Formation of nanoporous Ge layers by ion implantation at different temperatures of c-Ge substrate
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Abstract The preparation of nanoporous metal structures has received a substantial amount of attention because of the unique properties and various applications of these structures. In this work, the preparation of nanoporous Pt structures by modification of nanoporous gold (NPG) surfaces with Pt was achieved. An atomic layer electrodeposition (ALED) technique previously reported for the modification of flat Au surfaces with Pt was applied to the NPG surfaces to produce Pt‐modified NPG structures. The optimal ALED parameters, such as deposition potential, time, and number of cycles, for the preparation of Pt‐modified NPG structures were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis confirmed the successful preparation of nanoporous Pt structures by ALED techniques. The Pt‐modified NPG performed well as a pH sensor with a Nernstian slope and negligible hysteresis. The method of preparing the nanoporous Pt structures reported in this work could be utilized in various applications such as electrocatalysis and electroanalysis.
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光的吸收的理解是必要的为有效光电并且有 IIIV nanowire 数组的 photodetection 应用。这里，我们相关有当模特儿的实验并且试验性地为改变 nanowire 直径和长度在 InP nanowire 数组验证光的预言的吸收。我们发现那在 400 nm 的程度中的长 nanowires 能吸收的 2,000 nm 有在乐队上面的精力的 94% 事件光豁开并且作为后果，点亮在简单光线光学，描述哪个将在 nanowires 之间旅行能被 nanowires 高效地吸收。当光从进数组最高区域的空气被联合时，我们的大小证明为长 nanowires 的吸收由插入思考损失是有限的。这些思考损失能被最近把一条更小的直径介绍给 nanowire 部分到空气减少最高区域。为有如此的 nanowire 形态学调整的 nanowire 数组，我们发现吸收比与增加 nanowire 的其余部分的直径单调地增加。
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有 nano 规模毛孔尺寸的 Nanoporous 铜被 dealloying Mn-Cu 先锋合金用一个免费腐蚀方法综合。结果的 nanoporous 铜的合金阶段，形态学和作文上的 Mn-Cu 先锋的热处理的效果被调查。作文在体积 Mn-Cu 先锋同类地散布，这被揭示，它因而充分导致更多为形成 nanoporous 铜的 dealloying。从到热的 Cu0.33Mn0.67 的 non-thermally 对待的先锋的 Cu0.49Mn0.51 和 Cu0.21Mn0.79 的合金阶段变化对待合金。在 nanoporous 铜的剩余 Mn 内容从 12.97% ～ 2.04% 被减少(臼齿的部分) 没有并且与 95 h 热处理，用先锋做了。dealloying 准备的 nanoporous 铜的典型毛孔形状没有热处理的先锋被划分成二个不同地区：一致双性人连续的结构地区并且模糊或没有毛孔结构地区。Nanoporous 铜具有用对待热的先锋做的一致像海绵的形态学，并且平均系带直径是 40 nm，比那远小从 non-thermally 对待的先锋，平均系带直径在被估计是大约 70 nm。
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For the application of high-surface-area nanoporous platinum (Pt) to catalytic device, electrodes and sensors, dealloying technique, which can synthesize nanoporous Pt, was combined with surface alloying technique. As a result, nanoporous structure with ligament and pore sizes below 10 nm was successfully fabricated on the Pt plate surface. Cyclic voltammetry in H2SO4 indicated that the nanoporous structure increases the true surface area by 170 times. The approximation by spherical pore model suggested that the nanoporous surface layer has a thickness of 200 nm.
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This work reports the effects of metallic glass precursors on the catalytic performance of nanoporous metals. Pd-based multicomponent nanoporous metals with similar nanoporous structure were successfully fabricated by electrochemically dealloying the Pd20Ni60P17B3 and Pd20Ni20Cu40P17B3 metallic glass precursors at the critical dealloying potentials. It was found that the glassy precursors with different chemical compositions result in different doping elements in the as-obtained nanoporous metals and thus lead to different catalytic activities.
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3D nanoporous graphene shows excellent physics and electrochemical performance in the fields of energy storage and conversion due to its high-quality and unique interconnected structure. Nanoporous metals, especially nanoporous Ni and nanoporous Cu, have high catalysis for the synthesis of high-quality 3D nanoporous graphene. This chapter presents an overview of the most recent research about the 3D nanoporous graphene, heteroatoms-doped nanoporous graphene, and the nanoporous graphene-based composite materials synthesized by using nanoporous Ni and nanoporous Cu.
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In this work, we compare the localized synthesis of germanium nanowires (GeNWs) to germanium nanowires synthesized under a globally high temperature environment. The localized synthesis of germanium nanowires is presented for the first time using the resistive heating of MEMS microbridges. The results of the localized synthesis process are then compared with the results of well-established high temperature synthesis processes for germanium nanowires. The effect of heat source and local temperature gradients on the resulting nanowires is assessed. The results suggest that optimal nanowire synthesis conditions in a high temperature furnace environment are no longer optimal in localized heating based synthesis. More specifically, there is a significant reduction in growth rates with the localized process. Differences in nanowire quality are observed as kinking and bending of the nanowires are a common result of the localized process yet rare in germanium nanowires synthesized in a global heating environment. Nanowires grown in a global heating environment exhibit larger average wire diameters, approximately 80 nm larger, compared to those synthesized using the localized heating process. Finally, nanowire tapering which is evident in the global heating process is not prevalent in the localized process.
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