Performance of prefabricated RC column with replaceable Column-Base connection under cyclic lateral loads
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Base (topology)
Structural load
Seismic loading
Abstract The aim of this paper is to analysis of a multi-stored building [G+5] using STAAD Pro by considering different seismic zones. The analysis of a multi-stored building [G+5] initially for all type of loads (Seismic load, Dead load, Live load and Wind load) and possible load combinations are performed as per Indian codes. The seismic analysis is done under different zones which are Zone-II, Zone-III, Zone-IV, Zone-V and also zone factor values are considered as per IS 1893-2002 (Part-1). By considering each zone factor value and loads including self-weight, member weight, floor weight in seismic load, dead load, live load and wind loads the structure may affect. Also observing the Shear force, bending moment and deflection values for the whole building in different Seismic zones by using STAAD Pro. In analysing the whole structure considering all parameters like all loads (live load, dead load, seismic loads wind load) and type of structure, damping ratio, importance factor, response reduction factor, zone factor/different cities under different zones plays major role in building how it reacts to it and by shear force, bending moment, deflection values states that it is safe in particular zones or all the factors must be taken in consideration to imply the building is safe or not.
Wind engineering
Structural load
Seismic loading
Shear force
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A method is presented to analyze and evaluate buried culverts and cut-and-cover tunnels for seismic loading in addition to standard static loading from dead and live loads. With CANDE-2007, a plane–strain finite element program, the soil–structure problem is characterized by a cross-sectional slice through the structure and surrounding soil envelope. First, the static design loads are applied with a series of incremental load steps. Next, the seismic loading condition is simulated by specifying quasi-static displacements at the peripheral boundaries of the soil envelope to produce a shear-racking distortion equivalent to the maximum free-field seismic shear strain from the design earthquake. The proposed method is based on two recently completed NCHRP projects and is presented here in detail. An initial linear-elastic study investigates two basic culvert shapes, circular and rectangular, wherein moment and thrust distributions from CANDE-2007 are shown to compare favorably with closed-form solutions. A second study investigates a nonlinear reinforced concrete box culvert installation under the combination of static and seismic loading. Plots of moment, thrust, and shear distributions show how and where the seismic loading alters the response of static loading, including the effect on safety factors for steel yielding, concrete crushing, and shear failure. It is concluded that the proposed seismic method is rational, easy to apply, and fulfills an engineering need heretofore unfulfilled. The procedure applies to any culvert shape, size, and material, and the safety of the culvert installation may be assessed by working either stress or load and resistance factor design.
Culvert
Seismic loading
Structural load
Envelope (radar)
Earthquake shaking table
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The combination of seismic and vehicle live loadings on bridges is an important design consideration. There are well-established design provisions for how the individual loadings affect bridge response: structural components that carry vertical live loads are designed to remain well within the linear-elastic range while lateral load carrying components are designed to yield under large seismic excitations. The weight of the bridge superstructure is taken in to account as dead load in structural analysis for seismic loads; however, the effects of additional mass and damping of live loads on the bridge deck are neglected. To improve the design of highway bridges for multi-hazard effects of seismic plus live load, many questions arise and are addressed in this project via numerical simulations of short span bridges. Further extensions of this research can be extended to long span bridges whose seismic response is more heavily influenced by vehicle mass on the bridge deck.
Structural load
Bridge (graph theory)
Seismic loading
Superstructure
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교량의 하부구조는 고정하중과 차량 활하중 등의 수직 방향 하중을 지지할 뿐만 아니라 횡방향 하중을 지지해야 하므로 교량의 안전성에 있어 매우 중요한 구조 요소임과 동시에 경제성에 영향을 미치는 요소이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 말뚝캡 직상부에 모멘트 집중을 피할 수 있는 말뚝형 기둥의 현장 적용성에 대한 기초적인 사례연구를 수행하였으며, 말뚝 본체의 구조성능보다는 지반의 지지력이 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. A substructure of bridges is very important structural element for safety and supporting not only vertical loads as dead load and live load but lateral loads as break load, wind load, seismic load, hydrostatic pressure and dynamic water pressure, lateral earth pressure, impulsive load, temperature change and load effect of temperature change, creep and shrinkage. Most of domestic bridges are reinforced concrete piers and have an effect on economy of bridge. Recently, understanding importance of substructure, we are getting more interested in new substructure system.
Substructure
Structural load
Seismic loading
Hydrostatic pressure
Shrinkage
Bridge (graph theory)
Hydrostatic equilibrium
Wind engineering
Dynamic pressure
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This paper is an overview of the work done for the design and analysis of the multi-storey building (G+5) under the effect of various forces acting on the building such as dead load, imposed load, wind load, and seismic load. The work was done for the purpose of designing and analyzing the building to withstand the effects of these various forces. The fact that these pressures are working on the building demonstrates that if the buildings are not carefully planned and built with enough strength, then this may lead to the partial or entire collapse of the multi-storey structures. It is necessary to do an analysis and design the structures of multi-story buildings in such a way that they are able to resist the numerous pressures that operate on these buildings in order to guarantee the inhabitants' safety. The primary purpose of this endeavor is to investigate and analyze the effects of wind and seismic activity on the structures. The residential building is a G+5 storey construction, and it is situated in Raipur city, which is the capital of Chhattisgarh state. According to the criteria for the study of seismic load, zone II applies to the location of the building. Throughout the course of its lifetime, every structure will be susceptible to the impacts of a variety of forces, including those caused by dead load, live load, wind forces, and seismic forces. Both wind load and earthquake load contribute to the dynamic load, whereas dead load and imposed load only contribute to the static load. The whole of the structure was analyzed with the assistance of the STAAD PRO programme.
