Family caregivers' distress responses to daily behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia
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Psychological Distress
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Alzheimer's disease is the most common form of dementia, representing 60-80% of cases, and ageing is the primary risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease. The objective of this study was to examine the chance of developing dementia (i.e. mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease) among geriatric people in Bangladesh.This study included 390 adult citizens of Bangladesh (age range: 60-70 years). The Takeda Three Colors Combination (TTCC) test was used to detect the prevalence of MCI and mild dementia among the subjects, and then the Clinical Dementia Rating was used to determine the level of dementia.The subjects who were aged 60-65 years included 154 with MCI, 76 with mild dementia, 1 with moderate dementia, 4 with severe dementia, and 29 without dementia. The subjects who were aged 66-70 years included 75 with MCI, 36 with mild dementia, 0 with moderate dementia, 2 with severe dementia, and 13 without dementia. The sensitivity of the TTCC was 75% and 58% for the mild dementia and MCI groups, respectively, and the specificity was 52%. The odds ratio of incorrect responses to the TTCC was 3.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.63-7.21) for subjects with mild dementia compared those without dementia. However, the TTCC outcomes revealed no significant differences between the MCI and non-dementia groups. The results showed no significant associations between cognitive decline/developing dementia and social status/occupation.The outcomes of this study indicated that most of the subjects had MCI or mild dementia and were farmers aged 60-65 years.
Clinical Dementia Rating
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Background: The knowledge and awareness of dementia among the public have been poorly estimated by the regional center for dementia.
Methods: To assess the feasibility of dementia care facilities and the attitudes of community members toward dementia care facilities, we conducted semi-structured interviews with patients and caregivers who utilize regional centers for dementia. The questionnaires consisted of an assessment of the understanding of dementia, the items and amount requested for facility use and satisfaction with dementia care facilities.
Results: A total of 151 residents completed this questionnaire form. The rate of interest in
dementia was very high, 48.3% of total responses; however, the knowledge and familiarity
with dementia were very low in comparison to the rate of interest (36.4%, 37.1%, respectively).
Most of the responders suggested that more precise and easily understandable information should be provided by the regional center for dementia.
Conclusion: The public need for dementia care facilities is very high, despite their minimal understanding of dementia. Therefore, it is crucial for the public to receive urgent preventive education. and a conversion of knowledge regarding dementia.
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We performed a retrospective study of 145 consecutive patients referred on suspicion of dementia. We were particularly interested in the occurrence of reversible dementia. Dementia was defined with reference to the ICD-10 criteria.All patients underwent a clinical neurological examination, a battery of blood tests, and a CT scan of the brain.Dementia was found in 63% and in only 4% was it potentially reversible: Three patients had subnormal cobalamin and one patient had normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, treatment did not influence the state of dementia. Hence, patients with reversible dementia were not identified in this study. In the group without dementia one patient had a meningoma. Mental depression was the most common "second" diagnosis in both groups.The number of patients with potential dementia was surprisingly small. We conclude that most patients with reversible dementia are detected by their general practitioner and that the majority of patients suspected of dementia can be diagnosed by the general practitioner, especially if access to CT scans is further liberalised.
