Towards single-cycle relativistic optics at high repetition rate
Marie OuilléAline VernierD. GustasZhao ChengMagali LozanoJ. RousseauAndreas BlumensteinP. ŠimonStefan HaesslerJ. FauréTamás NagyRodrigo López-Martens
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We present a near-single-cycle near-infrared light source that can be focused to relativistic intensity at 1kHz. We observe first experimental indications of light waveform effects in laser-wakefield acceleration of relativistic energy electrons.Keywords:
Single shot
Repetition (rhetorical device)
Relativistic plasma
Relativistic electron beam
Summary form only given. Significant improvements in the performance of microwave sources, both nonrelativistic and relativistic, have been achieved in recent years by introducing a controlled amount of background plasma. Recent advances in plasma-filled relativistic devices-both experimental and theoretical-are reviewed. In particular, plasma filling has been credited with increasing the electron beam current and frequency tunability (/spl sim/300%). The formation of hybrid waves in plasma-filled corrugated slow wave structures and the role of these modes in improving the beam/wave coupling will also be discussed We review those issues as well as recent experimental results of plasma-loaded backward wave oscillators (BWO) operating over wide range of beam currents (0.8-4 kA) and plasma densities (10/sup 10/-10/sup 13/ cm/sup -3/).
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
Relativistic quantum chemistry
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In high voltage measurement, digitizers are usually used for their convenience of automatic data acquisition. However, the dynamic characteristics of digitizers are not known in detail, especially in the measurement of single-shot waveforms. In this paper, a method for evaluating the dynamic characteristics of digitizers for the single-shot waveform is presented and the accuracy is examined by a numerical simulation. This method is also applied to the digitized data in an experiment and it is pointed out that the dynamic characteristics of digitizers should be evaluated not only for the steepness of the input waveform but also for the individual digital code which digitizers allocates to a small range of the analog input voltage. From these results, the method for estimating the dynamic characteristics of digitizers in the measurement of single-shot waveforms is improved. The dynamic characteristics evaluated by this method show very good agreement with those evaluated for the lightning impulse waveform.
Single shot
Impulse response
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Relativistic plasma
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Relativistic Doppler frequency shift by a relativistic mirror of intense microwaves pulses appears as an efficient process for the generation of submillimeter waves at high energy level. The ability of electron beams to be used as a relativistic mirror for microwaves has been studied experimentally in two different situations : (a) in the case of a high impedance REB device (43Ω) and (b) with a low impedance REB machine (2Ω). The REB being an interesting and very powerful microwave generator is used as well as the microwave pulse source and as the relativistic mirror.
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic quantum chemistry
Relativistic plasma
Electromagnetic pulse
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The dispersion relation for a relativistic electron beam in a plasma, in the absence of an external magnetic field, is derived. It is shown that the plasma oscillations excited by the beam are linearly coupled to the electromagnetic TM mode.
Dispersion relation
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
Upper hybrid oscillation
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The problem of using powerful relativistic electron beams for a fast heating of plasma in open solenoidal systems has arisen practically immediately after creation of the generators of such beams. As the deceleration length of relativistic electrons due to Coulomb collisions even in a very dense plasma is too large, all the prospects of effective plasma heating with the beams are associated with the collective interaction of a high-current relativistic electron beam with a plasma. The development of the small-scale two-stream instability can be one of the mechanisms for effective deceleration of the relativistic beam in the plasma.
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
Solenoid
Weibel instability
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Relativistic beaming
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The maximum possible current has been calculated in a relativistic electron beam-plasma equilibrium. The self-consistent analysis reads Imax<(m0 c3/e)βbγb, where γb=(1−βb2)−1/2 for the charge-neutralized relativistic beam having a large radius compared with the beam thermal Debye length. The special case found in the literature is reproduced [H. Alfvén, Phys. Rev 55, 425 (1939)]. The present work is essential for relativistic electron transport in fast ignition of targets for laser fusion.
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
Relativistic quantum chemistry
Debye
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Summary form only given. A sub-relativistic electron beam shows promise of being a sensitive diagnostic of the electrostatic fields in large amplitude relativistic plasma waves, based on the results of trajectory simulations in which the particles were injected individually into the plasma wave, and in which collective interactions were not considered. Thompson scattering is commonly used to diagnose waves in laser produced plasmas, such as those used in plasma wave acceleration schemes. In this work we are considering the distortion induced in an electron beam as it passes through laser produced plasma waves as a new diagnostic. We extend the previous work by investigating the collective interactions of the beam and plasma using PIC codes and by detailed theoretical analysis of the various instabilities that may disrupt the beam and the plasma.
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
Plasma acceleration
Thomson scattering
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The interaction of relativistic electron beam (REB) with an inhomogenous cold
plasma on the spatial growing of beam-plasma instability has been studied. The
variation in the plasma density does have a profound effect on the spatial beamplasma
instability. Besides, relativistic effect leads to more power absorption from
the relativistic electron beam so REB causing a resonant increase of the electric field.
This work may have its interest due its link to HF heating of plasmas.
Relativistic electron beam
Relativistic plasma
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Abstract Experimental studies in relativistic microwave electronics of plasma at the Prokhorov General Physics Institute are reviewed. Radiation of electromagnetic waves by a high-current relativistic electron beam injected into plasma is explored. Experimental data are compared with the results of an analytic theory and numerical simulations. Fast electronic frequency tuning of microwave radiation has been realized in an experimental setup, which is difficult to implement in vacuum relativistic microwave electronics. This is the main accomplishment of the research from the perspective of possible uses in various applications.
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Relativistic quantum chemistry
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