Chitooligosaccharides inhibit tumor progression and induce autophagy through the activation of the p53/mTOR pathway in osteosarcoma
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macroautophagy 的角色(此后 autophagy ) 在癌症，到临床的干预的生物学和反应是复杂的。autophagy 是在许多肿瘤背景的 dysregulated，是清楚的，在肿瘤开始和前进期间，并且响应治疗。然而，在控制房间行为的 autophagy 的多种的机械学的角色使在一个给定的肿瘤背景预言困难 autophagy 的角色，并且，由扩展，指向 autophagy 的治疗学的结果，力量。在这评论，我们在在癌症支持 pro-tumorigenic 和 anti-tumorigenic 和 autophagy 的治疗学的角色的文学总结证据。这概述在滋养的管理，房间死亡，房间老朽， proteotoxic 应力的规定和细胞的动态平衡包含 autophagy 的角色，在在新陈代谢的变化的肿瘤主人相互作用和参予的规定。在可能的地方，我们也试着理解，为 autophagy 的这些角色的机械学的底。我们明确地阐述在在 vivo.We 使这些问题清楚些的癌症的模型也考虑 autophagy 蛋白质的任何东西或上述所有函数怎么可能是可指向的由的遗传上设计的老鼠的新兴的角色现存或 pharmacologic 代理人的未来类。我们由简短在细胞的过程为关键 autophagy 蛋白质的子集探索不在经典中的角色得出结论，并且这些怎么可能在癌症之上影响。
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Ewing's sarcoma
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This study was initiated to test the hypothesis that soluble p185(HER-2) could be of value as a diagnostic or predictive marker for patients with malignant bone tumours.Sera of 35 patients with high-grade malignant osteosarcoma (n = 27) and Ewing Sarcoma (n = 8) were tested at the time of diagnosis by ELISA and compared with sera of controls (n = 38) and clinical data.In patients with osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma, levels of sp185(HER-2) did not differ significantly from levels in controls. These results were irrespective of the type of tumour, survival chemotherapy or other clinical variables.p185(HER-2) serum levels do not appear to be of diagnostic or predictive value for differentiation of high-grade osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma.
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Autophagy 是导致长寿蛋白质和不正常的细胞器的降级的高度调整的细胞的机制。这个过程处于与神经病学的疾病相关的许多生理、病理学的条件被含有。最近的研究证明在服的局部缺血的 autophagy 的存在，而是没有一致还处于这个条件关于 autophagy 的功能被到达了。这篇文章在服的局部缺血或灌注期间加亮 autophagy 的激活，特别在神经原和星形细胞，以及在 neuronal 或 astrocytic 房间死亡和幸存的 autophagy 的角色。我们建议那 autophagy 的生理的层次，大概引起了由对谦虚组织缺氧或局部缺血温和，看起来保护。然而，严重组织缺氧或局部缺血或灌注引起的 autophagy 的高水平可以引起自我消化和最终的 neuronal 和 astrocytic 房间死亡。我们也讨论那氧化并且 endoplasmic 蜂窝胃(嗯) 在服的组织缺氧或局部缺血或灌注的压力是在神经原和星形细胞的 autophagy 的有势力刺激。另外，我们考察一方面建议在 autophagy 之间的可观的重叠的证据，和 apoptosis，坏死和 necroptosis 在另一方面，在决定结果和损坏神经原和星形细胞的最后的形态学。
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To determine serum levels of TNF-beta and soluble TNF-R in patients with primary highly malignant bone tumours.Sera of 27 patients with highly malignant osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma were taken at the time of diagnosis and analysed by ELISA.Both TNF-beta and sTNF-R levels were lower in sera from osteosarcoma patients as compared to those from Ewing sarcoma. In patients with high-grade osteosarcoma, but not Ewing sarcoma, high levels of TNF-beta correlated with bad response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.In patients with high-grade osteosarcoma TNF-beta levels seem to be of predictive value and both TNF-beta and sTNF-R seem to be of diagnostic value for differentiation between high-grade osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.
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The aim of the study was to observe the expression of heat shock protein gp96 (HSPgp96) and explore its clinical significance in human osteosarcoma.
