Enzymatic response of mungbean (Vigna radiata) genotypes against Cercospora leaf spot disease
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Abstract:
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is one of the most valuable pulse crops grown in India. Mungbean suffers from several diseases with substantial losses in yields. Among the diseases, mungbean leaf spot disease is the most destructive which is caused by Cercospora canacens and cause heavy loss (0-61%) in yield in Indian subcontinent and adjacent areas of South-East Asia. An experiment was conducted to find out the enzymatic response of various genotypes of mungbean against Cercospora leaf spot. The level of antioxidant enzyme SOD, peroxidase and catalase increase in both susceptible and resistance cultivar, but in resistance cultivar the level these enzymes increases very rapidly as compare to susceptible cultivar. Based on the various observations, it can be interprets that in resistant cultivar, the higher level of ROS produced after inoculation is minimized up to optimum level by the action of these enzymes SOD, peroxidase and catalase, but not in susceptible cultivar. Plants show resistance or susceptibility for disease is due to the activity of SOD, peroxidase, and catalase. In F2 generation plants show segregation pattern in the ratio of 1:2:1 which depicts that the gene governing the enzyme activities are partial dominant in nature.Keywords:
Cercospora
Radiata
Inheritance of mutant and wild type leaf shape in greengram(Vigna radiata)and blackgram(Vigna mungo)
Leaf shape is an important phenotypic trait in Vigna spp. and to find out the inheritance of different leaf shape types in greengram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) and blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) intervarietal crosses were made among different leaf shape type bearing genotypes of greengram and blackgram during rainy season of year 2007. F2 and F3 populations are grown during rainy season of 2008 and 2009, respectively and they are phenotyped for the trait under study. Mendelian inheritance of ovate leaf shape in greengram and lanceolate leaf shape in blackgram was found to be controlled by single recessive gene in the entire cross combinations. The proposed gene symbols for leaf shape in greengram and blackgram are ov and OV, respectively. Since leaf shape is distinct morphological feature and is in case simply inherited, hence this can be used as potential phenotypic marker in genetic studies.
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ينتمي نبات فول المانج أو الماش (Vigna radiata L.) إلى العائلة البقولية Leguminace وله أهمية اقتصادية عالية حيث يستخدم في تثبيت النتروجين في التربة، كما يستخدم في تغذية كل من الأنسان والماشية. يتأثر التركيب المورفولوجي للنبات بشكل قاطع بالإجهاد الملحي، حيث يؤدي إلى انخفاض ملحوظ في نمو النبات والعمليات الأيضية. تم استخدام حمض السالسيلك SA في تخفيف الآثار الضارة للإجهاد الملحي على النبات، حيث تم دراسة مدى تحمل بادرات فول المانج V. radiata L. لتركيزات مختلفة من كلوريد الصوديوم NaCl كالتالي (0، 100، 200، 300) mM، وفعالية حمض SA بتركيزات (2, 1, 0) ppm لتخفيف التأثيرات الضارة للملوحة في مرحلة الإنبات معمليا في أطباق بتري، وفي غرفة النمو في الأصص البلاستيكية، تم اتباع القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة (RCBD) المنشقة لمرة واحدة (split-plot) حيث كانت معاملات حمض SA تمثل القطعة الرئيسة (main plot) والملوحة NaCl تمثل القطاع المنشق (sub-plot) بواقع ثلاث مكررات. أدت الملوحة إلى انخفاض في نسبة الإنبات ومعايير النمو (طول الجذر والساق وارتفاع النبات وعدد الأوراق لكل نبات ومساحة الورقة والوزن الرطب والجاف لكلاً من الجذر والساق وكذلك المحتوى المائي النسبي). ومع ذلك، أظهرت المعاملة بالنقع المسبق بحمض SA تركيز 2 ppm لبذور فول المانج أثر فعّال في تحسين معايير النمو في وجود وعدم وجود ملح NaCl، بينما لم يكن لتركيز 1 ppm من حمض SA تأثير واضح، وقد يعود ذلك إلى قدرة حمض SA على زيادة انقسام الخلايا في المناطق الإنشائية في النبات، وتنظيم الضغط الاسموزي والتوازن الهرموني، وكذلك تنشيط عملية البناء الضوئي.
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Through the analysis of the reasons for low yield of Vigna radiata L.in northern region of Shanxi,we summarized the high quality and high yield of cultivation techniques of Vigna radiata L.,which can provide feasible scheme for the high yield of Vigna radiata L.and improving the income of farmer.
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Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is having a desirable characters like short duration, high protein, less anti nutritional factors, nitrogen fixing capacity, suitable for inter cropping, making many kinds of foods for higher human consumption and cosmetics products and some of the undesirable characters like low yield, low test weight. The aim of the study is to check crossabil;ity of Vigna radiata with all wild Vigna species and to create variability through wide hybridization and to develop superior segregants for yield component coupled with pest and disease resistance. The interspecific crosses were attempted with thirteen wild relatives of mungbean (V. radiata) were employed with V. radiata as male parent. The highest pod set of 25 and crossability of 21.92 per cent was recorded by the cross V. radiata x V. radiata var. sublobata and lowest pod set of 2.0 per cent recorded by the cross V. radiata x V. dalzelliana in the direct cross combinations. The highest pollen germination 69.72 per cent was recorded by V. radiata x V. radiata var. sublobata. The estimates of pollen fertility was sufficient enough to recover F2 segregants in all the crosses combination. For all the traits in majority of the crosses, In the F2 generation the skewness was positive indicating that predominance of dominant alleles. Among the direct crosses V. radiata x V. mungo var. silvestris exhibited highest value for four characters viz., number of clusters per branch, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant and single plant yield. The cross V. umbellata x V. radiata showed better performance for the characters viz., number of branches and number of clusters in reciprocal direction In advanced generation of Vigna radiata x Vigna umbellata cross combination has expressed virus resistance for nine seasons. The same line was tested by agro inoculation for confirmation of resistance and was resulted found effective resistance. This line can be used MYMV donar. Conclusion of the studies are mungbean is highly compatible with other wild Vigna species. Donor development for different stress is possible in mungbean.
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Test weight
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Radiata
Mung bean
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In our previous study, we observed that paracetamol (panadol) influences the germination rate and growth biomarker of the Vigna radiate plants. To dissect out the paracetamol mediated changes in this study was undertaken. For this study, 10 days old seedling of Vigna radiata exposed to range of pandol concentration (.005, .01, .1, or 1.0 mg/L) through foliage of plants and harvested at 31st day. Obtained data revealed the dual response of panadol concentration: 0.1 mg/L of panadol significantly increased chlorophyll and leaf gas exchange traits (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, internal carbon dioxide concentration, water use efficiency and maximum quantum yield of PS II), whereas, 1.0 mg/L of panadol significantly reduced the above parameters. It is therefore concluded that low level of panadol enhanced photosynthetic efficiency of Vigna radiata plants; however, the response is concentration dependent and could be used as growth regulators for Vigna radiata plants.
Radiata
Stomatal Conductance
Water Use Efficiency
Photosynthetic efficiency
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Abstract Interspecific hybridization between Vigna radiata and V. angularis is reported for the first time. Two hybrids developed from embryos which were excised from immature seeds of V. radiata and cultured on artificial medium. The plants flowered early and continuously until death. No seeds were produced. Mean pairing at metaphase I was 2.39 II + 17.22 I (2n = 22).
Radiata
Mung bean
Interspecific hybrids
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Mung bean
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