Plasmonic Au Nanoparticle@Ti3C2Tx Heterostructures for Improved Oxygen Evolution Performance
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As we know, in plasmonic-enhanced heterogeneous catalysis, the reaction rates could be remarkably accelerated by generating hot carriers in the constituent nanostructured metals. To further improve the reaction rate, well-defined heterostructures based on plasmonic gold nanoparticles on MXene Ti3C2Tx nanosheets (Au NPs@Ti3C2Tx) were rationally designed and systematically investigated to improve the performance of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The results demonstrated that the catalysis performance of the Au NPs@Ti3C2Tx system could be easily tuned by simply varying the concentration and size of Au NPs, and Au NPs@Ti3C2Tx with an average Au NP diameter (∼10 nm) exhibited a 2.5-fold increase in the oxidation or reduction current compared with pure Ti3C2Tx. The enhanced OER performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect of the plasmonic hot hole injection and Schottky junction carrier trapping. Owing to easy fabrication of Au NPs@Ti3C2Tx, the tunable size and concentration of Au NPs loaded on MXene nanosheets, and the significantly enhanced OER, it is expected that this work can lay the foundation to the design of multidimensional MXene-based heterostructures for highly efficient OER performance.Keywords:
Oxygen evolution
Plasmonic Nanoparticles
plasmonic 结构的实现通常要求昂贵的制造技术，例如电子横梁和集中的离子横梁平版印刷术，允许低维的结构的自顶向下的制造。以一种自底向上的方式做 plasmonic 结构的另一条途径是胶体的合成，它对液体状态应用或聚集问题是重要挑战的很薄的稳固的电影方便。用这些方法准备的体系结构典型地不为容易的处理和方便集成是足够柔韧的。因此，开发没有不利地影响 plasmonic，有大规模尺寸的柔韧的站台展示的新 plasmonic 在高需求。作为一个答案，这里我们在场合成结构由金 nanoparticles (Au NP ) 组成在大规模上合并了到蔗糖 macrocrystals 的新 plasmonic，当保存 Au NP 的 plasmonic 性质并且在同时处理提供坚韧性时。作为概念示范的一个证明，我们在场经由在蔗糖晶体结合这些 Au NP 的 plasmonic 的绿 CdTe 量点(QD ) 的荧光改进。获得的合成材料展览厘米规模尺寸和产生的量效率(QE ) 被 58% 经由在 Au NP 和 CdTe QD 之间的相互影响提高(从 24% ～ 38%) 。而且，一从 11.0 ～ 7.40 在光致发光一生弄短 ns，对应于 2.4 的一个地改进因素，在 Au NP 的介绍之上被观察进 QD 合并 macrocrystals。这些结果建议如此的香甜的 plasmonic 晶体是有希望的让大规模柔韧的平台嵌入 plasmonic nanoparticles。
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This paper presents a theoretical analysis of the electromagnetic response of a plasmonic nanoparticle-spacer-plasmonic film system. The physical system consists of a spherical nanoparticle of a plasmonic material such as gold or silver over a plasmonic metal film and separated from the same by a dielectric spacer material. This paper presents a complete analytical solution of the Maxwell's equations, to determine the optical fields near the gold nanoparticle. It was found that the electromagnetic fields in between the plasmonic nanoparticle and the plasmonic film are extremely sensitive to the spacing between the nanoparticle and the film. This could enable the use of such a system for various sensing applications. The non-local nature of the plasmonic medium was also included in our analysis and it's effect on the resonances of the system was studied. The analytical solution was compared with an independent numerical method, the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, to demonstrate the accuracy of the solution.
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Noble metal nanoparticles have been extensively studied to understand and apply their plasmonic responses, upon coupling with electromagnetic radiation, to research areas such as sensing, photocatalysis, electronics, and biomedicine. The plasmonic properties of metal nanoparticles can change significantly with changes in particle size, shape, composition, and arrangement. Thus, stabilization of the fabricated nanoparticles is crucial for preservation of the desired plasmonic behavior. Because plasmonic nanoparticles find application in diverse fields, a variety of different stabilization strategies have been developed. Often, stabilizers also function to enhance or improve the plasmonic properties of the nanoparticles. This review provides a representative overview of how gold and silver nanoparticles, the most frequently used materials in current plasmonic applications, are stabilized in different application platforms and how the stabilizing agents improve their plasmonic properties at the same time. Specifically, this review focuses on the roles and effects of stabilizing agents such as surfactants, silica, biomolecules, polymers, and metal shells in colloidal nanoparticle suspensions. Stability strategies for other types of plasmonic nanomaterials, lithographic plasmonic nanoparticle arrays, are discussed as well.
