Synthesis and photophysical properties of ternary β-diketonate europium(III) complexes incorporating bipyridine and its derivatives
Idris Juma Al-BusaidiRashid IlmiDanyang ZhangJosé Diogo L. DutraWillyan F. OliveiraNawal K. Al‐RasbiLiang ZhouWai‐Yeung WongPaul R. RaithbyMuhammad S. Khan
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Europium
Bipyridine
Europium tetrakis dibenzoylmethide triethylammonium (EuD4TEA) is one of the most intense triboluminescent (TL) materials currently known. It was recently reported that the triboluminescent yield was increased by 82% by changing the starting europium salt from europium chloride to europium nitrate. Unfortunately, europium nitrate has been classified as a hazardous material that cannot be shipped by air, which limits the availability of manufacturers and increases the cost. In an effort to further reduce the synthesis cost of EuD4TEA, we explore the effects of europium acetate on the triboluminescent properties of EuD4TEA by comparing the triboluminescent yield. The photoluminescent spectra as well as crystal structure using an optical microscope will also be explored.
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Two new europium (III) complexes luminescent materials, Eu-PDA and Eu-PDA-Phen, were prepared by the reaction of Eu(NO3)3·6H2O with 2, 3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid (PDA) and 1,10-phenanthroline, respectively. The luminescent properties of two europium (III) complexes in solid and in organic solvents have been studied. The effect of organic solvents and metal ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) on the luminescent intensity of the Eu (III) complexes have also been investigated. The results show that the metal ions (Ca2+ and Mg2+) could enhance the luminescent intensity of Eu-PDA-Phen complex and reduce luminescent intensity of Eu-PDA complex. The polarity of organic solvents is an important factor on the luminescent intensity of two complexes.
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The europium-151 Mossbauer spectra of the Eu(14)MnP(11), Eu(14)MnAs(11), and Eu(14)MnSb(11) Zintl compounds, measured between 4.2 and 100 K, reveal europium(II) for all four crystallographically inequivalent europium sites in Eu(14)MnAs(11) and Eu(14)MnSb(11) and europium(II) and europium(III) for the three 32g and the 16f europium sites in Eu(14)MnP(11), respectively. Below the ordering temperatures of 52, 74, and 92 K, only very small hyperfine fields of 2-4 T are observed at the europium sites as a result of the polarization by the manganese magnetic moments. At 4.2 K, the europium(II) magnetic moments are ordered, and hyperfine fields of 24.4, 24.8, and 19.3 T are observed in Eu(14)MnP(11), Eu(14)MnAs(11), and Eu(14)MnSb(11), respectively, fields that are typical for magnetically ordered europium(II) ions. At 4.2 K the 16f europium(III) sites in Eu(14)MnP(11) experience a transferred hyperfine field of 33 T from the neighboring ordered europium(II) moments. Between its Curie temperature and 4.2 K, the europium-151 Mossbauer spectra of Eu(14)MnSb(11) reveal that the europium(II) moments order below ca. 13 K, i.e., below the second magnetic transition observed in magnetic measurements. Between their Curie temperatures and 4.2 K, the europium-151 Mossbauer spectra of Eu(14)MnP(11) and Eu(14)MnAs(11) are complex and have been analyzed with two models, models that give equivalently good fits. However, the second model in which the spectra are fit with a three-dimensional relaxation of the europium(II) and europium(III) hyperfine fields is preferred for its physical meaning and its reduced number of fitted parameters.
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Abstract Employing a standard protocol for the preparation of a trisbenzoylacetonato europium(III) complex with 4‐bromo benzoylacetone 2 as ligand, a new europium species was synthesized and characterized. The X‐ray crystal structure analysis revealed a new europium cluster consisting of six europiumcentres.
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