Infrared optical absorption in low-spin Fe2+-doped SrTiO3
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Band gap engineering in SrTiO3 and related titanate perovskites has long been explored due to the intriguing properties of the materials for photocatalysis and photovoltaic applications. A popular approach in the materials chemistry community is to substitutionally dope aliovalent transition metal ions onto the B site in the lattice to alter the valence band. However, in such a scheme there is limited control over the dopant valence, and compensating defects often form. Here we demonstrate a novel technique to controllably synthesize Fe(2+)- and Fe(3+)-doped SrTiO3 thin films without formation of compensating defects by co-doping with La(3+) ions on the A site. We stabilize Fe(2+)-doped films by doping with two La ions for every Fe dopant, and find that the Fe ions exhibit a low-spin electronic configuration, producing optical transitions in the near infrared regime and degenerate doping. The novel electronic states observed here offer a new avenue for band gap engineering in perovskites for photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.Methyl orange
Zinc nitrate
p–n junction
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This study prepared TiO2 film photocatalyst based on Ti plate using sol-gel method. XRD result demonstrated that the prepared photocatalyst mainly consisted of anatase crystals about 35.7nm on the average. SEM characterization result showed that the surface of the photocatalyst was very even and compact. And TiO2connected with the Ti plate closely and firmly. The photoelectrochemistry characteristic of the photocatalyst tested with electrochemistry method indicated that the prepared photocatalyst was n-type semiconductor and the extra electric field would promote the separation of photogenerated electron and hole in favor of the increase of the photocatalysis efficiency. The degradation experiments of benzamide by photocatalysis and electrically assisted photocatalysis (EAP) demonstrated that the extra electric field had the obvious assistant effect on photocatalysis and the benzamide degradation rate by EAP was much higher than that by photocatalysis. When the electrode potential of photocatalyst was -0.05V/SCE,the removal efficiency of benzamide could be 95% in 120min.
Benzamide
Degradation
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Redistribution
Settling
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Fe3+ and Al 3+ co-doped TiO2(Fe3+/Al3+-TiO2)composite photocatalysts were prepared by the sol-gel method using Ti(OC4H9)4 as precursor and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and UV-Vis.The effect of calcination temperature and salts in photocatalytic system on the photocatalytic activity of Fe3+/Al3+-TiO2 were investigated by photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange irradiated by sunlight.The photocatalytic activity of Fe3+/Al3+-TiO2 was enhanced with increasing temperature.HCO3-and NO2-decreased its photocatalytic activity.
Methyl orange
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Gap engineering of ZnO by codoping it with III-V materials is investigated using model and ab initio calculation. Our results show that the codoped materials (ZnO)1-x (III-V)x , where (III-V) stands for GaN, AlN, AlP, BN, BP exhibit energy band gaps that get smaller as the dopant concentrations x is increased. Even at a very small dopant concentration the obtained band gaps are found to be much smaller than that of ZnO making the studied (ZnO)1-x(III-V)x materials promising candidates for photoelectrochemical water splitting.
Wide-bandgap semiconductor
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Photocatalysis has been widely applied in various areas, such as solar cells, water splitting, and pollutant degradation. Therefore, the photochemical mechanisms and basic principles of photocatalysis, especially TiO2 photocatalysis, have been extensively investigated by various surface science methods in the last decade, aiming to provide important information for TiO2 photocatalysis under real environmental conditions. Recent progress that provides fundamental insights into TiO2 photocatalysis at a molecular level is highlighted. Insights into the structures of TiO2 and the basic principles of TiO2 photocatalysis are discussed first, which provides the basic concepts of TiO2 photocatalysis. Following this, details of the photochemistry of three important molecules (oxygen, water, methanol) on the model TiO2 surfaces are presented, in an attempt to unravel the relationship between charge/energy transfer and bond breaking/forming in TiO2 photocatalysis. Lastly, challenges and opportunities of the mechanistic studies of TiO2 photocatalysis at the molecular level are discussed briefly, as well as possible photocatalysis models.
Photocatalytic water splitting
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Underlayer exposed ZnO:Al-TiO2 coupled films are prepared by different means.Surface morphology by SEM,microstructure by XRD,film thickness by surface profiler and photocatalysis are investigated.In order to explain the enhanced photocatalysis,reaction Ag++→Ag↓ is adopted to clarify the mechanism.It turns out that during the process of photocatalysis the exposed part of the underlayer releases e-and this suppresses recombination of light-induced charges,thus enhanced photocatalysis.
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