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Branched plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) composed of noble metals are an interesting subclass of plasmonic NPs due to their unique properties that arise from the strong electric field enhancements that occur at their tips. The plasmonic properties of branched metal NPs can be manipulated through altering their symmetry and structural features such as branch sharpness, composition, and their surroundings. In this Featured Article, the unique optical properties that arise from branched plasmonic NPs are introduced, which were revealed through pioneering studies of Au nanostars and related structures. Next, branched NPs with high symmetry are discussed as a model system to explore more fully how parameters such as NP size, shape, and composition impact their properties, enabling applications in chemical sensing and beyond. These studies provide design criteria and synthetic strategies toward new nanostructures with increasing structural and compositional complexity.
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To mimic the optical influence of disorder in condensed matter, the effect of uniform disorder on plasmonic resonances were investigated numerically and experimentally on aluminum (Al) nanoparticle arrays. Resorting to the analogue of a plasmonic periodic array to a crystal on the sharp optical spectrum and its anisotropy, the disorder in the transition from crystal to glass (with broadened spectrum and isotropy) is imitated by three kinds of Al plasmonic metasurfaces: varying the displacement, size and rotation of each Al nanoparticle in the periodic array. The random variation on the location or size of each Al nanodisk in the plasmonic crystal induces broadening and reduction of their plasmonic resonances without significantly shifting its wavelength. Moreover, by rotating each Al nanorod in the plasmonic crystal by a random angle, the polarization dependence of plasmonic resonances is progressively decreased by increasing the rotation disorder. Thanks to these three kinds of Al metasurfaces, an enlightened understanding of the random physics in the solid state and the influence of manufacturing deviation in nanophotonics is supported.
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Plasmonic nanocrystals with hot spots are able to localize optical energy in small spaces. In such physical systems, near-field interactions between molecules and plasmons can become especially strong. This paper considers the case of a nanoparticle dimer and a chiral biomolecule. In our model, a chiral molecule is placed in the gap between two plasmonic nanoparticles, where the electromagnetic hot spot occurs. Since many important biomolecules have optical transitions in the UV, we consider the case of Aluminum nanoparticles, as they offer strong electromagnetic enhancements in the blue and UV spectral intervals. Our calculations show that the complex composed of a chiral molecule and an Al-dimer exhibits strong CD signals in the plasmonic spectral region. In contrast to the standard Au- and Ag-nanocrystals, the Al system may have a much better spectral overlap between the typical biomolecule's optical transitions and the nanocrystals' plasmonic band. Overall, we found that Al nanocrystals used as CD antennas exhibit unique properties as compared to other commonly studied plasmonic and dielectric materials. The plasmonic systems investigated in this study can be potentially used for sensing chirality of biomolecules, which is of interest in applications such as drug development.
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Plasmonic nanocrystals with hot spots are able to localize optical energy in small spaces. In such physical systems, near-field interactions between molecules and plasmons can become especially strong. This paper considers the case of a nanoparticle dimer and a chiral biomolecule. In our model, a chiral molecule is placed in the gap between two plasmonic nanoparticles, where the electromagnetic hot spot occurs. Since many important biomolecules have optical transitions in the UV, we consider the case of Aluminum nanoparticles, as they offer strong electromagnetic enhancements in the blue and UV spectral intervals. Our calculations show that the complex composed of a chiral molecule and an Al-dimer exhibits strong CD signals in the plasmonic spectral region. In contrast to the standard Au- and Ag-nanocrystals, the Al system may have a much better spectral overlap between the typical biomolecule's optical transitions and the nanocrystals' plasmonic band. Overall, we found that Al nanocrystals used as CD antennas exhibit unique properties as compared to other commonly studied plasmonic and dielectric materials. The plasmonic systems investigated in this study can be potentially used for sensing chirality of biomolecules, which is of interest in applications such as drug development.
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The optical and chemical properties of plasmonic materials have sparked extensive research in exploring their applications in various areas such as photocatalysts, chemical sensors, and photonic devices. However, complicated plasmon-molecule interactions have posed substantial obstacles for the development of plasmonic material-based technologies. Quantifying plasmon-molecule energy transfer processes is a crucial step to understand the complex interplay between plasmonic materials and molecules. Here we report an anomalous steady-state reduction in the anti-Stokes to Stokes surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) scattering intensity ratio of aromatic thiols adsorbed on plasmonic gold nanoparticles under continuous-wave laser irradiation. The observed reduction of the scattering intensity ratio is closely related to the excitation wavelength, the surrounding media, and component of the plasmonic substrates used. Moreover, we observed a similar extent of scattering intensity ratio reduction with a range of aromatic thiols and under different external temperatures. Our discovery implies that there are either unexplained wavelength-dependent SERS outcoupling effects, or some unrecognized plasmon-molecule interactions which lead to a nanoscale plasmon refrigerator for molecules. This effect should be taken into consideration for the design of plasmonic catalysts and plasmonic photonic devices. Moreover, it could be useful for cooling large molecules under ambient conditions.
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Deep learning is used for predicting scattered radiation patterns from arbitrarily- shaped individual plasmonic nanoparticles, to predict scattered colours produced by plasmonic metasurfaces, and for the inverse problem – designing plasmonic metasurfaces to produce desired scattering properties.
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