Development of a compound oral liquid containing herbal extracts and its effect on immunity and gastric mucosa
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Abstract Nowadays, consumers have an increasing demand for health products. In this study, an oral liquid was developed using a compound extract consisting of three herbal extracts ( Dendrobium nobile Lindl. , Lycium barbarum , and Puerariae lobatae Radix) because the compound extract (a combination of all three extracts) was superior to every single extract in promoting the phagocytic capacity of RAW264.7 macrophages and the proliferation ability of GES‐1 cells. In this oral liquid, the dosage of the stabilizer and the sweetener was selected using a stability test and sensory quality evaluation. When 0.30% (m/v) xanthan gum and 0.20% (m/v) mogroside were added, the oral liquid had not only a good stability but also the highest sensory score for overall acceptability. The chemical composition analysis showed that the oral liquid had various functional ingredients including polysaccharides, phenols, alkaloids, and so forth. The immune‐enhancing efficacy of the oral liquid was evaluated in BALB/c mice by measuring the levels of different immune indicators. The results indicated that the oral liquid obviously enhanced nonspecific and specific immunity. A rat model with ethanol‐induced gastric ulcer was used to examine the protective effect of the oral liquid on the gastric mucosa and to explore the related mechanisms. The oral administration of the oral liquid for days significantly prevented the formation of gastric ulcer. This study provided an effective oral liquid that could enhance immunity and protect gastric mucosa.Keywords:
Oral mucosa
Radix (gastropod)
Lycium
The current research progress of postharvest physiology,lycium juice,lycium fruit wine,lycium fruit vinegar,extraction of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides,Lycium barbarum flavonoids,lycium seed oil,the present situation of dry products and complex food of Lycium barbarum,problems of Lycium barbarum processing industry were summarized.Advice was given to solve the problems.The further development trend of processing of Lycium barbarum was also proposed.
Lycium
Fruit wine
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Objective:To investigate the correlationship and its degree between the hemorrhage in gastric mucosa and oral nonsteroid anti-inflammatory medicines.Method:35 patients of hemorrage in gastric mucosa were detected with gastroscopy.30 normals were selected for this study.The oral medicines of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory,anti-platelet depressor and anti-cold in 1 week were analyzed between them.Result:There were 35 patients in hemorrhage group and 5 in control group to take the same oral medicine in 1 week,the difference was significant between them (P0.01).Conclusion:Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory medicines is the main cause of hemorrage in gastric mucosa.Certain hemorrhage in gastric mucosa may be special manifestation induced by some medicines.
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The aim of this dissertation work is acquaintance with the genus of Lycium. The dissertati-on mainly concentrates on the kind of Lycium chinense. The beginning discusses taxonomic classification, botanical description, distribution and history of this genus. Next is mentioned the presence of Chinese wolfberry, its characteristic and cultivation. Contained substance are described along with medicinal effects, forms of consumption, preparation and dosage, and culinary uses. In the narrower concept other selected species of genus Lycium, such as Lycium barbarum, Lycium ruthenicum, Lycium europaeum, Lycium pallidum and succulent species are examined.
Lycium
Ethnobotany
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This paper analyzed the quantities of active component of Lycium barbarum L. in different regions. Result indicated that there are obvious differences between the quantities of active component of Lycium barbarum L. in different regions. The quantity of active component of Lycium barbarum L. from Yingchuan(in Ningxia Province) is much more than that in Chaoyang (in Liaoning Province) and there are high content of polysaccharide and red pigment of Lycium barbarum L. which grow under the conditions of higher Accumulative temperature and weakly alkaline soil .
Lycium
Component (thermodynamics)
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By determining lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) in lycium barbarum aqueous extract in some different physical conditions (different extraction temperature, time and solvent ratio), the optimum results in experimental conditions were obtained as follows: 90℃ extraction temperature, 3h extraction time and 1∶15 solvent ratio, with a view of providing references for the production of lycium barbarum drinks, etc.
Lycium
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With the Ningqi 1 and Ningqi 3 as the materials,to study the effects of different concentration of PPP333 and CCC about Lycium barbarum L.seedlings,to study the effects of growth of Lycium barbarum L.for the number of times used CCC at the same level of cultivation and management.Experimental evidence,PPP333 and CCC can restrain Lycium barbarum L.seedlings' growth.When CCC was 1 000 mg/L,the growth restrain clearly.Repeated spraying of Lycium barbarum L.will continue to inhibit the growth of seedlings.
Lycium
Dwarfing
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This paper mainly reported the differences of physical and chemical composition of Lycium barbarum L.dried fruit in eight areas(Nanliang,Huinong,Guyuan,Zhongning,Inner Mongolia,Gansu,Qinghai and Xinjiang),thus to compare the quality differences of Lycium barbarum L.in different producing areas.Seven kinds of physical and chemical composition and three kinds of active ingredient were determined.Also variance,significant analysis,weighted scoring and clustering analysis of the results were made.The results showed that the comprehensive weighted score and the order of comprehensive quality of Lycium barbarum L.in different areas as follows,Zhongning 7.3Nanliang 5.1Xinjiang 4.8Huinong 4.5Gansu 3.8Qinghai 3.7Inner Mongolia 3.6Guyuan 3.2.The qualities of Lycium barbarum L.in NanLiang and HuiNong are very close to Zhongning’s.It was determined that the center of superior Lycium barbarum L.was in Ningxia,but the place has transferred to Nanliang and Huinong from Zhongning.
Lycium
Inner mongolia
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The contents of Lycium barbarum L. polysaccharides(LBP) in the normal and defective fruits of Lycium barbarum L. from different producing areas were analyzed. The results showed that the LBP contents in the normal fruits of different areas were 2.54%~3.52%, the LBP contents in the defective fruits were 2.10%~6.03%. Among them, the LBP content in the defective fruit of Lycium barbarum L. from Touying in Guyuan was the highest, namely, 6.03%, 1.63 times of that of the normal fruit, followed by the LBP content of the defective fruit from Baotou in Inner Mongolia, namely, 5.77%, 1.76 times of that of the normal fruit. In addition to Qinghai and Xinjiang, LBP contents of the defective fruits of the other areas were all higher than that of the normal fruit. In conclusion, the LBP extracted as an immune synergist from the defective fruits of Lycium barbarum L. has a broad application prospect in animal production.
Lycium
Inner mongolia
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Objective To study the DNA fingerprints of Lycium barbarum L.obtained from different areas.Methods DNA fingerprints of samples of leaves and fruits of Lycium barbarum L.from four large commercial centers were examined by RAPD.Results All leaves of Lycium barbarum L.showed similar fingerprints characteristics,while the fruits of Lycium barbarum L.gave considerable different results.Conclusion DNA fingerprint study is reliable for identifying Lycium barbarum L..
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Based on the analyses of present situation of the development of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia industry,the problems existing in development of integration are analyzed.A way is proposed to promote Lycium barbarum industry integration and benefit to its development,such as that,to extend Lycium barbarum industry chain with leading enterprise as key,to strengthen Lycium barbarum raw material production and base construction with multi-level comprehensive ways to meet deep processing requirements of Lycium barbarum enterprise,to implement brand construction and propaganda on the base of Lycium barbarum origin advantages,try to form the perfect marketing channels and marketing network,and more.
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