Economy-wide impacts of climate change: a joint analysis for sea level rise and tourism
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The economic impact of tourism on local economy of Sado-islands was estimated and analysed through I/O analysis method. it is shown the significance of tourism industry tourism industry with other industrial sectors, from which the way of contribution of tourism to Sado-island economy is suggested.
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Climate change impacts on forests are largely expected to intensify over the next few decades. Computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling is increasingly becoming a popular tool for assessing these impacts. Previous analyses in this area have been based on either single-region or multiregional CGE model specifications, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. To date, however, there has been no systematic comparison of the potential differences in economic impact estimates between the two CGE model specifications. To examine the extent of these potential differences, we conducted a comparative economic impact analysis of climate change in the forest sector across Canadian provinces, the United States, and the rest of the world using dynamic, single-region and multiregional CGE models over the 2006–2051 period. Results revealed that, within each region, different model specifications produced unique economic impact estimates, differing by as much as 18% under each climate change scenario considered. Overall, a majority of Canadian regions recorded smaller (in absolute value terms) and more positive economic impacts using single-region models compared with the multiregional model. Differences in international trade specifications between models, together with unique climate change impact considerations across regions, played key roles in the findings. While few general conclusions emerge from this analysis, it is clear that CGE model specifications can have a significant effect on regional economic impact estimates of climate change in the forest sector. Thus, caution is advised when using the estimates of any one CGE model for policy purposes.
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The paper for the first time systematically summarizes the development of CGE model in the study realm and perspective of oversea economic impact of tourism.Then the authors compare the difference of CGE model with other major evaluation methods about economic impact of tourism.Finally,the paper discusses the future trend for the development of CGE Model:embodying more real characters and tourism-related data and making in-depth analysis of economic impact of tourism;providing scientific basis for the formulation of tourism-related policies and decision-making and offering accurate tools for measurement to assess economic impact of special events.
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In this paper we developed and tested an integrated methodology for assessing direct and indirect economic impacts of flooding. The methodology combines a spatial analysis of damage to physical stocks with a general economic equilibrium approach using a regionally-calibrated (to Italy) version of a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) global model. We applied the model to the 2000 Po river flood. To account for the uncertainty in the induced effects on regional economies, we explored three disruption and two recovery scenarios. The results prove that: i) indirect losses are a significant share of direct losses, and ii) the model is able to capture both positive and negative economic effects of a disaster in different areas of the same country. The assessment of indirect impacts is essential for a full understanding of the economic outcomes of natural disasters.
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This article explores the use of computable general equilibrium (CGE) analysis in evaluating the economic impacts of special events. It is argued that CGE analysis is preferred to input-output (I-O) approaches for assessing other than local economic impacts. The article illustrates several differences between the alternative forms of analysis in event assessment. These include assessing the differential effects of events on the host region, other regions, and nationally and the ability to estimate interindustry effects. The article then shows how CGE models can be adapted to estimate the displacement effects of events, their fiscal impacts, intraregional effects, event subsidies, and multistate effects. The article also discusses how event impacts will vary depending on the extent of integration between regional and national resource markets and regional and national product and services markets and how labor markets are modeled.
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For approximately 40 years from the early 1960s, the ‘impacts of tourism’ was the most researched topic in tourism, and economic impacts were more researched than any other type in this period. When, in the late 1980s, Pearce discussed research on tourism impacts, he stated that the geographical focus of this research, was the tourism destination. As Pearce (1989:2) indicated: Studies of the impact of tourist development on a destination or destinations have been the largest single element of tourism research ... and has concentrated on the effects of income and employment. Despite this quotation coming from nearly 30 years ago, and taking into account the development of many different research areas in tourism since then, it is still the case that economic impact studies are a key focus in tourism research. Although, as has been stated in Chapter 6, economic impacts of tourism are linked to, and cannot easily be separated from, other types of impact, largely in an attempt to assist with understanding, economic impacts are discussed in this chapter separately from other tourism impacts.
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There are several models available to evaluate the economic impact of tourism. All are different from each other in terms of nature, structure, result driven, demand of the data and complexity. Most of the time it is not sure that model is appropriate for the situation where is it been applied. Numerous practices including 'Multiplier Analysis' and 'Input–Output Analysis' are still frequently used for estimation of economic impacts of tourism in change of traveller's expenditure. All the existing techniques have serious limitations, and therefore, alternative techniques have been proposed to address the existing problems. Amongst these models are 'Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model' and 'Money Generation Model (MGM)' that are comprehensively used in Australia, the United Kingdom, the United States and Canada to estimate economic impacts of changes and policies, across many sectors. Within the tourism industry, CGE technique has not been used broadly, resulting in poor estimation of economic impacts of tourism. Considering it, this paper will support the arguments of CGE and MGM modelling as the favoured practises in analysing the economic impacts of tourism and will discuss its prospective for the future research in this area.
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