Collision dynamics of alpha-conjugate nuclei
K. SchmidtX. G. CaoE. J. KimK. HagelM. BarbuiJ. GauthierS. WuenschelG. GiulianiM. R. D. RodriguesH. ZhengM. J. HuangA. BonaseraReiko WadaZhangJ. B. Natowitz
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Alpha (finance)
Conjugate
Dynamics
Momentum transfer
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The rotational bands with the diatomic-molecule-like structure in the self-conjugate 4n light nuclei, such as, α-α, α-12C and α-16O, appear systematically at near the threshold energy for the decay into the relevant subunit nuclei. The relations between the structure change into the molecule-like structure and the threshold energy for the decay into the subunit nuclei are discussed. According to this discussions, the diagram for the systematic structure change into the molecule-like structures through the alpha particle release is presented as the function of the mass number and the energy. Upon this diagram the rotational bands with K = 0± in light 4n nuclei can be summarized. The order of the degree of the polarization toward the separation of the subunit nuclei for the diatomic molecule-like structure case is discussed qualitatively.
Diatomic molecule
Rotational energy
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Alpha particle
Alpha (finance)
Characterization
Alpha decay
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Analysis of the $^{150}\mathrm{Sm}$(p,\ensuremath{\alpha}) reaction with the triton pickup and \ensuremath{\alpha} knockout models fails to give the magnitude of the measured cross section. We show that a calculation based on a collective form factor successfully gives both the angular distribution and the absolute magnitude of the cross section. Some insight into the collective process is provided by the recent extension of the interacting boson model to alpha clustering in deformed nuclei.
Absolute magnitude
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Radioactive decay of nuclei via emission of α-particles has been studied theoretically in the framework of a superasymmetric fission model using the double folding (DF) procedure for obtaining the α-nucleus interaction potential. The DF nuclear potential has been obtained by folding in the density distribution functions of the α nucleus and the daughter nucleus with a realistic effective interaction. The M3Y effective interaction has been used for calculating the nuclear interaction potential which has been supplemented by a zero-range pseudo-potential for exchange along with the density dependence. The nuclear microscopic α–nucleus potential thus obtained has been used along with the Coulomb interaction potential to calculate the action integral within the WKB approximation. This subsequently yields calculations for the half-lives of α decays of nuclei. The density dependence and the exchange effects have not been found to be very significant. These calculations provide reasonable estimates for the lifetimes of α-radioactivity of nuclei.
WKB approximation
Alpha decay
Folding (DSP implementation)
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From phenomenological considerations, a mass formula is derived to calculate the interaction energy among the last two neutrons and last two protons in a nucleus. This interaction energy is the intra-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster energy of the last $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ cluster in the nucleus. Then from a proper analysis of these intra-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster energies, a separation of the intra- and inter-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster energies out of the total binding energy of the nucleus is made. Clear ideas about the sizes of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ clusters relative to the size of the free $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particle and also about the degree of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ clustering in each $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ nucleus are obtained. Positive evidence supporting the additive nature of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster interaction is found. Finally, the intra-$\ensuremath{\alpha}$-cluster interaction energies are compared with the $\mathrm{nn}$-, $\mathrm{pp}$-, and $\mathrm{np}$-interaction energies in the same even-even self-conjugate nuclei in order to explore the similarities between the nature of two-body and four-body interactions.
Alpha particle
Alpha (finance)
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In the events of peripheral dissociation of relativistic nuclei in the nuclear track emulsion, it is possible to study the emerging ensembles of He and H nuclei, including those from decays of unstable 8Be and 9B nuclei, as well as the Hoyle state. These extremely short-lived states are identified by invariant masses calculated from the angles in 2α-pairs, 2αp- and 3α-triplets in the approximation of conservation of momentum per nucleon of the primary nucleus. In the same approach, it is possible to search for more complex states. This paper explores the correlation between the formation of 8Be nuclei and the multiplicity of accompanying α-particles in the dissociation of relativistic 16O, 22Ne, 28Si, and 197Au nuclei. On the above basis, estimates of this correlation are presented for the unstable 9B nucleus and the Hoyle state. The enhancement in the 8Be contribution to dissociation with the α-particle multiplicity has been found. Decays of 9B nuclei and Hoyle states follow the same trend.
Multiplicity (mathematics)
Fragmentation
Nuclear track
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