Structural load
Wind engineering
Seismic loading
Wind force
Design load
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Most high-rise structures today are designed with floating columns for aesthetic purposes and the need for efficient use of space. Lattice columns are vertical load-bearing elements that do not extend the entire height of the building, they are usually located on one or more intermediate floors and support beams. These design innovations have benefits such as increased architecture and space allocation. Loads include load and side load. Heavy loads, including dead loads and live loads, are evaluated to determine the overall load distribution. Lateral loads resulting from earthquakes and wind forces are calculated based on local building codes. In seismic design, multistorey buildings with floating columns are analysed at different levels on curved planes to determine safe floating column locations. Structures can be analysed with symmetric information and dynamic analysis methods such as response spectrum or potential time. Preliminary analysis and equivalent static analysis using ETABS 2022. A 3D structural model was created to accurately represent the geometry of the building and its behavior under different load combinations was used to compare the building's response to seismic forces. The result is the behavior of the structure: shear strength, bending moment, deflection, and displacement. The results are obtained in the form of tables and graphs. The structures were built with M30 concrete and various types of steel. Reinforcement spacing and detailing is done in CSI Detail.
Structural load
Seismic loading
Shear force
Load bearing
Wind engineering
Response spectrum
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The paper deals with the development of load model for the Ontario Highway Bridge Design Code. Three components of dead load are considered: weight of factory-made elements, weight of cast-in-place concrete, and bituminous surface (asphalt). The live load model is based on the truck survey data. The maximum live load moments and shears are calculated for one-lane and two-lane bridges. For spans up to about 40 m, one truck per lane governs; for longer spans, two trucks following behind the other provide the largest live load effect. For two lanes, two fully correlated trucks govern. The dynamic load is modeled on the basis of simulations. The results of calculations indicate that dynamic load depends not only on the span but also on road surface roughness and vehicle dynamics. Load combination including dead load, live load, dynamic load, wind, and earthquake is modeled using Turkstra's rule. The maximum effect is determined as a sum of the extreme value of one load component plus the average values of other simultaneous load components. The developed load models can be used in the calculation of load and resistance factors for the design and evaluation code. Key words: bridge, dead load, live load, dynamic load, load combinations.
Structural load
Dynamic load testing
Design load
Wind engineering
Seismic loading
Structural Dynamics
Unit load
Bridge (graph theory)
Trailer
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Abstract This paper presents the analytical results of six steel bolted T‐connection models and four steel bolted beam‐to‐column connection models with top and seat angles. This study was undertaken to analyse the influence of bolted T‐connections instead of welded connections and the influence of angles with and without stiffeners on the behaviour of the beam‐to‐column connections under hysteretic loading. The aim was to compare the energy dissipation of different connections with each other. The energy dissipation characteristics are obtained from the main characteristics of moment‐rotation hysteresis curves. This study shows that the energy dissipation decreased by about 2–29 % and 2–13 % for bolted T‐connection and top‐and‐seat‐angle connection models respectively after switching from one cycle to another in five hysteretic loadings.
Hysteresis
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Seismic loading
Wind engineering
Structural load
Shear force
Structural Dynamics
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Sudan is not free from earthquakes. It has experienced many earthquakes during the recent history, and the previous studies on this field demonstrated this argument. This paper focuses on the study of seismic performance of existing hospital buildings in Sudan. The paper focused on studying design of reinforced concrete columns of a hospital building considering two load cases; case one is the design load including combinations of dead, live and wind loads and case two includes dead, live and seismic loads. The building was designed according to the Regulation of Egyptian Society for Earthquake Engineering (ESEE), using the linear static method (equivalent static method). The analysis and design were performed using the SAP2000 version 14 software package. The design results obtained from the two cases of loading were compared observing that the design based on case one was unsafe to withstand the additional load came from earthquake, because the cross sections and area of steel for the most of building columns are under the required values that needed to resist the loads of case two. If the building is constructed according to the design using the loadings of case one, this situation needs remedy. This paper suggested two solutions for this problem based on strengthening the weak columns by inserting reinforced concrete shear walls in the direction of y axis affected by seismic load. Solution one suggests shear walls of length 2.5 m with different wall thicknesses (15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm and 30 cm), whereas solution two suggests shear walls of length 4.5 m and 15 cm width. It was found that solution one solved the problem partially because some columns were still unsafe, but solution two solved the problem completely and all columns were safe.
Retrofitting
Structural load
Seismic loading
Return period
Wind engineering
Seismic zone
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Citations (5)