ASSESSING THE EFFECTS OF COMPETION ON VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE IN COLLEGIATE MALES
Andy BosakAbe FrechMoroni de MoorsAdriel LauMaggie McDermottBranden ZiebellMadeline ShanahanHannah NelsonRussell Lowell
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Abstract:
The vertical jump (VJ) test is often administered in various sport sectors such as the NBA and NFL combines in order to possibly predict future athlete success. The VJ test is designed to assess lower body peak power by having subjects explosively jump vertically and recording the maximum jump height. Previous research studies have examined different focal points and/or appropriate recovery protocols that may contribute to higher jumping performance in various types of athletes. However, many athletes perform in a competitive setting in their respective sports. Thus, replicating a "competitive environment" during a VJ assessment test setting may elicit an ergogenic effect on an individual's jumping performance. PURPOSE: to determine if competition will have an impact on vertical jump performance in males with an athletic background. METHODS: Twenty-eight no less than averagely fit college aged males had descriptive data collected (i.e. age, HT, WT, BF%) and their reach height measured. Participants then completed a dynamic 8 min warmup and then received a 4 min passive recovery (PR) period. Subjects then completed four familiarization jumps in a counter movement manner and then had another 4 min of PR. After the 2nd 4 min PR period, participants completed six jumps for both jump series with thirty seconds of rest between jumps and 6 min of PR between each jump series. The jump series protocol consisted of two separate counterbalanced jump series. One series consisted of a solo jump (SJ) setting where the subject jumped alone. The competitive jump series occurred where one subject jumped against another subject. A paired-samples t-Test was used to analyze the highest SJ and CJ jumps with significance determined at an alpha level of 0.05. RESULTS: CJ (73.97 + 10.20 cm) was significantly different (p = 0.002) than SJ (72.75 + 9.86 cm). CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that the VJ test competitive format may have elicited an increase in the VJ performance. Future research is needed to assess the effect of competition on VJ performance in female athletes as well as male athletes who specialize in sports with repetitive jumping movements.Keywords:
Vertical jump
Long jump
Jumpings are biotic motor skills with dual-purpose. They serve to man to overcome space and obstacles. Two basic elements of jumping are bounce and landing. Besides the jumps, jumping character have movement structures, such as: hops and skips. Most often, each of them in their structure have the elements which modify the basic structure of jumping, however, meeting the basic principles of jumping so may be and defined. In athletics, there are four jumping disciplines: long jump, triple jump, high jump and pole vault. Triple Jump is very demanding athletic technical discipline. The entire movement structure, which represents triple jump, is divided into its constituent parts: running start, first jump (hop), second jump (step) and third jump (jump).
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Humans and fleas have a common ability: they can jump from a standing start by stretching a pair of legs. However, when it comes to jumping performance, humans are puny. Bush-babies – particularly charming small relatives of monkeys – can leap to heights of over 1.5 m, about eight times their body length; locusts, with bodies about 50 mm long, can leap to heights of more than 700 mm. Fleas are even more spectacular, attaining about 100 body lengths. These differences are partly a result of their various jumping techniques, but does each animal necessarily use the best method for its size and body design? If humans jumped like fleas, would they jump any higher?
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ABSTRACT
STRATA 1 STUDY PROGRAM OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
FACULTY OF HEALTH KNOWLEDGE
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
THESIS, 2015
xv pages + 42 pages + 8 attachments
HERTA MEISATAMA /J120141070
“THE INFLUENCE OF DYNAMIC STRETCHING AND DEPTH JUMP EXERCISES TO THE VERTICAL JUMP IMPROVEMENT OF VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS IN SMP N 1 KAUMAN PONOROGO”
(The Consultants: Totok Budi Santoso, S.Fis, MPH and Dwi Kurniawati, SST.FT, M.Kes)
Background: a volleyball player must skilled to do vertical jump well, because it has some benefits and supports when the athletic performed defending/blocking and opponent smash. Leg’s muscles power have an important role to create jumping, so, it could performs jumping smash and blocking perfectly (Cahyadinata, 2011).
Objectives: to find about influence of dynamic stretching and depth jump giving to the vertical jump improvement of volleyball players in SMP N 1 Kauman.
