Long-Term effects of the Curves® fitness & weight loss program: Health outcomes
J. WismannChristopher J. MoultonDaniel RohleLynne TaylorA. VacantiChad M. KerksickT. MagransCharlotte Lund RasmussenMichael GreenwoodDarryn S. WilloughbyKenneth J. Kreider
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55 sedentary women (66±5 yrs, 79±11 kg; 44±4% body fat) participated in the Curves circuit resistance-training program 3-d per wk for 14 wks. Subjects were assigned to an exercise only group (E) or a high carbohydrate (HC) or high protein (HP) diet group. Diets consisted of 1,200 kcal/d for 1-wk, 1,600 kcal/d for 9 wks, followed by a 2,100 kcals/d maintenance diet for 4 wks. The HC and maintenance diets contained 55% CHO, 15% PRO, and 30% Fat while the HP diet contained 7–15% CHO, 55–63% PRO, and 30% Fat. SF-36 data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and are presented as means ± SD changes from baseline after 10 and 14 wks, respectively, for all groups combined. Results revealed that general health (9.3±28, 9.8±25 %, p=0.007), vitality (10.8±39, 13.7±34 %, p=0.005), and mental health (17.7±27, 24.3±23 %, p=0.001) scores significantly increased over time while social functioning scores tended to increase (−5.3±53, 6.4±28 %, p=0.10)in all groups. Physical functioning (−0.7±40, 6.0±36 %, p=0.23), bodily pain (5.4±53, 9.6±50 %, p=0.17), role physical (20.8±100, 26.7±115 %, p=0.13), and role emotional scores (−10.3±67, −11.8±72 %, p=0.29) were not significantly changed over time. No significant interactions were observed among groups. Results indicate that the Curves fitness and weight loss program improves select markers of QOL in senior-aged women.
Vitality
Repeated measures design
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The higher average age of employees, due to the advancement of the compulsory retirement age, and their sedentary lifestyle in automated environments, have become important issues in the workplace, as witnessed in increased incidence of adult disease and decreased physical fitness levels. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a long-term corporate fitness program in helping employees to stay well. The fitness program consisted of medical checkups, physical fitness tests, and a physical training program, given on an individual basis. The medical checkups and physical fitness tests were evaluated in 1499 male employees, with the following results. 1) The incidence of obesity showed no significant change. 2) There were no significant changes in total cholesterol levels nor in the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. 3) Physical fitness was markedly improved. 4) There was a decrease in the percentage of smokers. These results suggest that a long-term corporate fitness program is effective for improving the health and fitness levels of employees and for preventing the progression of adult disease.
Cardiovascular fitness
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55 sedentary women (66±5 yrs, 79±11 kg; 44±4% body fat) participated in the Curves circuit resistance-training program 3-d per wk for 14 wk. Subjects were assigned to an exercise only group (E) or a high carbohydrate (HC) or high protein (HP) diet group. Diets consisted of 1,200 kcal/d for 1-wk, 1,600 kcal/d for 9 wks, followed by a 2,100 kcals/d maintenance diet for 4 wks. The HC and maintenance diets contained 55% CHO, 15% PRO, and 30% Fat while the HP diet contained 7–15% CHO, 55–63% PRO, and 30% Fat. Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and are presented as means ± SD changes from baseline. After 14-weeks, subjects lost an average of 2.3±2.5 kg. Training significantly increased overall 1RM bench press (21.3±28%, p=0.001); 1RM leg press (33.1±37%, p=0.001); BP lifting volume (29.5±72%, p=0.006); LP lifting volume (23.2±57%, p=0.01); relative peak oxygen uptake (10.7±24%, p=0.001), and, 6-min walk test performance (7.6±9%, p=0.001). Resting HR (-3.1±16%, p=0.22) was not non-significantly decreased. SBP (-4.0±12 %, p=0.02) and DBP (-4.7±12 %, p=0.007) were significantly decreased after 10 wks of exercise and dieting. No significant interactions were observed among groups. Results indicate that the Curves fitness program improves muscular strength, muscular endurance, aerobic capacity, functional capacity, and general resting cardiovascular hemodynamics in senior-aged women.
Strength Training
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0523 Recent investigations show that improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness may help offset the health risks of being obese. PURPOSE: To examine changes in cardiorespiratory fitness and exercise tolerance in the moderately obese following participation in a behaviorally-based weight management program. METHODS: 101 overweight individuals (78 women and 23 men; age, 50.82 ± 7.9 yrs; weight, 90.3 ± 15.3kg; BMI, 32.5 ± 4.0; body fat (%BF), 37.9 ± 5.9%; VO2 max, 26.1 ± 6.5 ml.kg- 1.min-1) participated in a clinically based weight management program consisting of exercise, nutrition education and behavior modification. The program consisted of a 3-month intensive phase (2x/week for two hours), a 3-month tapering phase (8, 1- hour sessions) and a 6-month follow-up intervention delivered by mail. During the intensive program, subjects exercised 4 days/week (2 supervised, 2 unsupervised) at 60–70% of maximal heart rate; duration increased progressively from 15 to 45 minutes/day. Subjects underwent a maximal graded exercise test using a modified Naughton-Balke protocol at baseline, after the 3-month program and at 1 year. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded at each stage to determine responses to submaximal exercise. Weight and %BF were also determined at all three time points. RESULTS: Body weight and percent body fat were lower at 3 months and 1 year compared to baseline (86.0 ± 14.2, 88.0 ± 16.7kg; %BF, 35.45 ± 6.8, 35.7 ± 7.5% p<0.001). VO2max was higher than baseline at 3 months (28.5 ± 7.1 ml.kg-1.min-1 p <0.0001), but returned to baseline levels at 1 year (26.1 ± 6.5 ml.kg- 1.min-1). At both 3 months and 1 year, improvements were seen in exercise minutes to exhaustion (baseline, 8.9 ± 2.8; 3 months, 10.7 ± 3.3; 1 year, 10.1 ± 3.5 p <0.001). Submaximal exercise heart rates at stages 1–4 were significantly lower at 3 months and one year by approximately 10 bpm compared to baseline (p <0.001). RPE was also significantly lower during stages 1–4 at 3 months and one year compared to baseline levels (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Obese men and women significantly improved their exercise tolerance and effort perception at submaximal workloads without large improvements in VO2max or BMI. When dealing with obese individuals, attention should be drawn to these positive effects as improvements in submaximal work capacity may have more relevance than increases in VO2max in counteracting the ill effects of obesity and improving quality of life.
