Synthesis of Pt-doped SnO2 flower-like hierarchical structure and its gas sensing properties to isopropanol
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Gaseous diffusion
Specific surface area
The reason of porosity formation,effect of pressure on porosity and linking of pores in metallic porous material were studied.Several groups of samples were made on moulding press and geometrical model of porosity formation was established to explain the mechanism.The porosity of sintered samples was observed on microscope,calculated and measured.The linking of pores was proved by measured permeability.The results showed that the samples prepared have high porosity and the pores are linked with each other quite frequently.
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This chapter contains sections titled: Amperemetric selectivity Time-graded selectivity Logic selectivity Directional selectivity Selectivity by differential protection Selectivity between fuses and circuit-breakers
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The porosity, thickness, skeletal and bulk density of a wide range of gas diffusion layers were measured using a buoyancy method. In this method, thin porous samples were weighed both dry and submerged in a wetting fluid, allowing their solid volume to be determined by application of Archimedes principle. The results showed that GDL porosity decreased as the amount of hydrophobic polymer additive was increased. In general, the observed decrease in porosity was in agreement with the theoretical pore volume reduction calculated for a given PTFE loading. A simple mass-based analysis was performed to estimate the amount of PTFE in a given sample, which revealed that materials generally do not possess the PTFE loading they are reported to have, a fact that was confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis. When the measured porosity values were plotted against these improved estimates of PTFE loading, the agreement with the theoretically expected porosity trend was excellent. Comparisons were also made to gas pycnometry. Finally, measurements were made on samples cut from various locations on a given sheet. It was found that although thickness and areal mass varied between locations, the porosity remained relatively constant.
Gas pycnometer
Gaseous diffusion
Gravimetric analysis
Thermogravimetric analysis
Effective porosity
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Since Porosity is a basic parameter for the calculation of gas reservoir reserves,determining the porosity under the reservoir condition is the only way to enhance the precision of the calculation.Based on the measurement of the porosity changes with effective stress and the irreversibility of porosity changes with stress,this paper proposes a conceptual model of porosity change history with the confining pressure.Through the study,two methods to calculate the in-situ porosity value are set up.According to the experimental data of core samples from Jia-2 gas reservoir of Moxi Gasfield,the ratio of conventional confining porosity φ_f to core analysis porosity φ_0 is 0.846(average).The error of confining porosity φ_f with in-situ porosity φ_0 is 5.7%.The error of conventional porosity φ_0 with in-situ porosity can reach 11.5%.It is suggested that it is necessary to modify the porosity and connect it with the logging porosity to make interpretation charts for the reservoir reserve calculation.
Effective porosity
Overburden pressure
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TiC/Ni3Al conmposites with high content of TiC were fabricated by pressureless infiltration method.The effect of content of TiC on porosity of porous preforms was studied.The results show that infiltration of liquid Ni3Al into porouspreforms depended on various factors and infiltration force,especially on the properties of porous preforms.Composities of low porosity and high properties can be obtained by adjusting porosity and pore structures.Practice shows that the higher the porosity of porous preform and the larger diameter of pore in porous preforms,the lower the porosity of composites was.
Infiltration (HVAC)
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石英玻璃底层的表面上的银 nanostructure 协议总数被小金种子与帮助综合 poly vinypyrrolidone (PVP ) 和荧光灯的照耀。银 nanostructure 的形成机制被建议。结果显示出那 PVP 和轻照耀是的关键在原处石英玻璃底层上的银 nanostructure 的生长。在 20 h 照耀展出不规则的形状以后，最后长大到 150 nm 的底层的银 nanostructure，和一些 nanoparticles 叠形成 bilayer。当粒子长大，一个新宽广乐队由于三角形的银 nanoplate 粒子的表面电浆子回声反应联合的 interparticle 偶极子偶极子出现在底层的吸收系列，红它转移 600800 nm。底层把一个排放乐队作为银 nanostructure 增加的平均尺寸在他们的荧光系列，和荧光紧张精神病医生上在 400 nm 集中了。重量的单位活跃的底层的最强壮的重量的单位信号在 16 h 以后被制作。
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Fischer–Tropsch process
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Experimental design technique was used in this investigation to illustrate the relationship between the porosity degree as well as its morphology on the mechanical properties and the wear resistance of iron metal compacts. Two different porous iron compacts of porosities 21 and 46% were chosen for the present investigation as metal compacts of moderate porosity (10–70%). The results indicated that the 2N factorial design technique could be used in evaluating the wear resistance of the iron compacts dependent on the percentage of porosity. It has been indicated that the increase in porosity is largely affected the wear behaviour of such porous metals. However, the stress–strain relationship of these metals is largely dependent on the degree of porosity. Since the compacts poses lower porosity (21%) provides distinct stages of elastic plastic behaviour, the compacts having higher porosity (46%) exhibit identified ultimate strength point.
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Porosity generation situation was observed from surface to center in a DC slab of Al–4.4%Mg alloy. The quantities and area fractions of the porosity were measured quantitatively by using an image analysis apparatus (LUZEX). An explanation of this kind of the porosity generation mechanisms and distribution of the porosity was attempted by using a local equivalent pressure in dendritic solidification. The next conclusion was obtained, (1) The quantities of the porosity increase with decreasing the local equivalent pressure. (2) Distributions of the quantities of porosity correspond to the distribution of the area fractions in the slab, both increase to 180 mm, after that they decrease until the center (203 mm). (3) In the surface layer from surface to 60 mm, the porosity sizes are very small and almost exist between secondary dendrite arm. In the middle layer from 80 mm to 140 mm, the porosity sizes become large and the quantities of the porosity become much too. The most of the porosity exist between secondary dendrite arm and a part distributes along grain boundaries. In the center layer from 160 mm to 203 mm, the porosity sizes become more large and they exist not only between the dendrite arm but also the grain boundaries. The shapes of porosity are irregular and a typical shrinkage porosity.
Dendrite (mathematics)
Slab
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Gaseous diffusion
Saturation (graph theory)
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