Research Method: method used in this research is quasi experiment. Research design is pre and posttest two groups design with comparing between vertical jump before and after the players performed dynamic stretching and depth jump.
Results: Wilcoxon test results taken from dynamic stretching and depth jump is that, score of Sig p < 0.05 so, there is an influence of dynamic stretching and depth jump to the vertical jump. In Mann-Whitney Test score of Sig p < 0.05 so, there is the influence difference between dynamic stretching and depth jump.
Conclusion: there is an influence in dynamic stretching and depth jump giving to improve the vertical jump. There is a difference of influence amount between dynamic stretching and depth jump to vertical jump improvement.
Keywords: dynamic stretching, depth jump, and vertical jump
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Millions of athletes participate in the sport of track and field annually. Coaches at all levels are interested in identifying the athletes who have the potential to become top performers. While a number of tests have been used to analyze performance potential in running events, similar tests for jumping events do not exist. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether standing vertical jump test results could be used to predict performance in long jump, triple jump, and high jump events in track and field. METHODS: Fifty-seven Division II student athletes (27 males, 34 females) agreed to participate. Pre-season vertical jump scores were recorded by coaches. Season-best performances in long jump, triple jump and high jump were collected from meet results. Regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between vertical jump and performance in the various jumping events and to develop prediction equations. Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval was granted for this study. RESULTS: Vertical jump was shown to account for 72% of the variability in the long jump, 71% of the variability in the triple jump, and 51% of the variability in the high jump. These relationships were significant (p<.01). CONCLUSIONS: There is a correlation between vertical jump scores and track and field jumping performance. While other variables will also contribute to success in the jumping events, this simple test could be used by coaches as one predictor of performance potential.
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A major objective in volleyball training is to increase vertical jump height and jump speed. Various training approaches have been attempted to enhance the specificity of training for these elements of the game. Further investigation is needed to determine the degree to which selected jump training techniques might enhance game-specific performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of speed-jump training on countermovement vertical jump (CMJ), 3-step approach vertical jump (AVJ), standing blocking transition jump (SBTJ), and approach blocking transition jump (ABTJ). Female volleyball players (n = 21, age 15-21 yrs) served as subjects. Prior to training, each athlete was measured for maximum CMJ and AVJ using a vertical pole with moveable veins that measure vertical touch height. The training program consisted of performing 4 sets of 4 reactive jumps and was performed 3X/week for 6 weeks on an automated jump mat that recorded ground reaction time and the average of the 4 jumps. During training, each athlete attempted to perform her jumps as quickly as possible while maintaining an average jump height of at least 85% of their best CMJ. Following training, players improved significantly in CMJ (20.0 ± 2.3 to 21.0 ± 2.2 ins), AVJ (21.9 ± 3.1 to 23.0 ± 2.8 ins), SBTJ (17.7 ± 2.9 to 20.0 ± 2.4 ins), and ABTJ (20.8 ± 3.3 to 22.4 ± 2.8 ins). The relative increase in SBTJ (14.0 ± 8.9%) was significantly greater than for ABTJ (9.1 ± 9.6%), AVJ (5.9 ± 8.2%), and (4.8 ± 4.2%), with no significant difference noted among the latter. It appears that concentrating on quickness in jump training while attempting to maintain a near-maximal effort can produce improvements in both jumping performance and game-specific quickness.
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By comparing the speed changes in different moments of high level male-triple jumping in colleges with photographs and record analysis,this article shows that the level speed of male-triple jumping has decreased in the following aspects: help to run,pedal,rise to jump,the single foot jump,the stride jump,jump up etc,especially the stride jump which becomes the main factor for the result.
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Abstract Introduction. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of traditional jumps and rope jumps during warm-up on power and jumping ability in trained men. Material and methods. A group of 12 national-level track and field athletes participated in the study. Peak power and jumping ability were assessed by having participants perform five alternate leg bounds, a countermovement jump (CMJ) and a drop jump (DJ). Three different warm-up protocols were used in random order, with 3-day intervals between them. The first involved traditional jumps, the second rope jumps and the control consisted of general warm-up only (jogging and stretching). Results. The rope-jump warm-up protocol significantly improved jumping distance (p<0.05) as compared to the traditional protocol. There were no significant differences in peak power or jump height among experimental groups in the CMJ and DJ. The study also revealed that traditional and ropejump protocols significantly (p<0.001) increased peak power and jump height for the CMJ and DJ, and jump distance for the five alternate leg bounds compared to the control condition. Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that a warm-up including rope jumps may be more effective for horizontal jumping tasks than a protocol with traditional jumps, and that traditional and rope-jump warm-up protocols provide similar levels of enhancement for vertical jumping tasks.