Weight management
Cardiovascular fitness
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Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine is an international refereed journal published for clinicians with a primary interest in sports medicine practice. The journal publishes original research and reviews covering diagnostics, therapeutics, and rehabilitation in healthy and physically challenged individuals of all ages and levels of sport and exercise participation. The Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine is the official journal of: American Medical Society for Sports Medicine American Osteopathic Academy of Sports Medicine Australasian College of Sports and Exercise Physicians Canadian Academy of Sport & Exercise Medicine
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본 연구는 저항성 운동과 유산소 운동의 복합 운동 프로그램으로 구성된 체력관리 수업과 일반 교양체육 수업 간에 비만도와 대사증후군 위험인자의 개선 및 체력 향상 정도에 차이가 있는지를 밝혀내어 융복합적인 웰니스를 위한 체력관리 수업의 필요성을 제시하고자 하였다. 피험자는 본교 체력관리 수강 남학생 113명, 본교 교양체육 실기과목 수강 남학생 67명, 타 대학의 운동과 다이어트 및 건강관리 수업 수강 남학생 40명 총 220명을 연구 대상으로 설정하였다. 비만지표, 대사증후군 위험인자 및 건강 기술관련 체력 변인들은 세 집단 간 수업 전후의 상호작용을 검정하기 위해 이원변량분석(Repeated two-way ANOVA)을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 체력관리 수업이 본교 교양체육 수업과 타 대학 교양체육 수업보다 개인의 비만도와 대사증후군 위험인자를 개선시키고 체력을 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 체력관리 교양수업은 기존의 스포츠 실기 및 이론 교양수업에 비해 학생들의 건강과 체력을 효율적으로 증진시킬 수 있는 교과목인 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to develop and manage fitness management class by experimenting effects of fitness management class on obese indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness in university students. Progress of fitness management class by exercise prescription program according to level of students health and fitness. Comparison of obesity indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness between fitness management class group and control(physical education class) group in before- and after-16week exercise prescription program. Decision of class contents and establishment of fitness management class. The effects of fitness management class appeared to higher than control group on obese indices, metabolic syndrome risk factors and health and skill-related fitness. In conclusions, we suggest that fitness management class for wellness convergence is effective for health promotion of students.
Exercise prescription
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During a six-month period, a weight reduction program using behavior therapy was conducted for elderly women at a fitness club. Participants were divided into three groups: (1) Group 1, underwent behavior modification: (2) Group2; underwent nutritional education and traditional exercise guidance, and (3) Group 3, undertook neither behavioral modification nor nutritional education. The results indicated that a significant reduction in weight and fat free mass, as well as an increase in physical fitness was observed in the behavior modification group compared to Group 2 that did not undergo behavior modification. Behavior modification improved the attendance in the programmed, reduced the role of snacks as a proportion of total energy intake and promoted exercise outside the fitness club. Moreover, after terminating the program, continued use of the fitness club was significantly higher in the behavior modification group. The frequency of using the fitness club and weight maintenance after the terminating the program was negatively correlated. (r= -.68, p<.001)
Attendance
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146 sedentary women (50±10 yrs, 162±6 cm; 95±20 kg; 46±5% body fat, 36±7 kg/m2) with medically‐managed conditions were assigned to an exercise & no diet group (E) or a low calorie high carbohydrate (HC) or high protein (HP) diet. Diets consisted of 1,200 kcal/d for 1‐wk and 1,600 kcal/d for 9 wks of either HC (55% C, 15% P, 30% F) or HP (15% C, 55% P, 30% F). During weeks 10‐14, subjects consumed a HC maintenance diet (2,600 kcals/d) and were instructed to diet for 2‐d at 1,200 kcals/d if they gain 3 lbs. Subjects participated in a supervised Curves fitness program 3‐d per wk. Fitness and health measurements were obtained at 0, 10 and 14 weeks. Data are presented as means ± SD changes from baseline. Training significantly increased (p<0.05) 1RM bench press (15±22%), 1RM leg press (23±29%), BP lifting volume (37±55%), LP lifting volume (23±29%), and relative peak oxygen uptake (7.4±19%) while decreasing waist circumference (‐3.2±5%), hip circumference (‐2.8±4%), resting HR (‐3.0±15%), total CHL (‐1.4±16%), and LDL (‐2.8±18%). No significant differences (p>0.05) were observed in changes in resting SBP (‐0.8±13%), DBP (‐0.7±14%), glucose (0.1±19%), triglycerides (0.8±34%), or HDL (‐0.1±20%). Results indicate that the Curves program improves selected markers of health and fitness in women with medically‐managed conditions.
Bench press
Circumference
Calorie
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