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
Depression
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Білім берy қоғaмның экономикaлық дaмyының негізі, әлеyметтік тұрaқтылықтың фaкторлaрының бірі, хaлықтың рyхaни-aдaмгершілік әлеyетінің және интеллектyaлдық өсyінің қaйнaр көзі ретінде бaрлық yaқыттaрдa тaптырмaс құндылық болып есептеліп келеді. Aл қaзіргідей aдaм кaпитaлын қaлыптaстырy мен дaмытy мәселесін шешy негізгі міндет ретінде қaрaстырылaтын зaмaндa хaлықтың білімдік қaжеттіліктері өсіп, жоғaры, ортa aрнayлы, кәсіби қосымшa білім aлyғa үміткерлер сaны aртa түсyде. Бұғaн жayaп ретінде білім берy ұйымдaрының сaлaлaнyы aртып, әртүрлі типтегі оқy орындaрының сaны aртyдa, білім берyдің инфрaқұрылымы, бaсқaрy формaлaры, әдістемелік, ғылыми қызмет түрлері дaмyдa. Олaрды білім aлyшылaрдың жеке сұрaныстaры мен мүмкіндіктеріне бaғыттay күшейтілyде. Осығaн орaй білімнің сaпaсынa қойылaтын тaлaптaр aртып, бұл сaлaның әлеyметпен өзaрa әрекеттестігіне негізделген құрылымдық – қызметтік дaмyының көкейтестілігі aртyдa. Мaқaлaдa «серіктестік», «әлеyметтік серіктестік», «білімдегі әлеyметтік серіктестік» ұғым- дaрының мәні aшылып, олaрдың қaлыптaсy және дaмy үрдісіне шолy жaсaлaды, жоғaры оқy орындaрындa педaгогтaрды дaярлayдa әлеyметтік серіктестердің әлеyетін пaйдaлaнyдa бaсшылыққa aлынaтын ұстaнымдaр мен тиімді жолдaры сипaттaлaды. Түйін сөздер: серіктестік, әлеyметтік серіктестік, білімдегі әлеyметтік серіктестік, бірлескен әрекет ұстaнымдaры, әлеуметтік серіктестік әлеуеті. Обрaзовaние является основой экономического рaзвития обществa, одним из фaкторов социaль- ной стaбильности, источником дyховно-нрaвственного потенциaлa и интеллектyaльного ростa людей и во все временa считaлось незaменимой ценностью. И в нaстоящее время, когдa решение проблемы формировaния и рaзвития человеческого кaпитaлa рaссмaтривaется кaк основнaя зaдaчa, рaстyт обрaзовaтельные потребности людей, yвеличивaется количество желaющих полyчить высшее, среднее, специaльное, профессионaльное дополнительное обрaзовaние. В ответ нa это yсиливaется рaзветвленность обрaзовaтельных оргaнизaций, yвеличивaется количество обрaзовaтельных оргaни- зaций рaзличного типa, рaзвивaются инфрaстрyктyрa обрaзовaния, формы yпрaвления, методическaя и нayчнaя деятельность. Yсиливaется их ориентaция нa индивидyaльные потребности и возможности обyчaющихся. В связи с этим повышaются требовaния к кaчествy обрaзовaния, возрaстaет знaчение стрyктyрно-фyнкционaльного рaзвития этой сферы нa основе взaимодействия с обществом. В стaтье рaскрывaется знaчение понятий «пaртнерство», «социaльное пaртнерство», «социaльное пaртнерство в обрaзовaнии», рaссмaтривaется процесс их стaновления и рaзвития, описывaются рyко- водящие принципы и эффективные способы использовaния потенциaлa социaльных пaртнеров в подготовке педaгогических кaдров в высших yчебных зaведениях. Ключевые словa: партнерство, социaльное пaртнерство, социaльное пaртнерство в обрaзовaнии, принципы совместного действия, поненциал социального партнерство. Education is the basis of the economic development of society, one of the factors of social stability, a source of spiritual and moral potential and intellectual growth of people and has always been considered an irreplaceable value. And at the present time, when the solution of the problem of the formation and development of human capital is considered as the main task, the educational needs of people are growing, the number of people wishing to receive higher, secondary, special, professional additional education is increasing. In response to this, the branching of educational organizations is increasing, the number of educational organizations of various types is increasing, the infrastructure of education, forms of management, methodological and scientific activities are developing. Their focus on the individual needs and capabilities of students is increasing. In this regard, the requirements for the quality of education are increasing, the importance of the structural and functional development of this sphere on the basis of interaction with society is increasing. The article reveals the meaning of the concepts of "partnership", "social partnership", "social partnership in education", examines the process of their formation and development, describes the guidelines and effective ways to use the potential of social partners in the training of teachers in higher educational institutions. Keywords: partnership, social partnership, social partnership in education, principles of joint action, the potential of social partnership.
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What Is Dementia? What Causes Dementia? Irreversible and Reversible Causes of Dementia Psychological Effects of Dementia Diagnosis of Dementia Dementia and the Patient Dementia and the Caregiver Facing Problem Behaviors Helping the Caregivers Dementia Today and in the Future Bibliography Index
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People aged 90 and older are the fastest growing age group in most parts of the world. Since the prevalence of dementia has been shown to increase exponentially after the age of 65, there is an acceptance that the oldest old population has a high burden of dementia; however, there is a lack of consensus on how best to diagnose dementia in this population. This review summarizes the various approaches to diagnosing dementia and the prevalence and incidence rates of dementia that have been reported. We also summarize the literature on cognitive and functional performance and biomarkers for dementia and discuss the limitations to interpretation of these data. Finally, we make recommendations for both researchers and clinicians who intend to diagnose dementia in the oldest old population.
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Psychological Distress
Association (psychology)
Verbal fluency test
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