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According to such principle as sports skill form and law, education and train's gradual improvement, this thesis studies this way's feasibility and availability through studying the influences on the high jump education caused by increase height of jumping standard progressively, through regulating the difficulty of high jump in means of the height differences and let students grasp the skill of high jump so as to enrich the theory and way of high jump teaching and train to guide high jump's education and train.
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The purpose of this study was to develop a new method for measuring the common ability to perform the ballistic stretch-shortening cycle movement in unilateral horizontal jump events and to investigate the relationship between the performances of various jump events. Ten male college track and field athletes performed the rebound long jump test (RLJ test). The participants jumped from a 0.1-m-high step to the ground after an approach run (falling jump), followed by jumping without interruption for as far as possible (propulsive jump). The falling jump distance was set at 1, 2, or 3 m, and touchdown velocity, jumping distance, contact time, ground reaction force and leg joint torque were measured for all three falling jump distances. To evaluate RLJ test performance, the RLJ index was calculated by dividing jumping distance by contact time. Simultaneously, the rebound jump test (RJ test) method for measuring the common ability to perform the ballistic stretch-shortening cycle movement in lateral vertical jump events and the five steps of bounding (5SB) method for measuring the common ability to perform unilateral horizontal jump events were conducted. We found that there were no significant correlations between the jumping height, contact time, and RJ power [RJ power (W/kg)=jumping height (m)/(contact time (sec)/2)] of the RJ test and the jumping distance, contact time, and RLJ index of the RLJ test, or any of the three falling jump distances. Thus, it was concluded that abilities to perform those two tests differed. On the other hand, there was a strong correlation (r=0.859) between the RLJ index measured for a falling jump distance of 3 m (RLJ index3) and the IAAF score of track and field athletes. In addition, the pattern and magnitude for the ground reaction force and leg joint torque measured during the RLJ for a falling jump distance of 3 m had similar characteristics to takeoff in the long jump or triple jump during a competition. Furthermore, 5SB was correlated (r=0.790) with the IAAF score, but the correlation coefficient was less than that of the RLJ index3. The RJ index was not correlated with the IAAF score. These results demonstrate the significance of using the RLJ test and RLJ index from a 0.1-m-high step for measuring the common ability to perform the ballistic stretch-shortening cycle movement in unilateral horizontal jump events.
Stretch shortening cycle
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Touchdown
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Miura, K, Yamamoto, M, Tamaki, H, and Zushi, K. Determinants of the abilities to jump higher and shorten the contact time in a running 1-legged vertical jump in basketball. J Strength Cond Res 24(1): 201-206, 2010-This study was conducted to obtain useful information for developing training techniques for the running 1-legged vertical jump in basketball (lay-up shot jump). The ability to perform the lay-up shot jump and various basic jumps was measured by testing 19 male basketball players. The basic jumps consisted of the 1-legged repeated rebound jump, the 2-legged repeated rebound jump, and the countermovement jump. Jumping height, contact time, and jumping index (jumping height/contact time) were measured and calculated using a contact mat/computer system that recorded the contact and air times. The jumping index indicates power. No significant correlation existed between the jumping height and contact time of the lay-up shot jump, the 2 components of the lay-up shot jump index. As a result, jumping height and contact time were found to be mutually independent abilities. The relationships in contact time between the lay-up shot jump to the 1-legged repeated rebound jump and the 2-legged repeated rebound jump were correlated on the same significance levels (p < 0.05). A significant correlation for jumping height existed between the 1-legged repeated rebound jump and the lay-up shot jump (p < 0.05), although none existed for jumping height between the lay-up shot jump and both the 2-legged repeated rebound jump and countermovement jump. The lay-up shot index correlated more strongly to the 1-legged repeated rebound jump index (p < 0.01) when compared to the 2-legged repeated rebound jump index (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the 1-legged repeated rebound jump is effective in improving both contact time and jumping height in the lay-up shot jump.
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