One-pot synthesis of isosorbide-based copolycarbonate with good flexibility and tunable thermal property
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In this article, we reported a new strategy to synthesize of isosorbide-based copolycarbonates with good flexibility and tunable thermal property via one-pot direct melt polycondensation of isosorbide (ISB), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and 1,4-benzenedimethanol (BDM). The effect of different feed ratio on the chemical structure, molecular weight, thermal and mechanical property of copolycarbonates was in-depth studied. A series of metal ion-containing compounds as catalysts were used, and the copolycarbonates was synthesized with weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 80,300 and dispersity index below 1.78 by sodium tert-butoxide catalyst, and the reaction time was shorted to only 3.5 h with the ISB conversion up to 99.0%. Meanwhile, the Tg values realized controllable and tunable from 69 to 164 °C by varying the ratio of two diol monomers, and the influence of the structure of carbonyl carbon in repeating units of copolycarbonates on the thermal properties were demonstrated. Moreover, the results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) implied that the flexibility of copolycarbonates was increased with increasing BDM content, and the results of scratch resistance and melting index of the copolycarbonates provided enormous prospect for the industrial application.Keywords:
Isosorbide
Dispersity
The source,application and preparation method of isosorbide are introduced.Catalysts used for dehydration of sorbitol to prepare isosorbide are described and the current situation of research on the field of isosorbide is reviewed.Isosorbide is widely used in food,cosmetics,medicine,plastic and polymer domains.Isosorbide is considered to be a kind of important bio-based industrial chemical in the coming future.Therefore,it can be seen that dehydration of sorbitol for isosorbide preparation will be studied extensively.
Isosorbide
Isosorbide dinitrate
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Abstract A new class of biodegradable copolyesters was prepared by polycondensation of sebacoyl chloride with mixtures of silylated isosorbide and silylated O , O ′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)hydroquinone in bulk. A class of poly(ester‐anhydride)s was synthesized from sebacoyl chloride and mixtures of silylated O , O ′‐bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)hydroquinone and silylated 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid. A second class of poly(ester‐anhydride)s was obtained by polycondensation of sebacoyl chloride with mixtures of silylated isosorbide and silylated 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid. The molar ratio of anhydride and ester groups was varied via the proportion of 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid in the feed. All polyesters were characterized by inherent viscosities, elemental analyses, 1 H NMR and IR spectra, WAXS and DSC measurements. All polyesters proved to be semicrystalline materials.
Isosorbide
Hydroquinone
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In this review the reactivity of the bio-based platform compounds D-sorbitol and isosorbide with green reagents and solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is reported. Dehydration of D-sorbitol via DMC in the presence of catalytic amounts of base is an efficient and viable process for the preparation of the industrially relevant anhydro sugar isosorbide. This procedure is “chlorine-free”, one-pot, environmental friendly and high yielding. The reactivity of isosorbide with DMC is equally interesting as it can lead to the formation of dicarboxymethyl isosorbide, a potential monomer for isosorbide-based polycarbonate, and dimethyl isosorbide, a high boiling green solvent. The peculiar reactivity of isosorbide and the non-toxic properties of DMC represent indeed a green match leading to several industrial appealing potential applications.
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This recommendation defines just three terms, viz., (1) molar-mass dispersity, relative-molecular-mass dispersity, or molecular-weight dispersity; (2) degree-of-polymerization dispersity; and (3) dispersity. “Dispersity” is a new word, coined to replace the misleading, but widely used term “polydispersity index” for M¯w/M¯n and X¯w/X¯n. The document, although brief, also has a broader significance in that it seeks to put the terminology describing dispersions of distributions of properties of polymeric (and non-polymeric) materials on an unambiguous and justifiable footing.
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After a combination of temporary modification, transesterification, cyclization and polycondensation, a series of high-M n and high-T g poly(isosorbide terephthalate) copolymers were synthesized.
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