Amazon Bark Anole (Anolis ortonii)
0
Citation
0
Reference
10
Related Paper
Abstract:
This is the species account about the Amazon Bark Anole (Anolis ortonii), a chapter in the Reptiles of Ecuador book. This account summarizes novel as well as historical information (recognition, natural history, distribution, conservation, etymology, and relevant literature) about the species and provides maps and images to facilitate identification of this reptile in the field.Keywords:
Anolis
Etymology
Identification
Anolis
Cite
Citations (7)
Raillietiella orientalis, an invasive pentastome parasite, inhabits the lungs of snakes as adults and is rapidly spreading in Florida and Australia. The species that serve as intermediate hosts are currently unknown. We conducted laboratory infection experiments with insects (Blaberus discoidalis), lizards (Anolis sagrei), and anurans (Anaxyrus terrestris, Lithobates sphenocephalus, Osteopilus septentrionalis) to develop an understanding of which species may serve as intermediate hosts and to determine the fitness consequences of infection by R. orientalis. Lizards and insects, but not anurans, were readily infected by consuming food that was contaminated with pentastome eggs. Anolis sagrei and L. sphenocephalus were both infected after eating a single roach that was infected with R. orientalis larvae. Comparison with uninfected control animals revealed that pentastome infection did not significantly affect survival or growth in roaches, lizards, or anurans. The life cycle of R. orientalis in Florida is likely to involve a sequence of three hosts, with eggs hatching in coprophagous insects that infect lizards and anurans that infect the definitive host (snakes) after they are consumed. Our results indicate that the native species that serve as intermediate hosts are unlikely to experience major negative consequences from R. orientalis, unlike the native snake species that serve as the definitive hosts. The diversity of species that can serve as intermediate hosts and the potential for vehicular rafting by infected roaches and anoles indicate that the rapid geographic range expansion of R. orientalis will probably continue.
Anolis
Iguanidae
Lithobates
Cite
Citations (8)
Anolis
Signature (topology)
Cite
Citations (1)
Anolis
Iguanidae
Cite
Citations (119)
Data on the thermoregulation of Anolis limifrons in Panama suggest that at least some tropical species are less warm adapted than previously thought. Anolis limifrons has a lower minimum voluntary temperature, eccritic temperature, and critical thermal maximum than a majority of the temperate zone lizards thus far studied. Thermoregulatory adjustment is by behavioral mechanisms as indicated by observations on basking and orientation. A seasonality in the preferred temperature is indicated by field data from the wet and dry seasons. It is suggested that the lower preferred temperature in the dry season is an adaptation to conserve water or minimize water loss. Anoles (A. limifrons and A. frenatus) in colsed canopy forests are less warm adapted than the grassland A. auratus, whereas an ecotone species (A. tropidogaster) is intermediate in its thermoregulatory characteristics. Differences in dermal morphology in three species of Panamanian anoles are suggested to be an adaptation to varied capacities of heat gain.
Anolis
Ecotone
Dry season
Panama
Wet season
Cite
Citations (70)
Cite
Citations (1)
tions of an insecticide with larval density and predation in experimental amphibian communities. Conservation Biology 15:228-238. . 2002. Interactions of an insecticide with competition and pond drying in amphibian communities. Ecological Applications 12:307-316. BOONE, M. D., C. M. BRIDGES, AND B. B. ROTHERMEL. 2001. Growth and development of larval green frogs (Rana clamitans) exposed to multiple doses of an insecticide. Oecologia 129:518-524. BRIDGES, C. M. 1997. Tadpole swimming performance and activity affected by acute exposure to sublethal levels of carbaryl. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 16:1935-1939. . 2000. Long-term effects of pesticide exposure at various life stages of the southern leopard frog, Rana sphenocephala. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 39:91-96. Cox, C. 1993. Carbaryl. Journal of Pesticide Reform 13:31-36.
Bufo
Cite
Citations (31)
In Brazil, the Amazon is defined in the Law. Legal Amazônia is located in the north and consists of the entire territories of the states of Acre, Amazonas, Rondônia, Roraima, Amapá, Pará, Mato Grosso, Tocantins and the portion of the state of Maranhão west of longitude 44 (Figure 1). Defined in this waythe region has an area of 5,034,740 km2 which represents more than 59% of the Brazilian territory (Rocha, 2005). The region is mainly covered by tropical forest, 80% of it still unexplored or preserved. According to the 2010 census, the population of the Amazon (including the entire state of Maranhão) reached morethan 25 million people (13% of the country), mostly located in areas considered urban.Key-word: Legal Amazônia. Brazilian territory. Controlling deforestation.
Deforestation
Longitude
Cite
Citations (0)
Clones of the unisexual fish Poecilia formosa , the Amazon molly, live in the wild in association with their progenitor bisexual species, and compete with them for resources. These resources include food, space and also mates, since the Amazon molly reproduces gynogenetically, a process in which sperm transferred from a male host species activates their eggs. Earlier studies of the adaptive mechanisms that facilitate the coexistence of the bisexual and unisexual forms have focused upon male behaviour, but recent work with another unisexual species, Poeciliopsis , demonstrated that female aggressive behaviour may play an important part in determining the ecological standing of a clone. We have extended our observations to female mating behaviour in two clones in the Amazon molly; clone 1 that does not thrive well under laboratory culture; and clone 2 that is hardy and survives very well. There was no aggression between the clones, nor did the clones show aggression towards females of the bisexual species. However, clone 1 consistently was more successful in the number of mating encounters made with the male; it approached the male more often than clone 2 and fled from the male less often. Males also showed some preference for mating with clone 1 females. If there are physiological differences in the wild clones similar to those seen in the laboratory, the mating advantage of the less robust clone 1 may ensure its continued survival in competition with a more vigorous clone.
Poecilia
clone (Java method)
Poeciliidae
Cite
Citations (1)
The behavior of Anolis auratus, a Panamanian grass anole, was observed in a natural pop- ulation and in an outdoor enclosure at a natural density. Adult males were either territorial or non- territorial. Territorial adult males gave challenge displays to other individuals and excluded other adult males if they attempted to give challenge displays in return. Males which gave a head nod display (little or no dewlap extension) in response to the initial challenge display were tolerated by the territorial male as were females and immatures. An outdoor arena was used to stage a series of nine encounters between pairs of adult males of equal size. The interactions were characterized by one or more agonistic contests, and a dominant/subordinate relationship was usually established within a few hours. The dominant and subordinate males behaved, respectively, like the territorial and non-territorial males observed in the natural population. The presence of subordinate adult males within the territories of territorial adult males during the breeding season has not been previously reported for any Anolis species. The existence of this social structure is attributed to aspects of the physical structure and to the transient nature of the grass habitat.
Anolis
Agonistic behaviour
Cite
Citations (26)