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    Sustainable transition of mining cities in China: Literature review and policy analysis
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    The problem ofMade in Chinahas already been an important task for the economy development and intellectual property rights of China.Since China joined WTO,more and more foreign enterprises have entered into China.The Chinese reform and opening policy have profited from the fast and wealthy development ofMade in China, and many foreign enterprises have also benefited from it in China.After thirty years of reform and opening policy,the tendency ofMade in Chinaand independent intellectual property rights of China will decide the future development of China.AndChina Designis not only the important content for intellectual property rights of China,but also the necessary positive factor for the development ofMade in China. In fact,design means innovation.A country without design will never develop fast.
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    Yuri Kazepov (Ed.), Cities of Europe: Changing Contexts, Local Arrangements, and the Challenge to Urban Cohesion (Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing, 2005).Integrated in the series of Studies in Urba...
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    Assuming tourism as a place oriented activity, where tourism flows often cross regional borders, local and global indicators of spatial autocorrelation can be useful tools to identify and explain different patterns of regional tourism dynamics and their determinants. These techniques recently became widely used in applied economic studies, as a result of their useful insights to understand spatial phenomena and benefiting from the existence of georeferenced data and adequate software tools. This tendency is also observed in the tourism sector in the last few years, although the application of these methodologies is still scarce in tourism studies. In this work, these methodologies are applied to the case of the Japanese Prefectures, leading to the identification of different patterns of spatial heterogeneity and agglomeration processes related to regional tourism dynamics in Japan, with a view on policy and managerial recommendations. The results clearly reveal the existence of such spatial effects, reflecting the importance of central areas of Japan in terms of tourism performance. It was also possible to observe that regions where tourism plays a more prominent role in terms of its importance within regional employment do not present a relatively high performance in terms of economic growth.
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    On a regional scale, two types of polycentricity can be observed. The first involves polycentric metropolitan regions that have evolved in the course of post-suburban development around a previously monocentric city, whereas the second type involves neighbouring metropolises evolving into a multi-core polycentric metropolitan region due to an increase in the functional interaction between each other. The German urban system is characterised by both types of polycentricity. In this paper I examine the role of these two types of polycentricity within the context of globalisation. I address the question of whether individual metropolitan cores and metropolitan cores and their associated post-suburban areas share the global functions of a metropolitan region or whether such functions are concentrated in a single city within the metropolitan region. To this end, I analyse the locations of leading global advanced producer service firms in Germany in their role as sub-nodes of the world city network. Finally, I discuss the empirical findings in the context of modelling the world city network.
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    We Chinese must have such a sober cognition as the fact of “China’s rise” has been exaggerated by western public opinion. “China’s rise” should be accurately interpreted as “China is now rising”.The reason for this is that China has a big gap against the rising target on economy and colligate national power etc. Now China only stands at starting point, with basic foundation and condition.
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    With 30 years of reform and opening-up to the outside world,China has made great progress in strengthening her power and improving people's life.This is closely related to the improved external environment.The Sino-Japanese governmental economic cooperation revolved around Japan's ODA policies towards China is one of the factors that has promoted rapid development in China.
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    This paper develops multiple indicators to map the geographical distribution of knowledge and scientific and technological capabilities as proxies of the geographical distribution of Science, Technology & Innovation activities, and applies such indicators to data and information from the state of SA£o Paulo, Brazil. The overall view of the geographical distribution of S,T&I activities in the state is complemented by the analysis of the same activities in the perspective of a local production and innovation system: the case of information and communication technologies in the micro-region of Campinas. The results show a pattern for the regional distributions of S,T&I activities along the main highways of the state, around metropolitan areas such as SA£o Paulo and Campinas, and in regions where educational, science and technology, and R&D institutions are strongly concentrated. Firms tend to agglomerate in these areas and regions, forming local production and innovation systems. The paper produces evidence on the adherence of the geographical distribution of those systems to the geographical distribution of S,T&I activities as shown by the indicators. This confirms the empirical findings of the literature about the relationship between geography and innovation.
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