The expression of HSPgp96 was studied in 44 osteosarcoma tissues including 24 osteoblastic sarcoma and 20 chondroblastic sarcoma, normal tissues adjacent to the sarcomas were evaluated simultaneously.
The immunoreactivity was found positive in all osteosarcoma tissues (44/44), but 21.5% (9/44) in normal tissues. HSPgp96 was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of osteoblastic sarcoma, while in nucleus of chondroblastic sarcoma. HSPgp96 immunolabelling had significantly correlation with the Price degree (P 0.05), and histological subtypes (P >0.05).
The HSPgp96 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma and has different immunolocalization during two subtypes of osteosarcoma. The immunopositivity is significantly higher in tumors with lower differentiation. The research implies that HSPgp96 may play acontributive role on the pathogenesis and development in human osteosarcoma, and there is hope in its application in determining the degree of malignancy of cancer and utilization as atarget for tumor immunity.heat shock protein gp96, immunoreactivity, osteoblastic sarcoma, chondroblastic sarcoma.
The expression of HSPgp96 was studied in 44 osteosarcoma tissues including 24 osteoblastic sarcoma and 20 chondroblastic sarcoma, normal tissues adjacent to the sarcomas were evaluated simultaneously.
The immunoreactivity was found positive in all osteosarcoma tissues (44/44), but 21.5% (9/44) in normal tissues. HSPgp96 was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of osteoblastic sarcoma, while in nucleus of chondroblastic sarcoma. HSPgp96 immunolabelling had significantly correlation with the Price degree (P 0.05), and histological subtypes (P >0.05).
The HSPgp96 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma and has different immunolocalization during two subtypes of osteosarcoma. The immunopositivity is significantly higher in tumors with lower differentiation. The research implies that HSPgp96 may play acontributive role on the pathogenesis and development in human osteosarcoma, and there is hope in its application in determining the degree of malignancy of cancer and utilization as atarget for tumor immunity.heat shock protein gp96, immunoreactivity, osteoblastic sarcoma, chondroblastic sarcoma.
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Human osteoblastic osteosarcoma transplanted into nude mice developed two different subtypes of non-osteogenic sarcoma: one solid and the other cystic. This could reflect the heterogeneity of osteoblastic osteosarcoma; various tumor regions have different characteristics.
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最近的研究揭示了那 autophagy，基本细胞内部的进程，在淋巴细胞开发和功能起许多不同作用。Autophagy 调整天真的 T 淋巴细胞动态平衡，明确地由调整 mitochondrial 质量和周转，并且为成熟 T 房间的增长是必要的。Autophagy 也在淋巴细胞充当一条细胞的死亡小径，在延长 cytokine 退却之上并且在尖锐抗原受体刺激期间如果不正确地调整了。在 HIV 感染期间，而且， autophagy 的 hyperinduction 在 uninfected CD4+ T 房间导致巨大的 T 房间死亡，并且被禁止 autophagic 救开始。在 thymic 的 autophagy 组成地高级上皮的房间为最佳的处理和内长的抗原的表示是必要的，并且为开发 thymocytes 的合适的积极、否定的选择要求。Autophagy 也支持早 B 房间祖先的 B 淋巴细胞，以及发展的幸存。在 B 房间， autophagy 是一条其他的死亡小径，当当 costimulation 不在时的抗原受体刺激导致有势力 autophagic 死亡。因此， autophagy 在淋巴细胞起一个复杂作用并且在他们的 lifespan 期间被调整保证一个健康免疫系统。
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Objective:To investigate whether or not caffine can improve cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro,to offer experimental basis about clinic chemotherapy of osteosarcoma by caffine.Methods:Osteosarcoma cell(OS-732) were cultured with caffine,cisplatin or caffine adding cisplatin.We called them control group,caffine group,cisplatin group and mixing group respectively.Enhancement effect of caffine in cisplatin-induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma was observed from three aspects.Results:Apoptosis were observed in three durg groups.Percentage of apoptotic cells in mixing group was higher than that's in other groups( P 0.05).Conclusions:Caffine had remarkable enhancement effect in cisplatin-induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cell.
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