A ratiometric electrochemiluminescence strategy based on two-dimensional nanomaterial-nucleic acid interactions for biosensing and logic gates operation
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Keywords:
Electrochemiluminescence
Nanomaterials
Aptamer
Graphitic carbon nitride
Deoxyribozyme
Acceptor
Electrochemiluminescence
Graphitic carbon nitride
Nanomaterials
Carbon nitride
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To explore thermofluorimetric analysis (TFA) in detail, we compared two related aptamers. The first, LINN2, is a DNA aptamer previously selected against EGFR recombinant protein. In this work we selected a second aptamer, KM4, against EGFR-overexpressing A549 cells. The two aptamers were derived from the same pool and bind the same target but behave differently in TFA. Our results suggest four overall conclusions about TFA of aptamers: 1. Some aptamers show reduced fluorescence upon target binding suggesting that target-bound aptamer is not always fluorescent. 2. Many aptamers do not obey the intuitive assumptions that aptamer–target interactions stabilize a folded conformation. 3. TFA may be most appropriate for aptamers with significant double-stranded structure. 4. Kinetic effects may be significant and the order of operations in preparing samples should be carefully optimized.
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A novel visual electrochemiluminescence (ECL) analysis strategy for detection of telomerase activity is reported on a microarray chip, with G-quadruplex deoxyribozyme (DNAzyme) and luminol modified Au nanoparticles (NPs) as double-catalytic amplification labels.
Electrochemiluminescence
Deoxyribozyme
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Herein, a DNA biosensor with a hemin/G-quadruplex DNAzyme amplified luminol electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system was constructed for sensing silver ions (Ag+).
Deoxyribozyme
Electrochemiluminescence
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G-quadruplex
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Aptamers are nucleic acids that can bind to various molecules. Because they have some features that are lacking in antibodies, aptamers could serve as alternatives to antibodies. For the purpose of biosensing, we focused on aptamers that undergo structural changes on binding to their target molecules. We constructed an aptamer-based bound/free (B/F) separation system that uses a designed aptamer named the "capturable aptamer". The capturable aptamer changes its structure upon recognizing its target molecule thereby exposing a specific single-strand region. The oligonucleotide that is complementary to this exposed region, named the "capture DNA" is immobilized on a support. This design permits the exclusive capture by the capture DNA of the aptamer bound to its target, and subsequent removal of any unbound aptamer and contaminants by B/F separation. The removal of unbound contaminants or aptamers results in highly sensitive detection at similar levels to those achievable by sandwich-based immunoassay. We describe the construction of a thrombin-detection system by using a capturable aptamer, and we discuss the potential of capturable aptamers in clinical diagnostics.
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An ultrasensitive and turn off-on electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing platform was constructed by using manganese dioxide carboxylated graphitic carbon nitride (MnO2/C-g-C3N4) nanocomposite as the probe for L-cysteine (CySH) detection. In this work, we synthesized the MnO2/C-g-C3N4 tags via a facile one-step method. The ECL of C-g-C3N4 nanosheet can be quenched by the MnO2 nanosheet due to electrochemiluminescence energy transfer (ECL-ET) from C-g-C3N4 to MnO2, C-g-C3N4 and MnO2 as the energy donor and energy acceptor, respectively. However, the addition of CySH would lead to the elimination of ECL-ET, resulting in sufficient recovery of ECL intensity because it reduced MnO2 to Mn2+. Under the optimized conditions, the fabricated biosensor exhibited a wide response to CySH in the range of 0.50 nM to 1.0 μM and a low detection limit of 0.18 nM. Moreover, this convenient sensing system can successfully detect CySH in real human urine samples with satisfactory recoveries, which could provide a new way to detect CySH quickly and sensitively.
Electrochemiluminescence
Graphitic carbon nitride
Nanosheet
Carbon nitride
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Aptamer
SELEX Aptamer Technique
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