Recent trends in water purification using electrospun nanofibrous membranes
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Portable water purification
Electrospinning
Filtration (mathematics)
Most surface water treatment plants use floc-filtration as the most important treatment step in drinking water production. This paper presents a new technological development which allows floc-filtration to be carried out in pressure filters. Experiments in pilot and full scale show its high efficiency. The technological development allows us to treat algal-rich and high turbid matter containing raw water efficiently at high filtration rates. Floc formation can be realised by means of a special reaction tank in front of the filter inlet. Efficient removal of particles and turbidity is achieved if filtration with filter inlet flow controller is used.
Filtration (mathematics)
Turbidity
Raw water
Slow sand filter
Particle (ecology)
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Sedimentation
Filtration (mathematics)
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Electrospinning is a relatively simple method to produce submicron fibers from solutions of different polymers and polymer blends. The extensive application in future of electrospinning nanofibers is filtration. The objective is to study on the filtration properties of electrospinning nanofibers. During the experiments,nanofibers layers with different area weight are placed on the spunbond or meltblown sublayers. After the cross-linking, the filtration properties are tested. The result shows that the filtration efficiency and filtration resistance both increase sharply when nanofibers layers are added to the sublayers. Moreover, the pore diameter of nanofibers layers are much smaller than the sublayers.
Electrospinning
Filtration (mathematics)
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To live in the world, water is an essential need to everyone. On other hand, to have a healthy life purified water is required for all. In connection with that, this paper has presented a novel survey about the membrane filtration technologies which is using for purifying the water and treating the waste water. MWTS (Membrane Water Treatment Systems) is mainly used for purifying the water, in terms of removing microorganisms, particulates and natural organic materials that foul water's taste and purification. The paper is segregated into four divisions that, Micro Filtration (MF), Ultra Filtration (UF), Nano Filtration (NF) and Reverse osmosis (RO).
Filtration (mathematics)
Portable water purification
Membrane Technology
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In order to achieve an efficient and economical advanced drinking water treatment system, the relationship between operating conditions, membrane filtration flux and water qualities was examined by using pilot plant consisting of ozonation facility and ozone resistant microfiltration (MF) module. In previous reports, it became obviously that interplay between foulant on the membrane surface and ozone was important for high filtration flux. In this study, membrane filtration system which ozone was used for backwash was examined on the assumption for unnecessary raw water of advanced treatment. From experimental results, it was found that backwash by permeate containing ozone made it possible to provide a high filtration flux. Furthermore, the long term running test was carried out at the flux of more than 2m^3/m^2/day in the condition of backwash by permeate containing dissolved ozone of 7mg/L. And quality of filtrate of the MF module constantly satisfied the Japanese standard for drinking water.
Filtration (mathematics)
Raw water
Membrane Technology
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In Harelbeke a Water Treatment Plant with a capacity of 15,000 m3/day, using Schelde river water has been in operation since April 1995. The treatment process comprises nitrification, dephosphatation by direct filtration, storage into a reservoir, direct filtration, granular activated carbon filtration and disinfection. The design of the three-layer direct filters was based on pilot experiments. The performance of the plant during the five years of operation is discussed. It was found that the removal of atrazin by activated carbon depends on the water temperature.
Filtration (mathematics)
Slow sand filter
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The principle,merits of electrospinning and its applications on wastewater filtration materials are introduced,including research progress both at home and abroad of prepared technique on adsorbant and photocatalytic properties by electrospinning.And it points out that electrospun filtration material will play an important role in future waste water treatment.
Electrospinning
Filtration (mathematics)
Air filtration
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ABSTRACT The upgrading of the Ivry‐sur‐Seine water‐treatment plant, which produces potable water for consumption in Paris, is described. This upgrading is based on the slow biological filtration stage. The pretreatment comprises a primary filtration stage through biolite, and a secondary filtration stage through sand, with the possibility of coagulation. The polishing treatment includes ozonation and biological filtration through granular activated carbon. Ozone is produced from pure oxygen, with two ozone generators operating at medium frequency and producing a total of 52 kg/h. A description of pilot tests of the upgraded plant is given, together with the first results.
Filtration (mathematics)
Potable water
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Microplastics detected in potable water sources and tap water have led to concerns about the efficacy of current drinking water treatment processes to remove these contaminants. It is hypothesized that drinking water resources contain nanoplastics (NPs), but the detection of NPs is challenging. We, therefore, used palladium (Pd)-labeled NPs to investigate the behavior and removal of NPs during conventional drinking water treatment processes including ozonation, sand and activated carbon filtration. Ozone doses typically applied in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) hardly affect the NPs transport in the subsequent filtration systems. Amongst the different filtration media, NPs particles were most efficiently retained when aged (i.e. biofilm coated) sand was used with good agreements between laboratory and pilot scale systems. The removal of NPs through multiple filtration steps in a municipal full-scale DWTP was simulated using the MNMs software code. Removal efficiencies exceeding 3-log units were modeled for a combination of three consecutive filtration steps (rapid sand filtration, activated carbon filtration and slow sand filtration with 0.4-, 0.2- and 3.0-log-removal, respectively). According to the results from the model, the removal of NPs during slow sand filtration dominated the overall NPs removal which is also supported by the laboratory-scale and pilot-scale data. The results from this study can be used to estimate the NPs removal efficiency of typical DWTPs with similar water treatment chains.
Filtration (mathematics)
Tap water
Portable water purification
Slow sand filter
Trihalomethane
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