A Survey of Psychiatric Undergraduates' Attitude Towards Psychiatry
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Abstract Objective To explore the attitudes of psychiatric undergraduates toward psychiatry. Methods A total of 434 psychiatric undergraduates in Chongqing medical university were investigated with a questionnaire. Results Although in general, psychiatric undergraduates showed a positive attitude towards psychiatry, opinions about certain aspects like the reputation of psychiatry and the income were not positive. Conclusion: There are still some misunderstandings for psychiatry even among psychiatric undergraduates, some of which are based on false beliefs that should be actively targeted for remediation．Public goods game
Value (mathematics)
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We present a content-driven reputation system for Wikipedia authors. In our system, authors gain reputation when the edits they perform to Wikipedia articles are preserved by subsequent authors, and they lose reputation when their edits are rolled back or undone in short order. Thus, author reputation is computed solely on the basis of content evolution; user-to-user comments or ratings are not used. The author reputation we compute could be used to flag new contributions from low-reputation authors, or it could be used to allow only authors with high reputation to contribute to controversialor critical pages. A reputation system for the Wikipedia could also provide an incentive for high-quality contributions. We have implemented the proposed system, and we have used it to analyze the entire Italian and French Wikipedias, consisting of a total of 691, 551 pages and 5, 587, 523 revisions. Our results show that our notion of reputation has good predictive value: changes performed by low-reputation authors have a significantly larger than average probability of having poor quality, as judged by human observers, and of being later undone, as measured by our algorithms.
Reputation system
Content (measure theory)
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The commonly used reputation systems in online markets facilitate establishing trust in a potential transaction partner who is often anonymous and geographically distant. Successful transactions will only take place when sellers and buyers trust each other, and a good reputation from previous experience will induce such mutual trust and lower the risks for both parties. In this dissertation, we used meta-analytic methods to synthesize evidence from over a hundred empirical studies to affirm the general existence of reputation effects and explored various potential moderators to explain the variation in reputation effects. Moreover, we argued that the effectiveness of a reputation system may not necessarily be that reputable sellers always earn a large price premium, but rather due to the system’s ability to attract and maintain a majority of trustworthy and reliable sellers, reputation will be less important.
Trustworthiness
Reputation system
Empirical Research
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Reputation plays a major role in human societies, and it has been proposed as an explanation for the evolution of cooperation. While the majority of previous studies equates reputation with a transparent and complete history of players' past decisions, in real life, reputations are often ambiguous and opaque. Using web-based experiments, we explore the extent to which opaque reputation works in isolating defectors, with and without partner selection opportunities. Our results show that low reputation works as a signal of untrustworthiness, whereas medium or high reputation are not taken into account by participants for orienting their choices. We also find that reputation without partner selection does not promote cooperative behavior; that is, defectors do not turn into cooperators only for the sake of getting a positive reputation. Finally, in a third study, we find that, when reputation is pivotal to selection, then a substantial proportion of would-be-defectors turn into cooperators. Taken together, these results provide insights on the characteristics of reputation and on the way in which humans make use of it when selecting partners but also when knowing that they will be selected.
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Teachers' prestige and institutions' reputation is a pillar of universities.In many world famous universities,the number of Noble Prize winners has been treated as a symbol of academic level and reputation since 1950s.So is the number of academicians in China.Yet,in present higher education field,teachers' reputation is being declining.In order to reestablish excellent academic reputation,Chinese academe discusses a great deal on academic criterion since 1990s.The reconstruction of excellent academic reputation needs not only the reflection of concepts,but also the establishment of systems.
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The wider use of e-commerce makes it important of studying the model of reputation to a successful trading.Using agent technology researches reputation to protect the successful cooperation between the agents in a large-scale system of open environment,denoting the reputation by the probability,spreading the reputation by acquaintances chain of agent and constructing a model of reputation in Having cooperated and not,is improved the efficiency of MAS Finally.
Agent-Based Model
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Reputation management
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Foreword. Acknowledgments. Introduction Order: Old Problems, New Challenges, and Reusable Solutions. Part I: The State of the Art. 1. Why Bother with Reputation? 2. Theory and Practice of Cooperation: Focusing on the Reputed Agent. 3. The Shadow of the Future. Part II: Reputation Transmission. 4. An Alternative Perspective: the Reputing Agent. 5. Advantages of Reputation over Repeated Interaction. 6. Whether, Why, and Whom to Tell. Part III: What Reputation is Good For. 7. Reciprocal Altruism Reconsidered. 8. Informational Altruism. 9. False Reputation. Part IV: Advantages of the Present Approach. 10. Social Impact of Reputation. 11. Reputation in Infosocieties. Concluding Remarks. Bibliography. Index.
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Reciprocal
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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Reputation plays a major role in human societies, and it has been proposed as an explanation for the evolution of cooperation. While the majority of previous studies equates reputation with a transparent and complete history of players' past decisions, in real life, reputations are often ambiguous and opaque. Using web-based experiments, we explore the extent to which opaque reputation works in isolating defectors, with and without partner selection opportunities. Our results show that low reputation works as a signal of untrustworthiness, whereas medium or high reputation are not taken into account by participants for orienting their choices. We also find that reputation without partner selection does not promote cooperative behavior; that is, defectors do not turn into cooperators only for the sake of getting a positive reputation. Finally, in a third study, we find that, when reputation is pivotal to selection, then a substantial proportion of would-be-defectors turn into cooperators. Taken together, these results provide insights on the characteristics of reputation and on the way in which humans make use of it when selecting partners but also when knowing that they will be selected.
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