that the two plant species can degrade the toluene to some extent and the degradation capability will decrease with increasing the toluene content.Within the same period,the degradation rate of lower concentration(20 mg/m3)of toluene is higher than that of higher concentration(160 mg/m3).After 16 hours of reaction with chlorophytum Phnom Penh or ivy,the degradation rates of toluene(20 mg/m3)are 45.6% and 49.3%,respectively;however,the same values for toluene(160 mg/m3)are only 28.4% and 21.6%,respectively.
Degradation
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Catalytic combustion
Degradation
Reusability
Catalytic Oxidation
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